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Fertilizer Placement Affects Weed Growth and Grain Yield in Dry-seeded Rice(Oryza sativa L.)systems

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American Journal of Plant sciences 2013年第6期4卷 1260-1264页

作者： bhagirath s. chauhan seth B. Abugho Crop and Environmental sciences Division International Rice Research InstituteLos BanosPhilippines

A study was conducted in a split-plot design to evaluate the effect of fertilizer placement method on weed growth and grain yield in a dry-seeded rice (DsR) system. Main-plot treatments were four fertilizer placement methods: between narrow rows (between 15-cm-wide rows of the pattern 25-15-25 cm), between uniform rows (between 20-cm-wide rows), within uniform rows, and surface broadcast. subplot treatments were three weed control methods: herbicide-treated, nontreated, and weed-free. Weed biomass was greater in the nontreated plots than in the herbicide-treated plots. Herbicide application reduced weed biomass by 89% to 99% compared with the nontreated control. Fertilizer placement did not influence weed biomass in the herbicide-treated plots;however, it greatly influenced biomass in the nontreated plots. Fertilizer placement on the surface increased weed biomass (69 -71 g·m–2) compared with the placement of fertilizer below the soil surface (37 -57 g·m–2). Fertilizer placement did not influence weed density and biomass at 60 days after planting. Nontreated plots yielded 700 to 2080 kg·ha–1. Grain yield was similar between the herbicide-treated (2660-3250 kg·ha–1) and weed-free (2620-3430 kg·ha–1) plots. Grain yield was not influenced when basal fertilizer was banded within (2390-2500 kg·ha–1) or between rows (2530-2650 kg·ha–1). However, grain yield decreased when basal fertilizer was broadcast on the soil surface (2200 kg·ha–1). The results of our study demonstrated that rice yield was usually lower with surface broadcast of fertilizer than with subsurface fertilizer treatments. In conclusion, surface broadcast of basal fertilizer may result in high weed pressure in DsR systems.

关键词： Nitrogen Fertilizer Weed Biomass Weed Density Placement Asia

Tumor microenvironment: an evil nexus promoting aggressive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and avenue for targeted therapy

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signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第2期6卷 324-338页

作者： Ajaz A.Bhat Parvaiz Yousuf Nissar A.Wani Arshi Rizwan shyam s.chauhan Mushtaq A.siddiqi Davide Bedognetti Wael EI-Rifai Michael P.Frenneaux surinder K.Batra Mohammad Haris Muzafar A.Macha Functional and Molecular Imaging Laboratory Cancer Research DepartmentSidra MedicineDohaQatar Department of Zoology School of Life SciencesCentral University of KashmirGanderbalJammu&KashmirIndia Department of Nephrology All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Department of Biochemistry All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine Islamic University of Science and TechnologyAwantiporaJammu&KashmirIndia Laboratory of Cancer Immunogenomics Cancer Research DepartmentSidra MedicineDohaQatar Department of surgery University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Academic Health system Hamad Medical CorporationDohaQatar Department of Biochemisty and Molecular Biology University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Alied Diseases University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA Buffet Cancer Center University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNEUSA Laboratory Animal Research Center Qatar UniversityDohaQatar

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNsCC)is a very aggressive disease with a poor prognosis for advanced-stage *** clinical,genomic,and cellular studies have revealed the highly heterogeneous and immunosuppressive nature of *** signifcant advances in multimodal therapeutic interventions,failure to cure and recurrence are common and account for most *** is becoming increasingly apparent that tumor microenvironment(TME)plays a critical role in HNsCC tumorigenesis,promotes the evolution of aggressive tumors and resistance to therapy,and thereby adversely affects the prognosis.A complete understanding of the TME factors,together with the highly complex tumor-stromal interactions,can lead to new therapeutic interventions in ***,different molecular and immune landscapes between HPV^(+ve) and HPV^(-ve)(human papillomavirus)HNsCC tumors offer new opportunities for developing individualized,targeted chemoimmunotherapy(CIT)*** review highlights the current understanding of the complexity between HPV^(+ve) and HPV^(-ve) HNsCC TME and various tumor-stromal cross-talk modulating processes,including epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT),anoikis resistance,angiogenesis,immune surveillance,metastatic niche,therapeutic resistance,and development of an aggressive tumor ***,we summarize the recent developments and the rationale behind CIT strategies and their clinical applications in HPV^(+ve) and HPV^(-ve) HNsCC.

关键词： targeted squamous thereby

南欧派利吞草石油醚提取物对雄性大鼠性行为的影响(英文)

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中西医结合学报 2010年第8期8卷 767-773页

作者： Vikas sharma Mayank Thakur Nagendra s.chauhan Vinod Kumar Dixit Department of Pharmaceutical sciences Dr.Hari Singh Gour Vishwavidyalaya

目的:检测南欧派利吞草石油醚提取物(petroleum ether extract,PEE)对雄性大鼠性行为的影响。方法:制备南欧派利吞草PEE。32只雄性Wistar大鼠分成对照组、睾酮组、低剂量PEE组和高剂量PEE组,每组8只。对照组大鼠灌胃花生油(溶剂对照),... 详细信息

目的:检测南欧派利吞草石油醚提取物(petroleum ether extract,PEE)对雄性大鼠性行为的影响。方法:制备南欧派利吞草PEE。32只雄性Wistar大鼠分成对照组、睾酮组、低剂量PEE组和高剂量PEE组,每组8只。对照组大鼠灌胃花生油(溶剂对照),睾酮组大鼠肌肉注射0.5mg/kg睾酮,每周2次,低剂量和高剂量PEE组大鼠分别灌胃50和100mg/kgPEE,治疗持续28d。于治疗前,治疗第15天、第28天和治疗后第7天、第15天,检测大鼠体质量,治疗结束后,取4只大鼠性器官(睾丸、附睾、精囊、前列腺)称取质量,其余4只大鼠用于检测大鼠的性取向行为和性功能。结果:与对照组大鼠比较,PEE治疗28d可明显增加雄性大鼠的体质量和性器官质量,雄性大鼠易于接受雌性大鼠和对雌性大鼠趋向性增加,雄性大鼠性能力增加,表现为舔、嗅雌性大鼠肛门和生殖器,阴茎勃起指数增加,交配潜伏期缩短,交配频率增加。在PEE治疗结束后7和15d仍观察到以上行为和性指标的变化。结论:与睾酮不同的是,PEE治疗结束后7和15d仍可见明显治疗效果,提示南欧派利吞草能提高大鼠性潜能,并有延迟效应。

关键词：南欧派利吞草催欲药植物提取物石油醚提取物性行为,动物烷基酰胺大鼠

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寄生草本植物大花菟丝子的研究综述(英文)

中西医结合学报 2012年第3期10卷 249-255页

作者： satish Patel Vikas sharma Nagendra s.chauhan Vinod K.Dixit Department of Pharmaceutical sciences Dr.Hari Singh Gour University

大花菟丝子是一种金黄色、无叶、多年生寄生草本植物,它隶属于旋花科,俗称发菜、鬼肠等。经研究,大花菟丝子具有止痉、抗惊厥、抗类固醇生成、降血压、助肌肉松弛、强心、利尿、抗病毒、抗菌、抗氧化以及助毛发生长等一系列药用作用。... 详细信息

大花菟丝子是一种金黄色、无叶、多年生寄生草本植物,它隶属于旋花科,俗称发菜、鬼肠等。经研究,大花菟丝子具有止痉、抗惊厥、抗类固醇生成、降血压、助肌肉松弛、强心、利尿、抗病毒、抗菌、抗氧化以及助毛发生长等一系列药用作用。目前从大花菟丝子中提取的有效化学成分有岩白菜素、阿马别林、β-谷甾醇、豆甾醇、山奈酚、半乳糖醇、杨梅酮、槲皮素、香豆素和齐墩果酸等。本文概述了生药学和植物化学文献中有关大花菟丝子的研究结果,并从传统医学和生物学角度评价了它的医药用途。

关键词：菟丝子属旋花科植物药用类黄酮物质综述

Preparation, characterization and luminescence behavior of some samarium complexes

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Rare Metals 2021年第9期40卷 2618-2626页

作者： Archana chauhan Ritu Langyan Department of Chemistry Kurukshetra UniversityKurukshetra 136119India

The synthesis of luminescent complexes of sm(III) with the general formula [sm(L)_(3)·(X)] was done in powder form. In the formula, L is 6-methyl-4-oxo-4 H-1-benzopyran-3-carboxaldehyde and X represents 2H_(2)O(C1), 1,10-phenanthroline(C2), 2,20-bipyridine(C3);bathophenanthroline(C4) and neocuproine(C5). The complexes were characterized by using various analytical and spectroscopic tools like elemental analysis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry(EsI–Ms+), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), ultraviolet–visible(UV–Vis) spectroscopy, thermo-gravimetric analysis/differential thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA/DTG), field emission scanning electron microscopy(FEsEM), powder X-ray diffraction(XRD), and photoluminescence(PL)studies. TGA/DTG showed high thermal stability of synthesized complexes. Powder XRD depicts that the average particle size lies in the nano-range. On monitoring at the excitation wavelength of 370 nm, the complexes display characteristic luminescence peaks of sm(III) at ~564,~600 and ~647 nm assigned to^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2),^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2), and ^(4)G_(5/2)→6H9/2 transitions, respectively, with the most intense transition at ~600(orange emission) and~647 nm(bright red emission) in liquid and powder state, respectively. The investigations demonstrate that the synthesized novel complexes might be practically useful in electroluminescent devices, bio-assays, and liquid lasers due to their attractive photoluminescent properties.

关键词： samarium complexes Luminescence Thermal analysis Quantum yield

Implementation of drone technology for farm monitoring&pesticide spraying:A review

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Information Processing in Agriculture 2023年第2期10卷 192-203页

作者： Abdul Hafeez Mohammed Aslam Husain s.P.singh Anurag chauhan Mohd.Tauseef Khan Navneet Kumar Abhishek chauhan s.K.soni Rajkiya Engineering College Ambedkar NagarUP 224122India Rajkiya Engineering College BandaUP 210201India Rajkiya Engineering College BijnorUP 246725India MMMUT GorakhpurUP 273016India

The world receives more than 200 thousand people in a day and it is expected that the total world population will reach 9.6 billion by the year *** will result in extra food demand,which can only be met from enhanced crop ***,modernization of the agricultural sector becomes the need of the *** are many constraints that are responsible for the low production of crops,which can be overcome by using drone technology in the agriculture *** paper presents an analysis of drone technologies and their modifications with time in the agriculture sector in the last *** application of drones in the area of crop monitoring,and pesticide spraying for Precision Agriculture(PA)has been *** work done related to drone structure,multiple sensor development,innovation in spot area spraying has been ***,the use of Artificial Intelligent(AI)and deep learning for the remote monitoring of crops has been discussed.

关键词： Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Agriculture drone Pesticide spraying Crop monitoring Precision agriculture

Functionalization of alumina particles to improve the performance of eco-friendly brake-pads

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Friction 2021年第5期9卷 1213-1226页

作者： Vanvirsinh chauhan Jayashree BIJWE Ashish DARPE Centre for Automotive Research and Tribology(formerly ITMMEC) Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz-KhasNew Delhi-110016India Mechanical Engineering Department Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz-KhasNew Delhi-110016India

Abrasives,such as oxides of alumina(Al),silica(si),zirconia(Zr),chromium(Cr)etc.,are added to raise the friction level and also to remove the glaze on the disc so that surface will be rejuvenated continuously during braking and will contribute to maintain the desired friction ***,these inorganic particles have less adhesion with the resin/binder and hence are easily dug out during wearing process contributing to higher *** efforts are made to enhance the filler‐matrix adhesion,not only the wear of friction material(FM)should reduce,the particles may stay for a longer time on the tribo‐surface of the pads to contribute fully towards controlling the coefficient of friction(μ).In the present study,alumina particles were selected for siloxane treatment to improve the filler‐matrix *** types of eco‐friendly(free from asbestos and Cu)brake‐pads were developed using alumina as a theme ingredient(treated and untreated)keeping all the parent formulation *** additional type of brake‐pads without alumina particles was also developed to observe the effect of abrasive particles on the tribo‐*** performance properties(physical,mechanical,and tribological)of brake‐pads were compared when evaluated in identical *** tribotesting was done on full‐scale brake inertia dynamometer following the procedure in Japanese automobile standard(JAsO C 406).It was observed that siloxane treatment affected both friction and wear of brake‐pads in a beneficial *** resistance got increased 35%for siloxane treated *** surfaces were analysed using scanning electron microscopy(sEM)and energy dispersive X‐ray(EDAX)technique.

关键词： friction materials brake‐pads siloxane treatment friction modifiers inertia brake‐dynamometer

A novel reconfiguration of the solar array to enhance peak power and efficiency under partial shading conditions:experimental validation

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Clean Energy 2023年第4期7卷 824-842页

作者： Vijay Laxmi Mishra Yogesh K.chauhan K.s.Verma EED KNIT SultanpurU.P.Pin-228118India

Non-homogeneous irradiation patterns and temperature levels immensely affect the performance of solar photovoltaic *** shading conditions on solar arrays reduce the peak power and *** paper provides a new remedy called a novel Ramanujan reconfiguration(NRR)to eliminate this physical shading problem in solar photovoltaic *** is a static-based reconfigured technique that is built using a three-diode model with the help of the MATLAB®/simulink®*** special feature of the proposed NRR technique is that when shade occurs on the solar modules,it gets realigned in a particular row,column,diagonal,corner,centre and middle peripheral *** helps over a wide range of shade dispersion on the solar *** novel topology is tested against the conventional total cross-tied(TCT)model and recently introduced advanced reconfigured models,namely odd–even topology(OET)and Kendoku topology(KDT).The results are tested under certain shading *** proposed NRR technique increases the peak power by 4.45,2.15 and 2.17 W under the first shading condition regarding TCT,OET and *** efficiency is improved by 0.51–2.18%under the third shading condition compared with other considered models in this *** addition,NRR leads to smooth output curves under the second,third and fourth shading conditions,effectively mitigating the local power *** experimental results show the proposed enhanced performance of the novel model against the other *** Abstract Remedy for physical problem correlated with solar photovoltaics Comparison with traditional and recent solar models Conclusion:NRR has effectively handled the problem related with solar *** has improved the efficiency up to 31.44%under ***,smooth output curves under s2-s4 shows its effectiveness in mitigating the local power *** power gain at 3.94%under s4 is achieved by novel ***-time verification proves the supremacy of novel proposed model over o

关键词： efficiency partial shading conditions peak power Ramanujan reconfiguration solar array total cross-tied three-diode model

Assessment of High-Frequency Performance Limits of Graphene Field-Effect Transistors

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Nano Research 2011年第6期4卷 571-579页

作者： Jyotsna chauhan Jing Guo Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611-6130 USA

High frequency performance limits of graphene field-effect transistors （FETs） down to a channel length of 20 nm have been examined by using self-consistent quantum simulations. The results indicate that although Klein band-to-band tunneling is significant for sub-100 nm graphene FETs, it is possible to achieve a good transconductance and ballistic on-off ratio larger than 3 even at a channel length of 20 nm. At a channel length of 20 nm, the intrinsic cut-off frequency remains at a few THz for various gate insulator thickness values, but a thin gate insulator is necessary for a good transconductance and smaller degradation of cut-off frequency in the presence of parasitic capacitance. The intrinsic cut-off frequency is close to the LC characteristic frequency set by graphene kinetic inductance （L） and quantum capacitance （C）, which is about 100 GHz-um divided by the gate length.

关键词： Field effect transistor (FET) radio frequency (RF) carbon nanotube (CNT) intrinsic cut-off frequency transconductance