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Epigenetic control on transcription of vernalization genes and whole-genome gene expression profile induced by vernalization in common wheat

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Plant Diversity 2024年第3期46卷 386-394页

作者： Yunzhen Li liujie jin Xinyu liu Chao He Siteng bi Sulaiman Saeed Wenhao Yan National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China

Vernalization is necessary for winter wheat to ***,it is unclear whether vernalization is also required for spring wheat,which is frequently sown in fall,and what molecular mechanisms underlie the vernalization response in wheat *** this study,we examined the molecular mechanisms that regulate vernalization response in winter and spring wheat *** this purpose,we determined how major vernalization genes(VRN1,VRN2,and VRN3)respond to vernalization in these varieties and whether modifications to histones play a role in changes in gene *** also identified genes that are differentially regulated in response to vernalization in winter and spring wheat *** found that in winter wheat,but not in spring wheat,VRN1 expression decreases when returned to warm temperature following *** finding may be associated with differences between spring and winter wheat in the levels of tri-methylation of lysine 27 on histone H3(H3K27me3)and tri-methylation of lysine 4 on histone H3(H3K4me3)at the VRN1 *** of winter wheat transcriptomes before and after vernalization revealed that vernalization influences the expression of several genes,including those involved in leucine catabolism,cysteine biosynthesis,and flavonoid *** findings provide new candidates for further study on the mechanism of vernalization regulation in wheat.

关键词： Wheat Vernalization VRN1 Histone modification Regulate network

A new method of calculating crown projection area and its comparative accuracy with conventional calculations for asymmetric tree crowns

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第4期35卷 171-188页

作者： Mingrui Zhang Huiquan bi Xingji jin Michael McLean School of Forestry Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040People’s Republic of China Forest Science NSW Department of Primary IndustriesLevel 304PSQ12 Darcy StreetParramattaNSW 2150Australia School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences The University of MelbourneMelbourne 3010Australia

This paper introduces a new method of calculating crown projection area(CPA),the area of level ground covered by a vertical projection of a tree crown from measured crown radii through numerical interpolation and *** novel method and other four existing methods of calculating CPA were compared using detailed crown radius measurements from 30 tall trees of Eucalyptus pilularis variable in crown size,shape,and *** four existing methods included the polygonal approach and three ways of calculating CPA as the area of a circle using the arithmetic,geometric and quadratic mean *** were made across a sequence of eight non-consecutive numbers(from 2 to 16)of measured crown radii for each tree over the range of crown asymmetry of the 30 trees through generalized linear models and multiple comparisons of *** sequence covered the range of the number of crown radii measured for calculating the CPA of a tree in the literature.A crown asymmetry index within the unit interval was calculated for each tree to serve as a normative *** a slight overestimation of 2.2%on average and an overall mean error size of 7.9%across the numbers of crown radii that were compared,our new method was the least biased and most *** CPA as a circle using the quadratic mean crown radius was the second best,which had an average overestimation of 4.5%and overall mean error size of 8.8%.These two methods remained by and large unbiased as crown asymmetry increased,while the other three methods showed larger bias of *** the conventional method of using the arithmetic mean crown radius to calculate CPA as a circle,bias correction factors were developed as a function of crown asymmetry index to delineate the increasing magnitude of bias associated with greater degrees of crown *** study reveals and demonstrates such relationships between the accuracy of CPA calculations and crown asymmetry and will help increase awa

关键词： Crown radius measurements Interpolated crown contour Projected crown area Multiple comparisons of means

Tripartite motif-containing protein 11(TRIM11):a novel weapon against Alzheimer’s disease

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第2期9卷 339-340页

作者： Yichu Fu bi Zhang Jianfeng liu College of Life Science and Technology Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of MOEHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhanHubei 430074China

In a recent study published in Science,Zhang et *** that tripartite motif-containing(TRIM)protein 11(TRIM11)exhibited strong inhibition on tau aggregation,which is a pathological characteristic of tauopathies including Alzheimer’s disease(AD).1 This makes TRIM11 a promising novel target for the treatment of AD and other tauopathies.

关键词： Alzheimer tau TRIM

Lipase and photodecarboxylase coexpression: A potential strategy for alkane-based biodiesel production from natural triglycerides

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2024年第3期67卷 238-246页

作者： Yong-Yi Zeng Xin-Yi Xu jin-Xuan Xie Wen-Li Chen Lan liu Xin-Jian Yin bi-Shuang Chen School of Marine Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519080China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519080China

Alkane-based biodiesel is considered the next generation of biodiesel owing to its potential environmental benefits and the fact that it exhibits much higher specific caloric values than traditional ***,the formidable obstacle impeding the commercialization of this cutting-edge fuel alternative lies in the cost associated with its *** this study,an engineered strain Escherichia coli(***)showcasing harmonized coexpression of a lipase(from Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase,TLL)and a fatty acid photodecarboxylase(from Chlorella variabilis,CvFAP)was first constructed to transform triglycerides into *** potential of *** BL21(DE3)/pRSFDuet-1-TLL-CvFAP for alkane synthesis was evaluated with tripalmitin as a model substrate under various process *** a comprehensive examination of the reaction parameters,the scope of the biotransformation was expanded to‘real’substrates(vegetable oils).The results showed that bioderived oils can be transformed into alkanes with high yields(0.80-10.20 mmol·L^(-1))under mild conditions(35℃,pH 8.0,and 36 h)and blue light *** selected processes were performed on an increased lab scale(up to 100 ml)with up to 24.77 mmol·L^(-1) tripalmitin,leading to a yield of 18.89 mmol·L^(-1) *** the employment of a method for efficiently producing alkanes under mild conditions and a simple procedure to isolate alkanes from the reaction system,the utilization of sustainable biomass as a fundamental feedstock emerges as the primary solution to lower the cost of alkane-based ***,this study proposes a readily implementable and highly effective approach for alkane-based biodiesel production.

关键词： Alkane-based biodiesel Renewable biomass Co-overexpression Lipase Photodecarboxylase

Formation mechanism of Fe-based amorphous powders produced by spark erosion

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第3期170卷 33-46页

作者： Chekai liu Ran Li Jiazi bi Ding Ma Xiaobin liu Tao Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Aerospace Materials and Performance(Ministry of Education)Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Spark erosion is a convenient,flexible,and low-cost method to quickly produce fine powders of metals,alloys,and semiconductors in size ranging from nearly a hundred micrometers to submicrometer by repetitive spark *** to the complexity of the powder-forming journey,normally accompanied by high temperature,high pressure,decomposition,diffusion and rapid quenching caused by discharge plasma,the mechanisms of powder formation and possible contaminant infiltration are still controversial,posing a significant challenge to control particle size and chemical composition of the powder produced by this *** this study,Fe-based amorphous powders in different particle-size distributions with high sphericity were fabricated by spark erosion under different discharge-energy *** max-imum particle size of the resultant powders can be correlated with discharge parameters,crater depth,and crater radius,respectively.A multi-ring-breakup model is proposed to reveal the particle-size distribution of the powder formed from the electrode melt under a single-pulse ***,a dielectric-element infiltration model is provided to quantitatively evaluate the infiltration mass ratio of the contaminant elements,stemming from the decomposed products of dielectric liquid,in the resultant powder with different particle *** models verified through the experimental data are significant for the development of high-performance fine Fe-based amorphous powder with controlled particle size and chemical composition.

关键词： Amorphous alloy Particle Spark erosion Infiltration Modeling

Characterization and Analysis of Inconel 718 Alloy Ground at Different Speeds

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Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering 2024年第2期37卷 137-149页

作者： Hao liu Huili Han Qinghong Jiang Minglin He bi Zhang Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Mechanical Engineering Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina

Inconel 718(IN718)alloy is widely applied to fabricate high temperature resistant or corrosion resistant parts due to its excellent mechanical ***,the machining of IN718 alloy is difficult as it may cause serious tool wear and poor surface quality(SQ)of the *** this work,grinding experiments on IN718 alloy at different speeds were conducted by using a CBN grinding *** relationship between grinding speed,SQ and subsurface damage(SSD)was well *** increasing grinding speed,surface roughness decreased,and SQ was greatly ***,the microhardness of the grinding surface declined as the grinding speed *** SSD depth was almost unchanged when the grinding speed was lower than 15 m/s,then it decreased with higher grinding *** was attributed to the mechanical-thermal synergistic effect in the grinding *** results indicated that increasing grinding speed can effectively improve the SQ and reduce the SSD of IN718 *** conclusion in the work may also provide insight into processing other hard-to-machining materials.

关键词： Surface integrity Grinding speed IN718 alloy Precision machining CBN grinding wheel

Energy budget of cold and hot gas-solid fluidized beds through CFD-DEM simulations

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Particuology 2024年第6期89卷 153-171页

作者： Lei bi Yunpeng Jiao Chunjiang liu Jianhua Chen Wei Ge School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Direct energy budget is carried out for both cold and hot flow in gas–solid fluidization ***,the energy paths are proposed from thermodynamic *** consumption means total power input to the specific system,and it can be decomposed into energy retention and energy *** retention is the variation of accumulated mechanical energy in the system,and energy dissipation is the energy converted to heat by irreversible *** based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics-Discrete Element Method(CFD-DEM)framework,different energy terms are quantified from the specific flow elements of fluid cells and particles as well as their interactions with the *** order to clarify the energy budget,it is important to identify which system is studied:the particle-fluid system or the particle *** the cold flow,the total energy consumption of the particle sub-system can well indicate the onset of bubbling and turbulent,while the variation of local energy consumption terms can reflect the evolution of heterogeneous *** the hot flow,different heat transfer mechanisms are analyzed and the solver is modified to reproduce the experimental *** impact of the heat transfer mechanisms and heat production on energy consumption is also *** proposed budget method has proven to be energy-conservative and easy to conduct,and it is hopeful to be applied to other multiphase flow systems.

关键词： Energy budget Gas-solid fluidization CFD-DEM Regime transition Heat transfer mechanism

Iron-nickel alloy particles with N-doped carbon “armor” as a highly selective and long-lasting catalyst for the synthesis of Nbenzylaniline molecules

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Nano Research 2024年第4期17卷 2308-2319页

作者： Gang Wang Longchao Sun Wanyi liu Haijuan Zhan Shuxian bi College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

A scalable strategy for the convenient and rapid preparation of nitrogen-doped carbon-coated iron-based alloy catalysts was *** controlling the type and amount of metal salts in the precursor,various types of nitrogen-doped carbon-coated alloy catalysts can be prepared in a targeted ***_(2)Ni2@CN materials with small particle sizes and relatively homogeneous basic sites showed promising results in the N-alkylation reaction of benzyl alcohol with aniline(optimum yield:99%).It is worth noting that the catalyst can also be magnetically separated and recovered after the reaction,and its performance can be regenerated through simple ***,it was confirmed by kinetic experiments that the activation of C–H at the benzyl alcohol benzylic position is the rate-determining step(RDS).According to density flooding theory calculations,Fe_(2)Ni2@CN catalysts require less energy than other materials(Fe@CN and Ni@CN)for the RDS(dehydrogenation reaction)*** N-alkylation reactions are more easily carried out on Fe_(2)Ni2@CN catalysts,which may be the reason for the best catalytic activity of Fe-Ni alloy *** carbon-coated alloy materials will show great potential in more types of heterogeneous catalysis.

关键词： iron-nickel alloy catalyst N-alkylation reaction magnetic separation reaction path dehydrogenation reaction

Localization−delocalization transitions in non-Hermitian Aharonov−Bohm cages

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 39-50页

作者： Xiang Li jin liu Tao liu School of Physics and Optoelectronics South China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510640China

A unique feature of non-Hermitian systems is the extreme sensitivity of the eigenspectrum to boundary conditions with the emergence of the non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE). A NHSE originates from the point-gap topology of complex eigenspectrum, where an extensive number of eigenstates are anomalously localized at the boundary driven by nonreciprocal dissipation. Two different approaches to create localization are disorder and flat-band spectrum, and their interplay can lead to the anomalous inverse Anderson localization, where the Bernoulli anti-symmetric disorder induces mobility in a full-flat band system in the presence of Aharonov−Bohm (AB) Cage. In this work, we study the localization−delocalization transitions due to the interplay of the point-gap topology, flat band and correlated disorder in the one-dimensional rhombic lattice, where both its Hermitian and non-Hermitian structures show AB cage in the presence of magnetic flux. Although it remains the coexistence of localization and delocalization for the Hermitian rhombic lattice in the presence of the random anti-symmetric disorder, it surprisingly becomes complete delocalization, accompanied by the emergence of NHSE. To further study the effects from the Bernoulli anti-symmetric disorder, we found the similar NHSE due to the interplay of the point-gap topology, correlated disorder and flat bands. Our anomalous localization−delocalization property can be experimentally tested in the classical physical platform, such as electrical circuit.

关键词： non-Hermitian skin effects disorder flat band localization−delocalization transition