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Exploring the correlation between temperature and crime:A case-crossover study of eight cities in America

Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第1期5卷 13-36页

作者： Jinming hu Xiaofeng hu xin’ge Han Yan Lin huanggang Wu bing Shen School of Information Technology and Cyber Security People’s Public Security University of ChinaBeijing 100038China Center for Capital Social Safety People’s Public Security University of ChinaBeijing 100038China China Association for Public Safety Beijing 100084China School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijing 100083China School of International Police Studies People’s Public Security University of ChinaBeijing 100038China

Recent years have seen increasing academic interest in exploring the correlation between temperature and crime.However,it is uncertain whether similar long-term trends or seasonality(rather than causal effect)of temper-ature and crime is the major reason for the observed correlation between them.To explore whether there is still a correlation between temperature and crime when long-term trends and seasonal cycles are filtered out,we use the Kalman filter to decompose the time series of temperature and crimes,and then the fast Fourier transform is used to calculate the exact circle of their seasonality separately.Based on that,the box-plot method and linear regression are used to explore the correlation between temperature residuals and crime residuals.The results show that more than half of the crime types have similar seasonal cycles(approximately 1 year)to that of temperature.Moreover,the daily residual analyses show that temperature residuals have a positive correlation with assault and robbery residuals in all cities,whose average slopes are more than 0.1.The other four types of crimes vary greatly from case to case.The temperature residuals show a weak correlation with the residuals of some crime types.

关键词： Time series decomposition Crime Temperature Kalman filter Fast fourier transform

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Discharge heart rate and 1-year clinical outcomes in heart failure patients with atrial fibrillation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第1期135卷 52-62页

作者： Fuwei xing xin Zheng Lihua Zhang Shuang hu Xueke Bai Danli hu bing Li Jing Li Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510080China National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases NHC Key Laboratory of Clinical Research for Cardiovascular MedicationsState Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular DiseaseFuwai HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNational Center for Cardiovascular DiseasesBeijing 100037China Department of Cardiology The Third Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilin 130031China

Background: The association between heart rate and 1-year clinical outcomes in heart failure (HF) patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), and whether this association depends on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), are unclear. We investigated the relationship between discharge heart rate and 1-year clinical outcomes after discharge among hospitalized HF patients with AF, and further explored this association that differ by LVEF level.Methods: In this analysis, we enrolled 1760 hospitalized HF patients with AF from the China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events Prospective Heart Failure study from August 2016 to May 2018. Patients were categorized into three groups with low (<65 beats per minute [bpm]), moderate (65-85 bpm), and high (≥86 bpm) heart rate measured at discharge.Cox proportional hazard models were employed to explore the association between heart rate and 1-year primary outcome, which was defined as a composite outcome of all-cause death and HF rehospitalization.Results: Among 1760 patients, 723 (41.1%) were women, the median age was 69 (interquartile range [IQR]: 60-77) years, median discharge heart rate was 75 (IQR: 69-84) bpm, and 934 (53.1%) had an LVEF <50%. During 1-year follow-up, a total of 792 (45.0%) individuals died or had at least one HF hospitalization. After adjusting for demographic characteristics, smoking status, medical history, anthropometric characteristics, and medications used at discharge, the groups with low (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05-1.68,P = 0.020) and high (HR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.07-1.67,P = 0.009) heart rate were associated with a higher risk of 1-year primary outcome compared with the moderate group. A significant interaction between discharge heart rate and LVEF for the primary outcome was observed (P for interaction was 0.045). Among the patients with LVEF ≥50%, only those with high heart rate were associated with a higher risk of primary outcome compared with the group with moderate heart rate (HR: 1.38, 95% CI:

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Heart failure Heart rate Left ventricular ejection fraction

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DUSP2 deletion with CRISPR/Cas9 promotes Mauthner cell axonal regeneration at the early stage of zebrafish

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第3期18卷 577-581页

作者： Guo-Jian Shao xin-Liang Wang Mei-Li Wei Da-Long Ren bing hu School of Life Sciences Division of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetic Resource Conservation and Bio-Breeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyAnhui Agricultural UniversityHefeiAnhui ProvinceChina

Axon regeneration of central neurons is a complex process that is tightly regulated by multiple extrinsic and intrinsic factors.The expression levels of distinct genes are changed after central neural system(CNS)injury and affect axon regeneration.A previous study identified dusp2 as an upregulated gene in zebrafish with spinal cord injury.Here,we found that dual specificity phosphatase 2(DUSP2)is a negative regulator of axon regeneration of the Mauthner cell(M-cell).DUSP2 is a phosphatase that mediates the dephosphorylation of JNK.In this study,we knocked out dusp2 by CRISPR/Cas9 and found that M-cell axons of dusp2(-/-)zebrafish had a better regeneration at the early stage after birth(within 8 days after birth),while those of dusp2^(+/-)zebrafish did not.Overexpression of DUSP2 in Tg(Tol 056)zebrafish by single-cell electroporation retarded the regeneration of M-cell axons.Western blotting results showed that DUSP2 knockout slightly increased the levels of phosphorylated JNK.These findings suggest that knocking out DUSP2 promoted the regeneration of zebrafish M-cell axons,possibly through enhancing JNK phosphorylation.

关键词： axon regeneration central nervous system CRISPR/Cas9 DUSP2 JNK Mauthner cell single-cell electroporation spinal cord injury two-photon axotomy zebrafish

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Toxicities of amyloid-beta and tau protein are reciprocally enhanced in the Drosophila model

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第10期17卷 2286-2292页

作者： Zhen-Dong Sun Jia-xin hu Jia-Rui Wu bing Zhou Yun-Peng huang Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhouZhejiang ProvinceChina State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina

Extracellular aggregation of amyloid-beta(Aβ)and intracellular tau tangles are two major pathogenic hallmarks and critical factors of Alzheimer’s disease.A linear interaction between Aβand tau protein has been characterized in several models.Aβinduces tau hyperphosphorylation through a complex mechanism;however,the master regulators involved in this linear process are still unclear.In our study with Drosophila melanogaster,we found that Aβregulated tau hyperphosphorylation and toxicity by activating c-Jun N-terminal kinase.Importantly,Aβtoxicity was dependent on tau hyperphosphorylation,and flies with hypophosphorylated tau were insulated against Aβ-induced toxicity.Strikingly,tau accumulation reciprocally interfered with Aβdegradation and correlated with the reduction in mRNA expression of genes encoding Aβ-degrading enzymes,including dNep1,dNep3,dMmp2,dNep4,and dIDE.Our results indicate that Aβand tau protein work synergistically to further accelerate Alzheimer’s disease progression and may be considered as a combined target for future development of Alzheimer’s disease therapeutics.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease amyloid-beta amyloid-beta degradation Drosophila melanogaster c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK) neurodegeneration tau tau hyperphosphorylation

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Focused ultrasound induces apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells

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Chinese Medical Journal 2012年第12期125卷 2089-2093页

作者： GUO Qian JIANG Li-xin hu bing Department of Ultrasound in Medicine Sixth People＇s HospitalAffiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200233China Shanghai Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine Shanghai 200233China

Background The incidence and mortality rate of pancreatic cancer have increased dramatically in China over recent decades. Focused ultrasound （FU） has been somewhat successful in treating pancreatic cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells induced by FU. Methods Suspension of human pancreatic carcinoma cell line PaTu 8988t was radiated by FU, using five doses with different radiation parameters and patterns, including one blank control. Temperature increase of the cell suspension was monitored. Cell apoptosis and death after FU radiation was observed using fluorescence microscopy and was tested by flow cytometer at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after ultrasound radiation. Results The maximum cell suspension temperatures following five radiation doses were 28℃, （42.20±2.17）℃, （50.80±0.84）℃, （55.80±2.17）℃, and （65.20±3.11）℃; differences between the doses were statistically significant （P 〈0.05）. The apoptosis rate peaked at 24 hours after radiation, at （0.56±0.15）%, （1.28±0.16）%, （1.84±0.29）%, （5.74±1.15）%, and （2.00±0.84）% for the five doses; differences between the doses were statistically significant （P 〈0.05）. Between doses 1--4, cell apoptosis rates increased as the Tmax increased, in dose 5, as the Tmax was above 60℃, the apoptosis rate decreased. Conclusion Sub-threshold thermal exposures of FU radiation with a continuous radiation pattern could result in higher percentage of apoptosed cells.

关键词： high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation cell apoptosis pancreatic cancer

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A Review of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Studies of Motor and Cognitive Function in Preterm Infants

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2020年第3期36卷 321-329页

作者： Quan Wang Guang-Pu Zhu Li Yi xin-xin Cui hui Wang Ru-Yi Wei bing-Liang hu Key Laboratory of Spectral Imaging Technology Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Biomedical Spectroscopy of Xi’an Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of SciencesXi’an 710119China Child Study Center Yale School of MedicineYale UniversityNew HavenCT 06520USA School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences and Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Preterm infants are vulnerable to brain injuries,and have a greater chance of experiencing neurodevelopmental disorders throughout development. Early screening for motor and cognitive functions is critical to assessing the developmental trajectory in preterm infants, especially those who may have motor or cognitive deficits. The brain imaging technology functional near-infrared spectroscopy(fNIRS) is a portable and low-cost method of assessing cerebral hemodynamics, making it suitable for large-scale use even in remote and underdeveloped areas. In this article, we review peer-reviewed, scientific f NIRS studies of motor performance, speech perception, and facial recognition in preterm infants. f NIRS provides a link between hemodynamic activity and the development of brain functions in preterm infants. Research using fNIRS has shown different patterns of hemoglobin change during some behavioral tasks in early infancy. fNIRS helps to promote our understanding of the developmental mechanisms of brain function in preterm infants when performing motor or cognitive tasks in a less-restricted environment.

关键词： Functional near infrared spectroscopy Preterm infant Motor performance Speech perception Facial recognition Cerebral hemodynamics

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Elevated DLL3 in stomach cancer by tumor-associated macrophages enhances cancer-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion of macrophages

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Gastroenterology Report 2022年第1期10卷 322-334页

作者： Jian-Bin Ye Jun-Jie Wen Dan-Lin Wu Bing-Xin Hu Mei-Qun Luo Yan-Qing Lin Yun-Shan Ning Yan Li School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongP.R.China Service Union Medicine Southern Medical UniversityZhuhaiGuangdongP.R.China

Background The notch signal pathway is important in the development of both tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)and stomach cancer,but how Notch signaling affects TAMs in stomach cancer is barely understood.Methods The expressions of Notch1,Notch2,Notch3,Notch4,hes family bHLH transcription factor 1(Hes1),and delta-like canonical Notch ligand 3(DLL3)were detected by Western blot and the expressions of interleukin(IL)-10,IL-12,and IL1-b were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after the co-culture of macrophages and stomach-cancer cells.The proliferation and migration of cancer cells were detected using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and scratch assay,respectively,and the cell cycle was detected using Annexin V/propidium iodide assay.The protein interactions with DLL3 were detected using co-immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry.Results The co-culture of macrophages and stomach-cancer cells MKN45 and BGC823 could enhance cell proliferation accompanied by the activation of Notch1/Notch2 signaling and upregulation of DLL3.Notch signaling gamma-secretase inhibitor(DAPT)blocked this process.The overexpression of DLL3 in stomach-cancer cells could promote the proliferation of cancer cells,enhance the activation of Notch1/Notch2 signaling,induce the expression of IL-33,lead to the degradation of galectin-3–binding protein(LG3BP)and heat shock cognate 71 kDa protein(HSPA8),and result in elevated IL-1b,IL-12,and IL-10 secretion by macrophages.Higher expression of DLL3 or IL-33 could lead to a lower survival rate based on University of California,Santa Cruz Xena Functional Genomics Explorer and The Cancer Genome Atlas data set.Conclusions This is evidence that DLL3 regulates macrophages in stomach cancer,suggesting that DLL3 may be a novel and potential target for stomach-cancer therapy.

关键词： stomach cancer DLL3 macrophages Notch signaling,proliferation cytokines

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Atmospheric Corrosion of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy in the Antarctic Low-Temperature Environment

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金属学报:英文版 2023年第9期36卷 1421-1432页

作者： Xi-Zhao Shi Zhong-Yu Cui Jie Li bing-Chen hu Yi-Qiang An xin Wang Hong-Zhi Cui School of Materials Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Polar Research Institute of China Shanghai200136China

In this work,the outdoor corrosion behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy in the Antarctic atmospheric environment was investigated.The surface corrosion state of the specimens exposed to the Antarctic atmosphere for 1 month and 24 months differ significantly.The corrosion rate after 1 month during the summer season was 19.82 g/m^(2)·year and it decreased to 13.87 g/m^(2)·year after two years’exposure.Corrosion is initiated with pitting corrosion and then evolved to uniform corrosion with prolonging exposure time.The skyward surface exhibited a much severe corrosion than that of the groundward surface,attributed to the long-term existence of the adsorbed electrolyte layer.The corrosion products formed on the alloy exposed in Antarctica environment were MgCO_(3)·3H_(2)O,MgCO_(3)·5H_(2)O and Mg_(2)CO_(3)(OH)_(2)·0.5H_(2)O,with the MgCO_(3)·3H_(2)O as the dominant phase in the initial stage and the Mg_(2)CO_(3)(OH)_(2)·0.5H_(2)O as the dominant phase after long-term exposure.

关键词： Magnesium alloy Corrosion products Antarctica Low temperature

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Solidification and heat transfer of molten steel slag particles during air quenching process

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2023年第9期30卷 1834-1842页

作者： Wen-feng Gu Jiang Diao Rui-xin hu Wen-sun Ge Wen-feng Tan Hong-yi Li bing Xie College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vanadium–Titanium Metallurgy and Advanced Materials Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Institute of Materials Engineering Technology Pangang Group Research Institute Co.Ltd.Panzhihua 617000SichuanChina

In order to effectively utilize the resources and energy of molten steel slag,the variation of precipitation phase and specific heat of air quenched steel slag(AQSS)particles during continuous cooling process was investigated by FactSage and thermogravimetry differential scanning calorimetry.The cooling and solidification process of molten AQSS particles was simulated by Fluent.The microstructure changes in AQSS particles in solidification process were analyzed using an ultrahigh temperature laser confocal microscope and a scanning electron microscope.The results indicated that in the cooling process of molten AQSS particles,the precipitation of Ca_(2)Fe_(2)O_(5) resulted in the largest change of specific heat.Under the condition of slow cooling,the cooling rate is more obviously affected by specific heat.When the initial air velocity was 300 m s^(-1),there was the highest temperature difference in AQSS particles during cooling process.What is more,the compactness of the boundary region of AQSS particles was obviously better than that of its central region.

关键词： Specific heat Air quenched steel slag Cooling Solidification Microstructure change

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Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy vs adjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced Siewert type Ⅱ/Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of gastroesophageal junction after D2/R0 resection

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第8期14卷 1540-1551页

作者： Wen-Zhe Kang Jin-Ming Shi bing-Zhi Wang Jian-Ping Xiong xin-xin Shao Hai-Tao hu Jing Jin Yan-Tao Tian Department of Pancreatic and Gastric Surgery National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Pathology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Radiation Oncology National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeShenzhen 518116Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND For Siewert type Ⅱ/Ⅲ adenocarcinoma of gastroesophageal junction(AGE), the efficacy of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy(CRT) after D2/R0 resection remains uncertain.AIM To determine whether CRT was superior to chemotherapy(CT) alone after D2/R0 resection for locally advanced Siewert type Ⅱ/Ⅲ AGE.METHODS We identified 316 locally advanced Siewert type Ⅱ/Ⅲ AGE patients who were treated with D2/R0 resection at National Cancer Center from 2011 to 2018.57 patients received adjuvant CRT and 259 patients received adjuvant CT.We followed patients for overall survival(OS), relapse-free survival, and recurrence pattern.RESULTS Five-year OS rates of the CRT group and the CT group for all patients were 66.7% and 41.9%(P = 0.010).Five-year OS rates of the CRT group and the CT group for Siewert type Ⅲ AGE patients were 65.7% and 43.9%(P = 0.006).Among the 195 patients whose recurrence information could be obtained, 18 cases(34.6%) and 61 cases(42.7%) were diagnosed as recurrence in the CRT group and CT group, respectively.The local and regional recurrence rates in the CRT group were lower than that in the CT group(22.2% vs 24.6%, 27.8% vs 39.3%).Multivariable cox regression analysis showed that vascular invasion, nerve invasion, and adjuvant CRT were important prognostic factors for Siewert type Ⅲ AGE.CONCLUSION For locally advanced Siewert type Ⅲ AGE, adjuvant CRT may prolong OS and reduce the regional recurrence rate.

关键词： Siewert typeⅡ/Ⅲ Gastroesophageal junction Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy Adjuvant chemotherapy Survival Recurrence

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