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Community perspectives on the effectiveness of watershed management institutions in the Himalayas

Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第4期21卷 1119-1139页

作者： Nisha SILWAL Nabin dhungana Rajan SUBEDI Suraj UPADHAYA Chun-Hung LEE Natural Resources Conservation Nepal(NRCN) ChitwanP.O.Box 44200Nepal Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Studies College of Environmental StudiesNational Dong Hwa UniversityHualien 97401Chinese Taipei Institute of Forestry Tribhuvan UniversityPokharaP.O.Box 43Nepal School of Agriculture and Natural Resources Kentucky State UniversityFrankfortKY 40601USA Himalayan Conservation and Research Institute DolpaP.O.Box 21400Nepal

The sustainability of environmental management initiatives,such as watershed management programs,relies on the presence of effective institutions at the watershed ***,there needs to be more empirical evidence from evaluating the effectiveness of watershed-level ***,this study presents a pioneering effort to evaluate the effectiveness of Nepal’s first watershed conservation committee at the watershed scale,focusing on the case of the Khageri Khola watershed in Central *** study involved conducting a household survey,key informant interviews,focus group discussions,and field observations to collect and analyze the *** analysis,index value calculation,and chi-square statistics were then employed to summarize the results regarding local respondents’perceptions of twelve institutional characteristics,their rationalities,and their association with socio-demographic *** results reveal that the watershed conservation committee was perceived as performing well in managing the ***,good interaction,appropriate scale,technical,environmental,social,organizational,and government rationality were perceived as highly effective,with an average index value of less than *** contrast,clarity of objectives and economic rationality showed moderate effectiveness,with an average index value ranging from 0.36 to ***,the results suggested that adaptiveness,compliance capacity,and financial rationality merit increased attention,intending to improve their ***,the results showed the association of socio-demographics with respondents’perceptions of various indicators of institutional characteristics and their ***,the study provides valuable insights for policymakers,researchers,and development practitioners charged with designing sustainable and effective programs and *** enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of watershed management programs,we recommen

关键词： Watershed Watershed institutions Indicators Institutional characteristics Rationalities Nepal.

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Digital Portable Weather Station Monitoring System Using Arduino Uno

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Semiconductor Science and Information Devices 2021年第1期3卷 33-40页

作者： bibek dhungana Mahesh Sharma Rajesh Shrestha Tri-Chandra Multiple College TUGhantagharNepal

The temperature,humidity,atmospheric pressure and altitude are the most important parameters of the *** those parameters are known,it will help to select the best crops for specific location which increases the productivity in agricultural *** is very useful for countries like Nepal where the most of people in this country depends on *** this research,an Arduino based device is constructed which measures those parameters and record the data in real *** DHT22 and BMP180 sensors are used for measuring those parameters whereas RTC and SD Card module is used to record the data in real *** can be displayed on LCD and serial monitor of computer or *** data were collected at Tri-Chandra Multiple College,Ghantaghar and at Gaurighat,Chabahil with the help of Arduino based *** this project,the digital portable weather station monitoring system has been designed and data from this device compared with the data obtained from HTC-2 standard device and error analysis has been done.

关键词： Temperature Humidity Pressure Altitude Arduino UNO LCD

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Medical and surgical approach to ocular surface reconstruction

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Annals of Eye Science 2024年第1期9卷 43-59页

作者： Daniella Lent-Schochet Asim dhungana Inae Jang Kim Hassan Shah Asim V.Farooq Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science University of ChicagoChicagoILUSA

Ocular surface disease(OSD)can have a severe impact on patients as it can lead to visual impairment and persistent *** surface reconstruction(OSR)is an approach to the management of ocular diseases that cause structural damage to the ocular *** encompasses both medical and surgical treatment *** this review,we discuss the medical and surgical strategies used in *** management often aims to treat tear insufficiency,inflammation,and *** treatments may be employed for a variety of reasons,including failure of medical *** may include improving the oculo-palpebral structures in order to improve lid positioning and tear *** therapies focus on improving tear production,such as through salivary gland *** situations where the ocular surface is so severely damaged that there is loss of limbal stem cells,limbal stem cell transplant(LSCT)may be *** surgeries such as amniotic membrane transplant(AMT)and conjunctival flaps(CFs)can help promote corneal ***,in severe situations where the cornea is beyond salvage,corneal transplantation,such as a penetrating keratoplasty(PKP),can be *** often requires a combination of medical and surgical approaches targeted to each specific patient’s presentation in order to achieve optimal outcomes.

关键词： Ocular surface reconstruction(OSR) ocular surface disease(OSD) amniotic membrane transplant(AMT) limbal stem cell transplant(LSCT) eyelid reconstruction

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Alignment Techniques in Total Knee Arthroplasty:Where do We Stand Today?

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2024年第3期39卷 224-233页

作者： Hemanta dhungana Subhash Jangid Meghal Goyal Department of Orthopedics Fortis HospitalGurgaonHaryanaIndia

Achieving optimal alignment in total knee arthroplasty(TKA)is a critical factor in ensuring optimal outcomes and long-term implant ***,mechanical alignment has been favored to achieve neutral post-operative joint ***,contemporary approaches,such as kinematic alignments and hybrid techniques including adjusted mechanical,restricted kinematic,inverse kinematic,and functional alignments,are gaining attention for their ability to restore native joint kinematics and anatomical alignment,potentially leading to enhanced functional outcomes and greater patient *** ongoing debate on optimal alignment strategies considers the following factors:long-term implant durability,functional improvement,and resolution of individual anatomical ***,advancements of computer-navigated and robotic-assisted surgery has augmented the precision in implant positioning and objective measurements of soft tissue *** ongoing debates on balancing implant longevity and functional outcomes,there is an increasing advocacy for personalized alignment strategies that are tailored to individual anatomical *** review evaluates the spectrum of various alignment techniques in TKA,including mechanical alignment,patient-specific kinematic approaches,and emerging hybrid *** technique is scrutinized based on its fundamental principles,procedural techniques,inherent advantages,and potential limitations,while identifying significant clinical gaps that underscore the need for further investigation.

关键词： total knee arthroplasty hybrid alignment functional alignment kinematic alignment alignment axes anatomical alignment mechanical alignment

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Rural coping and adaptation strategies for climate change by Himalayan communities in Nepal

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第6期17卷 1462-1474页

作者： Nabin dhungana Nisha SILWAL Suraj UPADHAYA Chiranjeewee KHADKA Sunil Kumar REGMI Dipesh JOSHI Samjhana ADHIKARI CARE Nepal Central Office 4/288 SAMATA BhawanDhobighatP.0 Box 1661LalitpurNepal Institute of Forestry Pokhara CampusPokharaP.O.Box 33700Nepal Himalayan Conservation and Research Institute DunaiDolpaP.O.Box 21400Nepal Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50010USA Global Change Research Institute Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicLipova 937005 Ceske BudejoviceCzech Republic Winrock International Nepal.House#Kha 194 P.O.Box 8975SanepaLalitpurNepal WWF Nepal P.0.Box 7660 BaluwatarKathmanduNepal Department of Forests District Forest OfficeChitwanP.O.Box 44200Nepal

Climate change has major impacts on the livelihoods of forest-dependent *** unpredictable weather conditions in rural Nepal have been attributed to a changing *** study explored the climate change adaptation and coping strategies that rural communities adopt for the conservation of natural resources and livelihoods in the mid-hills of *** paper explored major climatic hazards,assessed different coping and adaptation measures,and barrier faced to climate change adaptation based on perceptions by forest-dependent *** conducted focus group discussions,questionnaire surveys,and semistructured interviews with local communities and *** results showed that rural communities had experienced significant impacts of climate change and *** response,they are practicing diverse coping and adaptation strategies,including the construction of bioengineering structures and planting different species that grow quickly and establish promptly.

关键词： Climate Change Community Forest Users Group Index of Usefulness of Practices for Adaptation(IUPA) Adaptation Measures

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Studying the efficacy of isolation as a control strategy and elimination of tuberculosis in India:A mathematical model

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第2期8卷 458-470页

作者： Archana Singh Bhadauria Hom Nath dhungana Vinay Verma Stephen Woodcock Tapan Rai Department of Mathematics and Statistics Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur UniversityIndia School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences University of Technology SydneyAustralia Faculty of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Institute of Natural Sciences and HumanitiesShri Ramswaroop Memorial UniversityUttar PradeshIndia

India has the highest burden of both tuberculosis(TB)and multidrug-resistant TB(MDRTB)based on the WHO Global TB Report *** the available data suggest that the total TB incidence has declined,the absolute number of new cases is still *** number of reported TB cases in India in 2018 was 2.2 million,which was 1.5 million in *** 47%increment in TB case notification in India within a decade shows a persistent public health *** contributes about 22%of the World's TB *** National Strategic Plan 2017e2025,sets out the government plans to eliminate TB by ***,the milestone seems unrealistic to achieve the TB eradication goal by *** developed a five-dimensional mathematical model to understand the TB dynamics in India and investigate the possibility of the earliest TB eradication time *** model stratifies the entire TB class into three different classes as drug-sensitive(DS),MDR,and isolated *** effective reproduction number,equilibrium points,and stability analysis of the model were carried *** model predicts the total estimated cases of DS-TB and MDR-TB from 2018 to 2035 through numerical simulation and suggests that TB may be eliminated by 2035 in India if the treatment success rate could be achieved to 95%,by contact tracing and isolating at least 50%of MDR-TB.

关键词： Multi-drug resistant Drug-sensitive Isolation Reproduction number Mathematical modelling

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Etiology for Degenerative Disc Disease

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Chinese Medical Sciences Journal 2016年第3期31卷 185-191页

作者： dhungana Hemanta Xiao-xing Jiang Zhen-zhou Feng Zi-xian Chen Yuan-wu Cao Department of Orthopedics Zhongshan HospitalFudan University

Degenerative disc disease is a multifaceted progressive irreversible condition and an inevitable part of aging,which has been found to be a contributing factor for low back pain and might cause radiculopathy,myelopathy,spinal stenosis,degenerative spondylolisthesis,and *** etiology is complex and *** genetics influence more dominant,the occupational and mechanical influences still persist as a major risk *** review emphasizes up-to-date knowledge regarding etiology of disc degeneration with special consideration on occupational,lifestyle factors,and genetic polymorphisms.

关键词： degenerative intervertebral disc disease cervical spine genetics back pain

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Effect of plasma treatment on the seed germination and seedling growth of radish(Raphanus sativus)

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Plasma Science and Technology 2022年第1期24卷 95-107页

作者： Rajesh Prakash GURAGAIN Hom Bahadur BANIYA Santosh dhungana Ganesh Kuwar CHHETRI Binita SEDHAI Niroj BASNET Aavash SHAKYA Bishnu Prasad PANDEY Suman Prakash PRADHAN Ujjwal Man JOSHI Deepak Prasad SUBEDI Department of Physics School of SciencesKathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavre 45210Nepal Department of Physics Tri-Chandra Multiple CampusTribhuvan UniversityKathmandu 44600Nepal Department of Chemical Science and Engineering Kathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavre 45210Nepal Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Kathmandu UniversityDhulikhelKavre 45210Nepal

The effect on the germination and seedling growth of radish(Raphanus sativus)seeds were examined employing a dielectric barrier discharge(DBD)at atmospheric pressure and room temperature for various treatment *** plasma using argon gas of flow rate 21 m^(-1)was employed in this *** seeds were treated with DBD plasma for 1-5 min,*** characteristics,seedling growth parameters,the contact angle of the seed coat,water uptake capacity,mass loss,the temperature of the seeds,chlorophyll,and carotenoid contents of the seedlings were measured before and after the DBD plasma *** treatment of radish seeds significantly increased germination-related characters,including germination percentage,fresh and dry weight,vigor index,and total carotenoids ***,the cumulative production rate was found to be *** from the experiment indicate an acceleration in the water uptake of the radish seeds and make the seed surface hydrophilic by plasma *** electron microscopy analysis showed that etching effects on the seed coat occurred after the argon plasma treatments,which affected the wettability of the radish *** experimental findings showed that seeds being treated by DBD plasma for 2 and 3 min had a positive effect on the germination and seedling growth of radish.

关键词： dielectric barrier discharge(DBD) electron temperature electron density germination growth parameters radish seeds

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Comparative assessment of physicochemical properties of unripe peach(Prunus persica) and Japanese apricot(Prunus mume)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第2期4卷 97-103页

作者： Hye-Ryun Kim II-Doo Kim Sanjeev Kumar dhungana Mi-Ok Kim Dong-Hyun Shin Division of Plant Biosciences.School of Plant Biosciences Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 702-701.Korea Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology Kyungpook national universityDaegu 702-701.Korea Department of Hotel Restaurant.Culinary ArtsDaegu Health CollageDaegu 702-722.Korea

Objective:To investigate the physicochemical properties of unripe peach-Pruuns persica ***(Mibaekdo) and Prunus persica *** Hakuho(Nagasawa Hakuho) as an alternative to fowl supplement while Japanese apricot(Prunus mume ***)(Backaha) was used as a control ***:The unripe fruits were analyzed for soluble solid(Brix).titratable ***,total polyphenol content,1,1-diphenyl-2-pierylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activity,amygdalin content,free amino acid content,organic acid content,free sugar content,and α-amylase ***:Total polyphenol content of unripe peach ranged between 137.27-151.64 μg/g whereas that of apricot was 160.73 μg/*** radical scavenging activities of Rackaha was the highest189.16%.) followed by Mibaekdo(85.03%) and Nagasawa Hakuho(41.30%).The highest amount of oxalic acid 1612.8 mg/100 g) was observed in Mibaekdo while that of Nagasawa llakuho and Backaha were(184.6±18.1) and(334.8±16.1) mg/100 g,*** contents of *** Hakuho and Backaha were 486.61,548.60 and 174.28 μg/g,***:The results suggest that the unripe fruit of peach has a significant biochemical potential of using as a food supplement with potential health benefit for human health.

关键词： Amygdalin Japanese apricot(Backaha) Physicochemical properties Unripe peach(Mibaekdo Nagasawa Hakuho)

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不同印模材料和取模技术在口腔固定修复中的精确性研究

不同印模材料和取模技术在口腔固定修复中的精确性研究

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作者： Minu dhungana（段葛娜）华中科技大学

学位级别：硕士

目的：体外评估和对比口腔固定修复中所用印模材料和取模技术的精确性实验材料和方法：本实验首先制造不锈钢母模，尺寸模拟全冠预备后的下颌第一磨牙，母模上近远中和颊舌侧设计检测位点。实验材料和分组如下：一步法硅橡胶印模材料（... 详细信息

目的：体外评估和对比口腔固定修复中所用印模材料和取模技术的精确性实验材料和方法：本实验首先制造不锈钢母模，尺寸模拟全冠预备后的下颌第一磨牙，母模上近远中和颊舌侧设计检测位点。实验材料和分组如下：一步法硅橡胶印模材料（第1组），两步法硅橡胶印模材料（第2组），藻酸盐印模材料/琼脂（第3组）和高清藻酸盐印模材（第4组）。阴模灌注IV型超硬石膏。采用数码千分尺检测母模和石膏模型的尺寸变化（精确至0.001mm）。结果：本实验检测的所有印模材料灌注的石膏模型均较母模显著增大（p <0.05）。和母模相比，石膏模型尺寸变化从最小到最高的组依次是第2组、第1组、第3组和4组（变化最大）。单向方差分析显示不同组间的石膏模型尺寸没有显着差异。对硅橡胶印模技术，两步硅橡胶印模法比一步法更精确。结论：对于本实验所检测的印模材料，当它们按正确的方法使用时，均能提供准确和满意的临床效果。

关键词：印模材料尺寸精度藻酸盐琼脂印模技术硅橡胶

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