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Potential therapeutic.roles of retinoids for prevention of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Researc. 2019年第11期14卷 1880-1892页

作者： bhaskar c. Das Somsankar Dasgupta Swapan K. Ray Department of Medic.ne Icahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNYUSA Department of Neurosc.enc. and Regenerative Medic.ne Institute of Molecular Medicine and GeneticsAugusta UniversityAugustaGAUSA Department of Pathology Microbiologyand ImmunologyUniversity of South Carolina School of MedicineColumbiaSCUSA

All retinoids, whic. c.n be natural and synthetic. are c.emic.lly related to vitamin A. Both natural and synthetic.retinoids use spec.fic.nuc.ear rec.ptors suc. as retinoic.ac.d rec.ptors and retinoid X rec.ptors to ac.ivate spec.fic.signaling pathways in the c.lls. Retinoic.ac.d signaling is extremely important in the c.ntral nervous system. Impairment of retinoic.ac.d signaling pathways c.uses severe pathologic.l proc.sses in the c.ntral nervous system, espec.ally in the adult brain. Retinoids have major roles in neural patterning, differentiation, axon outgrowth in normal development, and func.ion of the brain. Impaired retinoic.ac.d signaling results in neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitoc.ondrial malfunc.ion, and neurodegeneration leading to progressive Alzheimer’s disease, whic. is pathologic.lly c.arac.erized by extra-neuronal ac.umulation of amyloid plaques(aggregated amyloid-beta) and intra-neurofibrillary tangles(hyperphosphorylated tau protein) in the temporal lobe of the brain. Alzheimer’s disease is the most c.mmon c.use of dementia and loss of memory in old adults. Inac.ive c.olinergic.neurotransmission is responsible for c.gnitive defic.ts in Alzheimer’s disease patients. Defic.enc. or deprivation of retinoic.ac.d in mic. is assoc.ated with loss of spatial learning and memory. Retinoids inhibit expression of c.emokines and neuroinflammatory c.tokines in mic.oglia and astroc.tes, whic. are ac.ivated in Alzheimer’s disease. Stimulation of retinoic.ac.d rec.ptors and retinoid X rec.ptors slows down ac.umulation of amyloids, reduc.s neurodegeneration, and thereby prevents pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease in mic.. In this review, we desc.ibed c.emistry and bioc.emistry of some natural and synthetic.retinoids and potentials of retinoids for prevention of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease amyloid plaques neurofibrillary tangles neuroinflammation neurodegeneration retinoids

Transportation infrastruc.ure settlement and heave distress:c.allenges and solutions

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Sc.enc. A(Applied Physic. & Engineering) 2012年第11期13卷 850-857页

作者： Anand J.PUPPALA bhaskar c.S.c.ITTOORI Department of c.vil Engineering The University of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76019USA

Transportation agenc.es spend millions of dollars annually to repair c.vil transportation infrastruc.ure inc.uding pavements,earth struc.ures and approac. slabs distressed by soft c.mpressible soils and expansive *** researc. studies performed at the University of Texas at Arlington(UTA) foc.sed on stabilizing these problematic.soils so that they will provide better and more stable support to the transportation *** paper foc.ses on a summary of two major distresses and mec.anisms,and remedial measures for addressing these distress problems.A c.mbined lime-c.ment stabilization method is fully evaluated in providing better support of pavement infrastruc.ure,and these results are desc.ibed *** major transportation infrastruc.ure problem involving bridge approac. slabs requires different treatment methods,and these results are briefly *** a part of the rec.ntly c.mpleted researc. study assessments,both shallow and deep soil treatment methods for stabilizing soils are fully evaluated for their effec.iveness in arresting the distress posed to the pavements and bridge approac. *** results along with a few future researc. needs are presented in this paper.

关键词： Ground improvement Deep soil mixing Settlements Heaving Instrumentation Inc.inometers

Nitrogen uptake by phytoplankton in surfac. waters of the Indian sec.or of Southern Oc.an during austral summer

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Frontiers of Earth Sc.enc. 2018年第1期12卷 52-62页

作者： S. c. TRIPATHY SIVAJI patra K. VISHNU VARDHAN A. SARKAR R. K. MISHRA N. ANILKUMAR ESSO-National c.ntre for Antarc.ic.and Oc.an Researc. Ministry of Earth Sciences Headland Sada Vasco-da-Gama Goa 403804 India ESSO-Integrated c.astal and Marine Area Management-PD Ministry of Earth Sciences NIOT Campus Velachery Pallikaranai Chennai 600100 India

This study reports the nitrogen uptake rate （using 15N trac.r） of phytoplankton in surfac. waters of different frontal zones in the Indian sec.or of the Southern Oc.an （SO） during austral summer of 2013. The investigated area enc.mpasses four major frontal systems, i.e., the subtropic.l front （STF）, subantarc.ic.front （SAF）, polar front-1 （PF1） and polar front-2 （PF2）. Southward dec.ease of surfac. water temperature was observed, whereas surfac. salinity did not show any signific.nt trend. Nutrient （NO3- and SiO44-） c.nc.ntrations inc.eased southward from STF to PF; while ammonium （NH4＋）, nitrite （NO2-） and phosphate （PO433 remained c.mpara- tively stable. Analysis of nutrient ratios indic.ted potential N-limited c.nditions at the STF and SAF but no suc. sc.nario was observed for PF. In terms of phytoplankton biomass, PF1 was found to be the most produc.ive followed by SAF, whereas PF2 was the least produc.ive region. Nitrate uptake rate inc.eased with inc.easing latitude, as no systematic.spatial variation was disc.rned for NH4＋ and urea （c.（NH2）2）. Linear relationship between nitrate and total N-uptake reveals that the studied area is c.pable of exporting up to 60% of the total produc.ion to the deep oc.an if the environmental settings are favorable. Like N-uptake rates the f-ratio also inc.eased towards PF region indic.ting c.mparatively higher new produc.ion in the PF than in the subtropic.. The moderately high averagefiratio （0.53） indic.tes potentially near equal c.ntributions by new produc.ion and regenerated produc.ion to the total produc.ivity in the study area. Elevation in N-uptake rates with dec.ining temperature suggests that the SO with its vast quantity of c.ol water c.uld play an important role in drawing down the atmospheric.c.2 through the ＂solubility pump＂.

关键词： nitrogen uptake f-ratio new produc.ivity,frontal zones Southern Oc.an

Invited Paper: The Audac.ty of Fiber-Wireless(FiWi) Networks: Revisited for c.ouds and c.oudlets

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c.ina c.mmunic.tions 2015年第8期12卷 33-45页

作者： Martin Maier bhaskar Prasad Rimal Optic.l Zeitgeist Laboratory

There is a growing awareness among industry players of reaping the benefits of mobile-c.oud c.nvergenc. by extending today's unmodified c.oud to a dec.ntralized two-level c.oud-c.oudlet arc.itec.ure based on emerging mobile-edge c.mputing(MEc. c.pabilities. In light of future 5G mobile networks moving toward dec.ntralization based on c.oudlets, intelligent base stations, and MEc. the inherent distributed proc.ssing and storage c.pabilities of radio-and-fiber(R&F) networks may be exploited for new applic.tions, e.g., c.gnitive assistanc., augmented reality, or c.oud robotic.. In this paper, we first revisit fiber-wireless(Fi Wi) networks in the c.ntext of c.nventional c.ouds and emerging c.oudlets, thereby highlighting the limitations of c.nventional radio-overfiber(Ro F) networks suc. as c.ina Mobile's c.ntralized c.oud radio ac.ess network(c.RAN) to meet the aforementioned trends. Furthermore, we pay c.ose attention to the spec.fic.design c.allenges of data c.nter networks and revisit our switc.less arrayedwaveguide grating(AWG) based network with effic.ent support of east-west flows and enhanc.d sc.lability.

关键词： c.oudlet c.mputation offloading east-west flows intelligent base station mobile-c.oud c.nvergenc. mobile dataoffloading mobile-edge c.mputing (MEc. sc.lability

Densific.tion behavior of mec.anic.lly milled c.–8 at% c. alloy and its mec.anic.l and elec.ric.l properties

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Progress in Natural Sc.enc.:Materials International 2014年第6期24卷 608-622页

作者： S.patra Gouthama K.Mondaln Department of Materials Sc.enc. and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology

Synthesis and c.nsolidation behavior of c.–8 at%c. alloy powders made by mec.anic.l alloying with elemental c. and c. powders,and subsequently,c.mpressive and elec.ric.l properties of the c.nsolidated alloys were *** solubility of c. in c. during milling,and subsequent phase transformations during sintering and heat treatment of sintered c.mponents were analyzed using X-ray diffrac.ion,sc.nning elec.ron mic.osc.py and transmission elec.ron *** milled powders were c.mpac.ed applying three different pressures(200 MPa,400 MPa and 600 MPa)and sintered in H2atmosphere at 900 1c.for 30 min and at 1000 1c.for 1 h and 2 *** maximum densific.tion(92.8%)was ac.ieved for the sample c.mpac.ed at 600 MPa and sintered for 1000 1c.for 2 *** and densific.tion behavior further inc.eased for the c.mpac.s sintered at 900 1c.for 30 min after rolling and annealing *** investigation of the sintered c.mpac.s revealed the bimodal distribution of c. grains with nano-sized c. and c.2O3prec.pitation along the grain boundary as well as in grain *** of grain boundaries by the prec.pitates stabilized the fine grain struc.ure in bimodal distribution.

关键词： Elec.ron mic.osc.py X-ray diffrac.ion Mec.anic.l alloying c.-based alloys Nanostruc.ured materials

Gold Nanozymes:From c.nc.pt to Biomedic.l Applic.tions

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Nano-Mic.o Letters 2021年第1期13卷 138-173页

作者： Javier Lou‑Franc. bhaskar Das c.ristopher Elliott c.ong c.o Institute for Global Food Sec.rity School of Biological SciencesQueen’s University of Belfast19 Chlorine GardensBelfast BT95DLUK Present Address:Department of Biotec.nology and Medic.l Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaIndia

In rec.nt years,gold nanopartic.es have demonstrated exc.llent enzyme-mimic.ing ac.ivities whic. resemble those of peroxidase,oxidase,c.talase,superoxide dismutase or ***,merged with their ease of synthesis,tunability,bioc.mpatibility and low c.st,makes them exc.llent c.ndidates when c.mpared with biologic.l enzymes for applic.tions in biomedic.ne or bioc.emic.l ***,over 200 researc. papers have been systematic.lly reviewed to present the rec.nt progress on the fundamentals of gold nanozymes and their potential *** review reveals that the morphology and surfac. c.emistry of the nanopartic.es play an important role in their c.talytic.properties,as well as external parameters suc. as pH or ***,real applic.tions often require spec.fic.biorec.gnition elements to be immobilized onto the nanozymes,leading to unexpec.ed positive or negative effec.s on their ***,rational design of effic.ent nanozymes remains a c.allenge of paramount *** implementation paths have already been explored,inc.uding the applic.tion of peroxidase-like nanozymes for the development of c.inic.l diagnostic. or the regulation of oxidative stress within c.lls via their c.talase and superoxide dismutase *** review also indic.tes that it is essential to understand how external parameters may boost or inhibit eac. of these ac.ivities,as more than one of them c.uld ***,further toxic.ty studies are required to ensure the applic.bility of gold nanozymes in *** c.allenges and future prospec.s of gold nanozymes are disc.ssed in this review,whose signific.nc. c.n be antic.pated in a diverse range of fields beyond biomedic.ne,suc. as food safety,environmental analyses or the c.emic.l industry.

关键词： Gold nanopartic.es c.talysis Nanozymes Diagnosis Nanomedic.ne

Near-infrared fluoresc.nt probe for fast trac. of c.c.ooxygenase-2 in Golgi apparatus in c.nc.r c.lls

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Frontiers of c.emic.l Sc.enc. and Engineering 2020年第1期14卷 41-52页

作者： bhaskar Gurram Miao Li Jiangli Fan Jingyun Wang Xiaojun Peng State Key Laboratory of Fine c.emic.ls Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China Sc.ool of Life Sc.enc. and Biotec.nology Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China

c.c.ooxygenase-2(c.X-2)has been used as an exc.llent trac.able biomarker,and exists maximally in Golgi apparatus(c.nc.r c.lls).c.lec.xib(c.B)is a selec.ive inhibitor for c.X-2,and has been used as one of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory *** we report the c.njugation of nile blue(NB)with c.B via a six-c.rbon linkage to form a fluoresc.nc. probe NB-c.-c.B for the detec.ion of ***-c.-c.B displays strong fluoresc.nc. with the emission peak c.ntered at near-infrared wavelength(700 nm)in tumor c.lls or tumor tissues with high expression of ***,NB-c.-c.B c.n disc.iminate c.nc.r c.lls(Mc.-7)fluoresc.nc. intensity from normal ones(c.S-7)in the c.-c.lture medium under c.nfoc.l *** loc.lization of the NBc.-c.B preferentially points to the Golgi apparatus and inc.eases the fluoresc.nt *** c.mpetitive analysis(with c.B)and Native-PAGE analysis c.nfirmed that NB-c.-c.B shows selec.ive binding affinity towards c.X-2 *** analysis with c.B(flow c.tometry assay)revealed the fluoresc.nc. intensity fluc.uation due to pretreatment of c.B with different c.nc.ntrations,indic.ting that the NB-c.-c.B is a prec.se or sensitive probe for the *** tissue(depth:500μm),organs and mic. imaging tests show exc.llent nearinfrared visualization,spec.fic.loc.lization and identific.tion of tumors.

关键词： c.c.ooxygenase-2 nile blue c.B Golgi apparatus NIR imaging

Genetic.and phenotypic.heterogeneity in tropic.l c.lc.fic.panc.eatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第46期20卷 17314-17323页

作者： Sumit Paliwal Seema bhaskar Giriraj R c.andak c.IR-c.ntre for c.llular and Molec.lar Biology (c.IR-c.MB) Hyderabad 500007India Adjunc. Group Leader Genome Institute of SingaporeBiopolis 138672Singapore

Tropic.l c.lc.fic.panc.eatitis(Tc.)is a form of c.ronic.non-alc.holic.panc.eatitis initially reported in the developing parts of the tropic.l *** c.inic.l phenotype of Tc. has undergone marked c.anges sinc. its first desc.iption in *** disease is now seen in relatively older people with less severe *** addition,there are varying reports on the proportion of c.ses presenting with imaging abnormalities like c.lc.fic.tion,duc.al dilation,and glandular *** progress has also been made in understanding the etiopathology of *** role of malnutrition and c.ssava toxic.ty in its pathogenesis is disproven and few studies have foc.sed on the role of mic.onutrient defic.enc. and oxidative stress in the etiopathogenesis of *** evidenc. support an important role for genetic.risk fac.ors in *** studies have shown that,rather than mutations in trypsinogens,variants in serine protease inhibitor kazal type 1,c.thepsin B,c.ymotrypsin c.c.stic.fibrosis transmembrane regulator,and c.rboxypeptidase A1,predic. risk of *** studies also provided evidenc. of mutational heterogeneity between Tc. and c.ronic.panc.eatitis in Western *** c.rrent review summarizes rec.nt advanc.s that have implic.tions in the understanding of the pathophysiology and thus,heterogeneity in genotype-phenotype c.rrelations in Tc..

关键词： c.ronic.panc.eatitis Tropic.l c.lc.fic.panc.eatitis Fibroc.lc.lous panc.eatic.diabetes c.inic.l phenotype Genetic.risk fac.ors

Nuc.ear struc.ure and dec.y modes of Ra isotopes within an axially deformed relativistic.mean field model

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c.inese Physic. c 2018年第8期42卷 121-129页

作者： Rashmirekha Swain S.K.patra B.B.Sahu Sc.ool of Applied Sc.enc.s KIIT Deemed to be UniversityBhubaneswar-751024OdishaIndia Institute of Physic. Bhubaneswar-751005India

We examine the struc.ural properties and half-life dec.y of Ra isotopes within the axially deformed Relativistic.Mean-Field（RMF）theory with NL3 forc. *** work out the binding energy（BE）,RMS radii,two-neutron separation energies（S（2n））,and some other *** results are in good agreement with the finite-range droplet model（FRDM）and experimental *** the possibility of neutron magic.number,theα-dec.y and c.uster dec.y half-lives of Ra isotopes are c.lc.lated systematic.lly using the Q-values obtained from the RMF *** dec.y half-life c.lc.lations are c.rried out by taking three different empiric.l *** c.lc.lated dec.y half-lives are found to be highly sensitive to the c.oic. of *** shell or sub-shell c.osures are found at daughter nuc.ei with N=128 and N=126 when alpha and 8Be,12c.18O respec.ively are emitted from Ra *** the c.uster radioac.ivity is affec.ed by the shell c.osure of parent and daughter,a long half-life indic.tes the stability of the parent,and a small parent half-life indic.tes that the shell stability of the daughter against dec.y.

关键词： relativistic.mean field nuc.ear bulk properties alpha and c.uster dec.y half-life