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Evaluation of Pre-Emergence and Post-Emergence Herbicides for Weed Management in Miscanthus sacchariflorus and Miscanthus sinensis

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第5期92卷 1439-1467页

作者： bimal kumar ghimire Chang Yeon Yu Seung Hyun Kim Ill Min Chung Department of Crop Science College of Sanghuh Life ScienceKonkuk UniversitySeoul05029Korea Bioherb Research Institute Kangwon National UniversityChuncheon24341Kore

Miscanthus,is a promising bioenergy crop,considered superior to other bioenergy crops because of its higher water and nutrient use efficiency,cold tolerance,and higher production of *** weeds and grass weeds,cause major problems in the Miscanthus field.A field experiment was conducted in 2018 and 2019,to assess the effects of pre-emergence(alachlor and napropamide)and post-emergence herbicides(nicosulfuron,dicamba,bentazon,and glufosinate ammonium)on broadleaf and grass weeds in *** and *** *** weed control efficiency and phytotoxicity of pre-and post-emergence herbicides were evaluated at 30 days after treatment(DAT)and compared to those of the control *** results showed wide variations in the susceptibility of the weed species to the treated *** with nicosulfuron 40 ***^(-1) provided the most effective overall weed control(with 10%visual injury),without affecting the height and biomass of neither Miscanthus species in the ***-emergence herbicides such as glufosinate ammonium 400 ***^(-1) and dicamba 482 ***^(-1) were effective and inhibited the growth and density of the majority of weeds to a 100%;however,they showed significant phytotoxicity(toxicity scale of 1-10)to both species of *** application of glufosinate ammonium caused severe injuries to the foliar region(90%visual injury)of both Miscanthus ***,*** showed a slightly higher tolerance to the herbicides nicosulfuron,bentazon and napropamide with 10%visual injury at the recommended dose than *** present study clearly showed that infestation of broadleaf and grass weeds in Miscanthus fields can cause significant damage to the growth and biomass of Miscanthus and applying pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicides effectively controls the high infestation of these weeds.

关键词： miscanthus herbicides weeds biomass chlorophyll visual injury

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GC-MS analysis of volatile compounds of Perilla frutescens Britton var. Japonica accessions: morphological and seasonal variability

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第7期10卷 705-714页

作者： bimal kumar ghimire Ji Hye Yoo Chang Yeon Yu Ill-Min Chung Department of Applied Life Science Konkuk University Bioherb Research Institute Kangwon National University

Objective: To investigate the composition of volatile compounds in the different accessions of Perilla frutescens(P. frutescens) collected from various habitats of China and Japan. Methods: In the present study, the essential oil from the leaves of P. frutescens cultivars from China and Japan was extracted by hydro-distillation and the chemical composition and concentration of the volatile components present in the oils were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry(GC–MS) analysis. Results: Among the volatile components, the major proportion was of perilla ketone, which was followed by elemicin and beta-caryophyllene in the Chinese Perilla cultivars. The main component in the oil extracted from the Japanese accessions was myristicin, which was followed by perilla ketone and beta-caryophyllene. We could distinguish seven chemotypes, namely the perilla ketone(PK) type, perilla ketone, myristicin(PM) type, perilla ketone, unknown(PU) type, perilla ketone, beta-caryophyllene, myristicine(PB) type, perilla ketone, myristicin, unknown(PMU) type, perilla ketone, elemicine, myristicin, beta-caryophyllene(PEMB) type, and the perilla ketone, limonene, betacryophyllene, myristicin(L) type. Most of the accessions possessed higher essential oil content before the flowering time than at the flowering stage. The average plant height, leaf length, leaf width of the Chinese accessions was higher than those of the Japanese accessions. Conclusion:The results revealed that the harvest time and geographical origin caused polymorphisms in the essential oil composition and morphological traits in the Perilla accessions originating from China and Japan. Therefore, these chemotypes with desirable characters might be useful for industrial exploitation and for determining the harvest time.

关键词： Perilla frutescens Essential oil GC–MS analysis Morphological character Harvesting time

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Comparative study of green peas using with blanching & without blanching techniques

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2019年第2期6卷 285-296页

作者： Om Prakash Pandey bimal kumar Mishra Ashok Misra Department of Mechanical Engineering Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraRanchiIndia Department of Mathematics Birla Institute of TechnologyMesraRanchiIndia

This paper attempts to analyze the kinetics involved in the drying of green peas in‘with blanching’and‘without blanching’*** by hot water mixed with a solution of citric acid(0.1–0.2 mg/ml)at 70C–100C is the treatment provided to the samples of green *** analysis shows that the moisture content in green peas of three different sizes is reduced at different temperatures and demonstrates the effect of the rate of drying of the moisture *** different diameters and temperatures,the parameters are analyzed using‘with blanching’and‘without blanching’*** is observed that‘with blanching’process plays a significant role in the reduction of moisture content under different temperatures and diameters in a lesser time as compared to‘without blanching’.The operative activation energy and moisture diffusivity are described by using Fick’s law of *** calculation of effective moisture diffusivity can be done via the utilization of *** drying data is subjected to two models of mathematical nature:Simple Exponential model,and Page *** performance of these models is examined by means of comparing the coefficient of determination(R2),chi-square(v2)and root mean square error(RMSE)between the experimental and forecasted value of moisture ratio obtained‘with blanching’and‘without blanching’.The experimental data was seen to be in accordance with the Page *** comparisons of energy consumption,energy efficiency and also the cost of the drying processes for‘with blanching’and‘without blanching’have been accomplished to optimize and reduce process condition and the cost of the process,respectively.

关键词： Hot air drying Green peas Drying kinetics Blanching Fluidized bed dryer

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Predicting the impact of climate change on the distribution of two threatened Himalayan medicinal plants of Liliaceae in Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第3期14卷 558-570页

作者： RANA Santosh kumar RANA Hum Kala ghimire Suresh Kulllar SHRESTHA Krishna kumar RANJITKAR Sailesh Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of EastAsia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Central Department of Botany Tribhuvan UniversityKirtipurKathmanduNepal World Agroforestry Centre East and Central Asia 132 Lanhei RdHeilongtanKunming 650201China

Predicting the potential distribution of medicinal plants in response to climate change is essential for their conservation and management. Contributing to the management program, this study aimed to predict the distribution of two threatened medicinal plants, Fritillaria cirrhosa and Lilium nepalense. The location of focal species gathered from herbarium specimen housed in different herbaria and online databases were geo-referenced and checked for spatial autocorrelation. The predictive environmental variables were selected, and MaxEnt software was used to model the current and future distributions of focal species. Four Representative Concentration Pathway （RCP） trajectories of the BCC-CSMI.1 model were used as the future （2050） projection layer. The MaxEnt modelling delineated the potential distribution of F. cirrhosa and L. nepalense. The current suitability is projected towards Central and Eastern Hilly/Mountainous regions. Both species gain maximum suitability in RCP 4.5 which decline towards other trajectories for L. nepalense. Overall, both the focal species shift towards the north-west, losing their potential habitat in hilly and lower mountainous regions by 2050 across all trajectories. Our results highlight the impact of future climate change on two threatened and valuable species. The results can be further useful to initiate farming of these medicinally and economically important species based on climatically suitable zone and for designing a germplasm conservation strategy.

关键词： Commercial exploitation Conservation Lily Fritillaria cirrhosa Lilium nepalense MaxEntmodelling Species distribution

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Socio-scientific quantification of the comprehensive benefits of debris flow mitigation measures for villages in western Sichuan, China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第5期21卷 1598-1612页

作者： DENG Ting XU Pei LI Ming LU Yafeng WANG Yukuan LI Zhengyang SHRAVAN kumar ghimire Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610299China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Debris flow hazards seriously threaten thesafety and sustainable development of mountainousareas. Numerous debris flow mitigation measures havebeen implemented worldwide;however, acomprehensive assessment of the specific disasterreduction effects of these measures and their economic,social and ecological benefits is yet to be *** western region of Sichuan Province frequentlysuffers from geohazards such as debris flow, and thegovernment has adopted many mitigation *** study assessed the benefits of debris flowmitigation measures and identified the key influencingfactors via a field-based study conducted in 81 villagesin western Sichuan province, China. A framework forthe evaluation of the benefits of rural debris flowmitigation measures was constructed andquantitatively evaluated using a survey. Snowballsampling was performed to recruit 81 village leadersand 468 farmers. The results showed that managementand engineering measures were the main methodsused to mitigate debris flow;ecological measures wereauxiliary. The average satisfaction scores of farmers forthese three types of measures were 4.07, 3.90, and 3.56,respectively (as measured on a five-point Likert scale).In contrast, in terms of the benefits of these mitigationmeasures, only a small proportion of villages (11.11%)obtained a high level of comprehensive benefits fromthe debris flow mitigation measures, while the majority(88.89%) received medium to low-level benefits. Toimprove this situation, we further studied and foundthat the main factors that restricted villages fromachieving high-level comprehensive benefits were theunpredictable nature of debris flows, labour forceoutflow and remoteness. Effective control measures, agood economic environment and strong governmentassistance were reported as crucial factors forimproving these comprehensive benefits. This studyprovides socio-scientific references for decisionmakingon rural debris flow mitigation measures while keeping villages at the

关键词： Mitigation measures Comprehensive benefit evaluation Debris flow Mountain development Rural areas

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Clinical uses of ligasure vessel sealing system (LVSS) in surgery

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Journal of Nanjing Medical University 2008年第2期22卷 102-106页

作者： bimal kumar Sah Department of Urology Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to South East UniversityNanjing 210009NanjingChina

This article provides the efficacy of the new device, Ligasure Vessel Sealing System（LVSS） for achieving hemostasis. LVSS is an alternative to suture ligatures, hemoclips, staplers, for ligating vessels and tissue bundles. This new device seals the vessels up to 7 mm in diameter by denaturing collagen and elastin within vessel wall and surrounding connective tissue.

关键词： ultrasonic coagulation bipolar coagulation ligasure vessel sealing system bipolar cautery

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EVALUATION OF EROSION PRODUCTIVITY IMPACT CALCULATOR (EPIC) MODEL FOR MIDDLE MOUNTAIN REGION OF NEPAL

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2004年第2期19卷 106-122页

作者： Sohan kumar ghimire,Mukand Singh BABEL Civil Engineer Department of Irrigation Ministry of Water Resources Kathmandu Nepal Associate Professor Water Engineering and Management Asian Institute of Technology P.O. Box 4 Klong Luang

This study verifies the applicability of EPIC model for an erosion plot （61 .2 m2） and an uplandterraced watershed （72 ha） using a total of 94 rainfall events over a study period of two years. Inorder to analyze the effect of storm size on runoff and soil loss processes, rainfall events aredivided into three groups: small （50mm）. Resultsindicate that the model could predict reasonably well the runoff and soil loss from the erosion plotand the watershed for the moderate and large rainfall events. However, the runoff and soil lossprediction for the small rainfall events is found to be poor. On annual basis, both surface runoff andsoil loss predictions match well the observations. In ligh of the importance of the moderate andlarge rainfall events in producing most of the annual runoff and soil loss in the study area, the EPICmodel is applied to assess the impacts of erosion on agricultural productivity and to evaluatemanagement practices to protect watersheds in the

关键词： EPIC Watershed modeling Surface runoff Terraces Erosion plot Soil loss Productivity Nepal

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腹腔镜阑尾切除术和开腹阑尾切除术的临床对比研究

腹腔镜阑尾切除术和开腹阑尾切除术的临床对比研究

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作者： bimal kumar Singh 大连医科大学

学位级别：硕士

背景阑尾炎是最常见的急性腹痛的原因。腹腔镜阑尾切除术是一种有效的替代开阑尾切除术。是微创导致更少的术后疼痛,伤口感染,早期恢复正常工作和开阑尾切除术相比减少发病率。两种手术方法安全,但有争议的手术是最合适的。.目的比较腹... 详细信息

背景阑尾炎是最常见的急性腹痛的原因。腹腔镜阑尾切除术是一种有效的替代开阑尾切除术。是微创导致更少的术后疼痛,伤口感染,早期恢复正常工作和开阑尾切除术相比减少发病率。两种手术方法安全,但有争议的手术是最合适的。.目的比较腹腔镜阑尾切除术和开腹的阑尾切除术两种手术方式的优劣。Method本研究回顾性分析了从2016年2月到2018年4月185例急性阑尾炎患者所有患者均通过全血细胞计数(CBC)、X线、超声及CT扫描以及Alvarado评分大于7分诊断,根据不同的手术方式将患者分为两组,腹腔镜阑尾切除术组(LA)和开腹阑尾切除术组(OA),通过比较手术时间、术后并发症、手术花费、住院时间来比较两种术式的优劣。结果在185例患者中,90例行开腹阑尾切除术,95例行腹腔镜阑尾切除术,其中2例患者因腹腔镜中转开腹手术而被排除。腹腔镜阑尾切除术组患者平均手术时间为(1.00±.418)小時,开腹手术组患者平均手术时间为(0.50±.266)小時(p<0.05).两种手术方式的手术时间没有有显著差异.腹腔镜阑尾切除术组平均住院时间为(4.10±0.972)天,开腹阑尾切除术组平均住院时间为(5.08±1.47)天(p<0.05).腹腔镜组阑尾切除术平均手术费用(8661.90±1217.40)元,开腹阑尾炎切除术平均手术费用(5259.15±137.10)元.(p<0.05).开腹手术组相对于腹腔镜组手术花费更少。LA组并发症发生率(0.10±0.10)明显低于OA组(0.66±0.25)(P=0.00)。(P<0.05),差异有统计学意义.结论與開腹闌尾切除術相比,腹腔鏡闌尾切除術組傷口感染髮生率低,術後鎮痛要求低,住院時間短。儘管腹腔鏡闌尾切除術的手術時間和費用比較多,但它可以作為急性闌尾炎手術治療的最佳質量水平。

关键词：阑尾切除术腹腔镜阑尾切除术开腹阑尾切除

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Clinical Analysis of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Presenting in Oral & Maxillofacial Region

Clinical Analysis of Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Presenting in Or...

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作者： Subhash kumar ghimire 大连医科大学

学位级别：硕士

Objective: Non-hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) refers to a group of malignant neoplasms that arise from cellular elements of lymphoid or extranodal tissue. Lymphomas are a frequent cause of malignant lymphadenopathy in the head &neck. The head &neck is the second must frequent anatomical site of extranodal lymphomas after gastrointestinal tract. That’s why dental & maxillofacial surgeon should be aware of malignant lymphoma to diagnose properly & efficiently. This study was performed to evaluate oral & maxillofacial region manifestations, staging, grading and prognosis of NHL.Materials & Method: A retrospective analysis or review of 25patients with oral &maxillofacial region lymphoma was made in our hospital (Dalian Medical University, Stomatology Department of First Affiliated hospital) from 2002jan to 2006 august .Specifically, clinical presentation, staging, grading & therapy for NHL with oral &maxillofacial region involvement were sought. Staging was done according to the Ann Arbor staging system and diagnosis made by immunohistochemistry.Result: 25 patients of NHL were included in our study, among them 20(80%) patients with extra nodal (eNHL) &5(20%) patients with nodal (NHL) involvement. The incidence rate increases exponentially with age between 24 and 79 years. The median age at the diagnosis of the patients was *** above 50 years were 72%.Male (60%) is slightly more than female (40%). Among 20 patients, NHL of Waldeyer’s ring was the most frequent site occurring in 10 patients (50%) followed by NHL of oral cavity (20%), of salivary glands (30%). Constitutional B symptomatology was uncommon, occurring in 25% patients. The typical clinical appearance is a painless local mass lateral or bilateral (90%) and confused with squamous cell carcinoma. Most of the non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma was B-cell lineage (90%), & overall diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (76%) was the most common type. Mostly patients involving non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in oral &

关键词： non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma oral &maxillofacial neoplasms immunohistochemistry Ann Arbor staging system constitutional B symptom Ann Arbor system working formulation Waldeyer’s ring

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Evaluating active leprosy case identifcation methods in six districts of Nepal

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 105-106页

作者： Ram kumar Mahato Uttam ghimire Madhav Lamsal Bijay Bajracharya Mukesh Poudel Prashnna Napit Krishna Lama Gokarna Dahal David T.S.Hayman Ajit kumar Karna Basu Dev Pandey Chuman Lal Das Krishna Prasad Paudel Epidemiology and Disease Control Division Department of Health Services Ministry of Health and Population Kathmandu Nepal Epidemiology and Disease Control Division-Malaria Program Management Unit- SCI-GF Kathmandu Nepal Leprosy Control & Disability Management Section EPidemiology and Disease Control Division DoHS Kathmandu Nepal Lalgadh Leprosy Hospital & Service Center Nepal Leprosy Trust Lalgadh Nepal Molecular Epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory Infectious Disease Research Centre Hopkirk Research Institute Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand Center for Health and Disease Studies-Nepal Kathmandu Nepal DEJIMA Infectious Disease Research Alliance Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan

Background Nepal has achieved and sustained the elimination of leprosy as a public health problem since 2009,but 17 districts and 3 provinces with 41%(10,907,128)of Nepal’s population have yet to eliminate the *** cases and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)indicate recent transmission and late diagnosis,respectively,which necessitate active and early case *** operational research was performed to identify approaches best suited for early case detection,determine community-based leprosy epidemiology,and identify hidden leprosy cases early and respond with prompt *** Active case detection was undertaken in two Nepali provinces with the greatest burden of leprosy,Madhesh Province(40%national cases)and Lumbini Province(18%)and at-risk prison populations in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati *** detection was performed by(1)house-to-house visits among vulnerable populations(n=26,469);(2)contact examination and tracing(n=7608);in Madhesh and Lumbini Provinces and,(3)screening prison populations(n=4428)in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati Provinces of *** case direct medical and nonmedical costs for each approach were *** New case detection rates were highest for contact tracing(250),followed by house-to-house visits(102)and prison screening(45)per 100,000 population ***,the cost per case identifed was cheapest for house-to-house visits[Nepalese rupee(NPR)76,500/case],followed by contact tracing(NPR 90,286/case)and prison screening(NPR 298,300/case).House-to-house and contact tracing case paucibacillary/multibacillary(PB:MB)ratios were 59:41 and 68:32;female/male ratios 63:37 and 57:43;pediatric cases 11%in both approaches;and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)11%and 5%,*** leprosy was not signifcantly diferent among household and neighbor contacts[odds ratios(OR)=1.4,95%confdence interval(CI):0.24-5.85]and for contacts of MB versus PB cases(OR=0.7,95%CI 0.26-2.0).Attack rates were not signifcantly d

关键词： Leprosy Early case detection Community-based epidemiology Hidden case New case detection rate Attack rate Cost per case identifed Nepal

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