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A mathematical model to assess the impact of testing and isolation compliance on the transmission of COVID-19

Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第2期8卷 427-444页

作者： Shasha Gao Pant Binod Chidozie Williams Chukwu Theophilus Kwofie Salman Safdar Lora Newman Seoyun Choe bimal kumar datta Wisdom Kwame Attipoe Wenjing Zhang P.van den Driessche School of Mathematics and Statistics Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330000JiangxiChina Department of Mathematics University of FloridaGainesville32611FLUSA Department of Mathematics University of MarylandCollege Park20742MDUSA Department of Mathematics Wake Forest UniversityWinston-Salem27109NCUSA School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Arizona State UniversityTempe85287AZUSA Department of Mathematical Sciences University of CincinnatiCincinnati45221OHUSA Department of Mathematics University of Central FloridaOrlando32816FLUSA Department of Mathematical Sciences Florida Atlantic UniversityBoca Raton33431FLUSA Department of Mathematics Clarkson UniversityPotsdam13699NYUSA Department of Mathematics and Statistics Texas Tech UniversityLubbock79409TXUSA Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of VictoriaVictoriaV8W 2Y2B.CCanada

The COVID-19 pandemic has ravaged global health and national economies worldwide.Testing and isolation are effective control strategies to mitigate the transmission of COVID-19,especially in the early stage of the disease outbreak.In this paper,we develop a deterministic model to investigate the impact of testing and compliance with isolation on the transmission of COVID-19.We derive the control reproduction number R_(C),which gives the threshold for disease elimination or prevalence.Using data from New York State in the early stage of the disease outbreak,we estimate R_(C)=7:989.Both elasticity and sensitivity analyses show that testing and compliance with isolation are significant in reducing R_(C) and disease prevalence.Simulation reveals that only high testing volume combined with a large proportion of individuals complying with isolation have great impact on mitigating the transmission.The testing starting date is also crucial:the earlier testing is implemented,the more impact it has on reducing the infection.The results obtained here would also be helpful in developing guidelines of early control strategies for pandemics similar to COVID-19.

关键词： COVID-19 Testing Compliance Isolation New York state

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Therapeutic potential and pharmacological mechanism of visnagin

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第4期22卷 399-412页

作者： Poonam Yadav Sumeet kumar Singh Sayantap datta Saloni Verma Aarti Verma Arnab Rakshit Anjana Bali Jasvinder Singh Bhatti Amit Khurana Umashanker Navik Department of Pharmacology School of Health SciencesCentral University of Punjab Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences College of PharmacyUniversity of Houston Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine School of Health SciencesCentral University of Punjab

Visnagin is a furanochromone and one of the most important compound in the Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam (a synonym of Visnaga daucoides Gaertn.) plant,which is used to cure various ailments.Many investigations into the bioactive properties of visnagin have been studied to date.The literature on visnagin demonstrates its biological properties,including anti-inflammatory,anti-diabetic,and beneficial effects in cardiovascular and renal diseases.Moreover,visnagin improves sperm quality parameters,stimulates steroidogenesis,and increases serum gonadotropins and testosterone levels,while decreasing proinflammatory cytokines,oxidative damage,genomic instability,and it modulates apoptosis.Thus,visnagin has emerged as an exciting lead for further research,owing to its potential in various unmet clinical needs.The current review summarized its basic structure,pharmacokinetics,and pharmacological effects,focusing on its mechanisms of action.The review will help to understand the potential of visnagin as an alternative treatment strategy for several diseases and provide insight into research topics that need further exploration for visnagin’s safe clinical use.

关键词： Ammi visnaga L. Anti-inflammatory Cancer Phytochemical Visnaga daucoides Gaertn Visnagin

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Evolution of tectonic landscapes and deformation in the southeast Kumaun and western Nepal Himalaya

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第8期 2592-2617页

作者： Khayingshing LUIREI Girish Ch.KOTHYARI Param K GAUTAM Ambar SOLANKI Atul kumar PATIDAR Sentisenla JAMIR Anirudh datta Tanupriya CHOUDHURY Wadia Institute of Himalayan Geology Department of Petroleum Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Petroleum and Energy Studies Department of Geology Nagaland University Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research CSE Department Graphic Era deemed to be University CSE Department Symbiosis Institute of Technology Symbiosis International (Deemed University)

The area of the present investigation's expanse constitutes the southernmost extent of the southeast Kumaun Himalaya and western Nepal Himalaya. Multidisciplinary approaches have been employed to understand the landforms associated with tectonic deformation, through detailed field investigation supplemented by the geodetic, chronological, and morphometric database. The morphogenic expressions of the Main Boundary Thrust(MBT) are reflected in the form of ～25 km long E-W trending north dipping fault scarp. The deformation along the strike length of the Himalayan Frontal Thrust(HFT) is noticed in the form of uplifted and incised fill terraces, and strath terraces. The deformation within the fluvial sequences in the study area can be visualized in the form of sheared boulders and pebbles, tilted and faulted terrace deposits. Furthermore, the chronological data of fluvial landforms in the study area suggests two major phases of tectonic deformations that have occurred around 58.7±10.8 ka and 3.88±0.4 ka. The chronology of lateQuaternary landforms advocates that the initial stage of aggradations in the Himalayan foothills commenced around 75.1±0.58 ka. The aggradational landforms resulted from the diverse depositional regime as evident from the nature of the sediment sequences from clasts dominated to thick mud sequences. The rate of deformation in the southeastern Kumaun and western Nepal Himalaya is ± 7 mm/yr, as per the data obtained from the Persistent Scatterer Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(PSIn SAR). The landform deformation pattern, phase of incision and aggradation, frequent occurrence of landslides, and recent past earthquake activity within the wide zone of the HFT, the MBT, and Ramgarh Thrust suggests that the southernmost front of the Kumaun Himalaya is active and has potential for future geohazard. The foothill zone of Himalayan towns are actively growing in terms of population and infrastructural development. Therefore, such intradisciplinary studies for tectonically active regions are needed f

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Evaluation of Pre-Emergence and Post-Emergence Herbicides for Weed Management in Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Miscanthus sinensis

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第5期92卷 1439-1467页

作者： bimal kumar Ghimire Chang Yeon Yu Seung Hyun Kim Ill Min Chung Department of Crop Science College of Sanghuh Life ScienceKonkuk UniversitySeoul05029Korea Bioherb Research Institute Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341Kore

Miscanthus,is a promising bioenergy crop,considered superior to other bioenergy crops because of its higher water and nutrient use efficiency,cold tolerance,and higher production of biomass.Broadleaf weeds and grass weeds,cause major problems in the Miscanthus field.A field experiment was conducted in 2018 and 2019,to assess the effects of pre-emergence(alachlor and napropamide)and post-emergence herbicides(nicosulfuron,dicamba,bentazon,and glufosinate ammonium)on broadleaf and grass weeds in M.sinensis and M.sacchariflorus fields.The weed control efficiency and phytotoxicity of pre-and post-emergence herbicides were evaluated at 30 days after treatment(DAT)and compared to those of the control plots.The results showed wide variations in the susceptibility of the weed species to the treated herbicides.Treatment with nicosulfuron 40 g.***.i.ha^(-1) provided the most effective overall weed control(with 10%visual injury),without affecting the height and biomass of neither Miscanthus species in the field.Post-emergence herbicides such as glufosinate ammonium 400 g.***.i.ha^(-1) and dicamba 482 g.***.i.ha^(-1) were effective and inhibited the growth and density of the majority of weeds to a 100%;however,they showed significant phytotoxicity(toxicity scale of 1-10)to both species of Miscanthus.The application of glufosinate ammonium caused severe injuries to the foliar region(90%visual injury)of both Miscanthus sps.Comparatively,M.sinensis showed a slightly higher tolerance to the herbicides nicosulfuron,bentazon and napropamide with 10%visual injury at the recommended dose than M.sacchariflorus.The present study clearly showed that infestation of broadleaf and grass weeds in Miscanthus fields can cause significant damage to the growth and biomass of Miscanthus and applying pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicides effectively controls the high infestation of these weeds.

关键词： miscanthus herbicides weeds biomass chlorophyll visual injury

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GDF15 promotes prostate cancer bone metastasis and colonization through osteoblastic CCL2 and RANKL activation

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Bone Research 2022年第1期10卷 150-164页

作者： Jawed Akhtar Siddiqui Parthasarathy Seshacharyulu Sakthivel Muniyan Ramesh Pothuraju Parvez Khan Raghupathy Vengoji Sanjib Chaudhary Shailendra kumar Maurya Subodh Mukund Lele Maneesh Jain Kaustubh datta Mohd Wasim Nasser Surinder kumar Batra Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA Department of Pathology and Microbiology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA Fred&Pamela Buffett Cancer Center University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198-5870USA Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA

Bone metastases occur in patients with advanced-stage prostate cancer(PCa). The cell-cell interaction between PCa and the bone microenvironment forms a vicious cycle that modulates the bone microenvironment, increases bone deformities, and drives tumor growth in the bone. However, the molecular mechanisms of PCa-mediated modulation of the bone microenvironment are complex and remain poorly defined. Here, we evaluated growth differentiation factor-15(GDF15) function using in vivo preclinical PCa-bone metastasis mouse models and an in vitro bone cell coculture system. Our results suggest that PCa-secreted GDF15 promotes bone metastases and induces bone microarchitectural alterations in a preclinical xenograft model. Mechanistic studies revealed that GDF15 increases osteoblast function and facilitates the growth of PCa in bone by activating osteoclastogenesis through osteoblastic production of CCL2 and RANKL and recruitment of osteomacs. Altogether, our findings demonstrate the critical role of GDF15 in the modulation of the bone microenvironment and subsequent development of PCa bone metastasis.

关键词： GDF15 metastasis RANKL

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Heat Transfer and Thermal Characteristics Effects on Moving Plate Impinging from Cu-Water Nanofluid Jet

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Journal of Thermal Science 2020年第1期29卷 182-193页

作者： datta Abanti kumar Sonal HALDER Pabitra Department of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology

The present article is focused on modelling of flow and heat transfer behaviour of Cu-water nanofluid in a confined slot jet impingement on hot moving plate.Different parameters such as various moving plate velocities,nanoparticles at various concentrations,variation in turbulent Reynolds number and jet nozzle to plate distance have been considered to study the flow field and convective heat transfer performance of the system.Results of distribution of local and average Nusselt number and skin friction coefficients at the plate surface are shown to elucidate the heat transfer and fluid flow process.Qualitative analysis of both stream function and isotherm contours are carried out to perceive the flow pattern and heat transfer mechanism due to moving plate.The results revealed that average Nusselt number significantly rises with plate velocity in addition with jet inlet Reynolds number.Correlations of the average Nusselt numbers are presented.

关键词： Cu-water nanofluid,multiphase mixture model moving plate jet impingement CFD

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Inhibition of the emergence of multi drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus by Withania somnifera root extracts

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第11期4卷 917-920页

作者： Shuvo datta Nishith kumar Pal Ashoke kumar Nandy Department of Microbiology School of Tropical MedicineKolkata-700 073India Department of Microbiology IPGMER244 AJC Rose Road(UCM Building)Kolkata-700 020India Department of Clinical & Experimental Pharmacology School of Tropical MedicineKolkata-700073India

Objective:To search systematically for an alternative therapy with compounds particularly from plant origin.Methods:Efficacy test of different root extracts of Withania somnifera(W. somnifera)(L) Dunal against multi drug resistant(MDR) Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus) variants was performed following the agar well diffusion method.Evaluation of susceptibility pattern of the isolates was carried out by employing disk diffusion method using standard antibiotic disks. Results:In vitro study with W.somnifera root extracts was found to be effective against all the MDR S.aureus strains isolated from local and patient sources.Different root extracts of WS showed different degree of effectiveness against the isolates.Conclusions:The major active principles responsible for the antibacterial efficacy were mainly present in methanol(MeOH) extract and ethanol(EtOH) extracts as well as in butanol(BuOH) extract fraction.Amongst all the extracts the BuOH fraction was found to be most active against all the isolates but aqueous extract was the least active one.Finally it may be concluded that the antimicrobials from W.somnifera may raise an alternative therapy for MDR staphylococcal infections in near future.

关键词： Withania somnifera Antibacterial activity MDR Staphylococcus aureus

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Effects of patch size, disturbances on diversity and structural traits of tropical semi-evergreen forest in the lowland Indo Burma hotspot: implication on conservation of the threatened tree species

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Journal of Mountain Science 2016年第8期13卷 1397-1410页

作者： Koushik MAJUMDAR Badal kumar datta Plant Taxonomy and Biodiversity Laboratory Department of Botany Tripura University

Information on geographic distribution, population and threat status of most globally red listed species in the Indo Burma zone are inadequate. Given the increase in the prevalence of isolated forest patches in the part of this hotspot, evaluation is necessary on how size of the remnant forest patches and on-going disturbances affects structure and diversity of remaining habitats including the population of some globally threatened tree species. Quantitative vegetation inventory by 500 m long and 10 m wide(0.5 ha) line transects were randomly set in nine fragmented tropical semi-evergreen forest patches in Tripura, Northeast India. The studied forests patches grouped into small, medium and large based on their respected sizes. Spatial variability was analysed in woody species diversity and structure along the patch size gradients and their response to both patch size and anthropogenic disturbances. Out of 167 species, 13 identified as red-listed species by IUCN under the present inventory. Most of the diversity and structural parameters showed statistically significant positive response with the forest patch size, except for stand dominance, disturbance, sapling density and number of aggregated distribution pattern decreased when patch size increased. In addition, most of the diversity and structural attributes showed negative response with disturbances. Present baseline data would serve as an effective tool for management and protection of this important forest type. Future habitat restoration programme and strategies for relocation of additional population and re-introduction of those globally threatened trees are recommended.

关键词：物种多样性斑块大小常绿阔叶林结构特征干扰影响树种保护印度热带

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Comparative study of green peas using with blanching & without blanching techniques

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2019年第2期6卷 285-296页

作者： Om Prakash Pandey bimal kumar Mishra Ashok Misra Department of Mechanical Engineering Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraRanchiIndia Department of Mathematics Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraRanchiIndia

This paper attempts to analyze the kinetics involved in the drying of green peas in‘with blanching’and‘without blanching’techniques.Blanching by hot water mixed with a solution of citric acid(0.1–0.2 mg/ml)at 70C–100C is the treatment provided to the samples of green peas.Experimental analysis shows that the moisture content in green peas of three different sizes is reduced at different temperatures and demonstrates the effect of the rate of drying of the moisture content.Under different diameters and temperatures,the parameters are analyzed using‘with blanching’and‘without blanching’techniques.It is observed that‘with blanching’process plays a significant role in the reduction of moisture content under different temperatures and diameters in a lesser time as compared to‘without blanching’.The operative activation energy and moisture diffusivity are described by using Fick’s law of diffusion.The calculation of effective moisture diffusivity can be done via the utilization of slope.The drying data is subjected to two models of mathematical nature:Simple Exponential model,and Page model.The performance of these models is examined by means of comparing the coefficient of determination(R2),chi-square(v2)and root mean square error(RMSE)between the experimental and forecasted value of moisture ratio obtained‘with blanching’and‘without blanching’.The experimental data was seen to be in accordance with the Page model.The comparisons of energy consumption,energy efficiency and also the cost of the drying processes for‘with blanching’and‘without blanching’have been accomplished to optimize and reduce process condition and the cost of the process,respectively.

关键词： Hot air drying Green peas Drying kinetics Blanching Fluidized bed dryer

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GC-MS analysis of volatile compounds of Perilla frutescens Britton var. Japonica accessions: morphological and seasonal variability

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第7期10卷 705-714页

作者： bimal kumar Ghimire Ji Hye Yoo Chang Yeon Yu Ill-Min Chung Department of Applied Life Science Konkuk University Bioherb Research Institute Kangwon National University

Objective: To investigate the composition of volatile compounds in the different accessions of Perilla frutescens(P. frutescens) collected from various habitats of China and Japan. Methods: In the present study, the essential oil from the leaves of P. frutescens cultivars from China and Japan was extracted by hydro-distillation and the chemical composition and concentration of the volatile components present in the oils were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS) analysis. Results: Among the volatile components, the major proportion was of perilla ketone, which was followed by elemicin and beta-caryophyllene in the Chinese Perilla cultivars. The main component in the oil extracted from the Japanese accessions was myristicin, which was followed by perilla ketone and beta-caryophyllene. We could distinguish seven chemotypes, namely the perilla ketone(PK) type, perilla ketone, myristicin(PM) type, perilla ketone, unknown(PU) type, perilla ketone, beta-caryophyllene, myristicine(PB) type, perilla ketone, myristicin, unknown(PMU) type, perilla ketone, elemicine, myristicin, beta-caryophyllene(PEMB) type, and the perilla ketone, limonene, betacryophyllene, myristicin(L) type. Most of the accessions possessed higher essential oil content before the flowering time than at the flowering stage. The average plant height, leaf length, leaf width of the Chinese accessions was higher than those of the Japanese accessions. Conclusion:The results revealed that the harvest time and geographical origin caused polymorphisms in the essential oil composition and morphological traits in the Perilla accessions originating from China and Japan. Therefore, these chemotypes with desirable characters might be useful for industrial exploitation and for determining the harvest time.

关键词： Perilla frutescens Essential oil GC–MS analysis Morphological character Harvesting time

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