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A bacterial protein Rhp-PSP inhibits plant viral proliferation through endoribonuclease activity

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1967-1978页

作者： Lijie Chen Qianze Peng Xiaohua Du Weixing Zhang Ju’e Cheng Shu’e Sun Deyong Zhang Pin Su Yong Liu Longping Branch College of BiologyHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice/Institute of Plant Protection Hunan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangsha 410125China

Plant virus causes massive crop losses ***,there is currently no effective measure to control plant viral ***,we identify an antiviral protein Rhp-PSP,produced by the bacterial Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain *** this study,we discover that the antiviral activity of Rhp-PSP relies on its endoribonuclease *** the arginine(R)residue at position 129 onto alanine(A)abolishs its endoribonuclease activity on coat protein(CP)RNA of tobacco mosaic virus(TMV),consequentially,compromises the antiviral activity of *** investigation demonstrates that,the mutant Rhp-PSP^(R129A)is unable to form the homotrimer as the wild type,indicating the importance of quaternary junction for the endoribonuclease *** of Rhp-PSP in Nicotiana benthamiana significantly enhances the resistance against TMV of seedlings,while expression of Rhp-PSP^(R129A)did not,confirming that endoribonuclease activity is responsible for the antiviral activity of *** addition,foliar spray of Rhp-PSP solution on tomato and pepper plants significantly reduces the disease index of viral diseases,indicating that Rhp-PSP shows potential to develop antiviral agent in practice.

关键词： Rhodopseudomonas palustris Rhp-PSP tobacco mosaic virus endoribonuclease antiviral activity

Jigsaw-Sketch: a fast and accurate algorithm for finding top-k elephant flows in high-speed networks

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第4期67卷 113-130页

作者： Boyu ZHANG He HUANG Yu-e SUN Yang DU Dan WANG School of Computer Science and Technology Soochow University School of Rail Transportation Soochow University

Finding top-k elephant flows in high-speed networks is one of the most fundamental network measurement tasks. It is more challenging than per-flow size estimation since the IDs and sizes of top-k flows must be tracked simultaneously. Most existing studies only record the IDs of a small number of elephant flows to fit their estimators in the extremely limited high-speed on-chip memory. However, these solutions need too many memory accesses when a packet arrives to track the elephant flows with high accuracy, which limits their practicability. Therefore, this paper proposes Jigsaw-Sketch, a new algorithm to find the top-k elephant flows with much fewer memory accesses while achieving high memory efficiency and accuracy. In this design, we propose a novel two-stage jigsaw storage scheme, which can capture the candidate top-k flows from massive network steams efficiently, and further find the top-k elephant flows with high memory efficiency and only a few memory accesses for each packet. extensive experimental results based on real network traces show that Jigsaw-Sketch improves the packet processing throughput by at least 86%, while achieving smaller memory footprints and higher accuracy compared to the SOTA.

关键词： sketch top-$k$ network measurement elephant flow high-speed networks

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2024 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities:An update of activity codes and energy expenditure values

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 18-23页

作者： Scott A.Conger Stephen D.Herrmann erik A.Willis Tom e.Nightingale Joseph R.Sherman Barbara e.Ainsworth Department of Kinesiology Boise State UniversityBoiseID 83725USA Kansas Center for Metabolism and Obesity Research The University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599USA School of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham AL B152TTUK Centre for Trauma Sciences Research University of BirminghamEdgbastonBirmingham AL B152TTUK College of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA School of exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China

Purpose:This paper presents an update of the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium of Physical Activities designed for wheelchair users and is referred to as the 2024 Wheelchair *** Wheelchair Compendium aims to curate existing knowledge of the energy expenditure for wheelchair physical activities(PAs).Methods:A systematic review of the published energy expenditure of PA for wheelchair users was completed between 2011 and May *** added these data to the 2011 Wheelchair Compendium data that was compiled previously in a systematic review through ***:A total of 47 studies were included,and 124 different wheelchair PA reported energy expenditure values ranging from 0.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(filing papers,light effort)to 11.8 metabolic equivalents for wheelchair users(Nordic sit skiing).Conclusion:In introducing the updated 2024 Wheelchair Compendium,we hope to bridge the resource gap and challenge the prevailing narratives that inadvertently exclude wheelchair users from physical fitness and health PAs.

关键词： Disability exercise MeT Mobility

Mitochondrial recruitment in myelin:an anchor for myelin dynamics and plasticity?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1401-1402页

作者： Jean-David M.Gothié Timothy e.Kennedy Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Montreal Neurological InstituteMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada

Optimal propagation of neuronal electrical impulses depends on the insulation of axons by myelin,produced in the central nervous system by *** is an extension of the oligodendrocyte plasma membrane,which wraps around an axon to form a compact multi-layered *** is composed of a substantially higher proportion of lipids compared to other biological membranes and enriched in a small number of specialized proteins.

关键词： plasticity insulation dynamics

New insights into the role of the endoplasmic reticulum in microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1397-1398页

作者： Veronika e.Neubrand M.Rosario Sepúlveda Department of Cell Biology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain

Microglial cells are the only resident immune cells in the central nervous system and constitute its frontline *** are extremely reactive against infections,trauma,or toxins,but are also responsible for mediating inflammation,taking part in the pathogenic course of many neuropathologies(Sierra et al.,2019).Cell-specific staining,ultrastructural analysis by transmission electron microscopy(TeM),or two-photonmicroscopy imaging have been relevant for the characterization of microglia as well as their cell-cell interactions。

关键词： inflammation reticulum

enhanced quantum resources via two distant atom-cavity systems under the influence of atomic dissipation

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第2期76卷 62-73页

作者： M Setodeh Kheirabady M K Tavassoly M Rafeie e Ghasemian Laser and Optics Group Faculty of PhysicsYazd UniversityYazd 89195-741Iran Department of electrical engineering Faculty of Intelligent Systems Engineering and Data SciencePersian Gulf UniversityBushehrIran

Quantum resources such as entanglement and coherence are the holy grail for modern quantum technologies. Although the unwanted environmental effects tackle quantum information processing tasks, suprisingly these key quantum resources may be protected and even enhanced by the implementation of some special hybrid open quantum systems. Here, we aim to show how a dissipative atom-cavity-system can be accomplished to generate enhanced quantum *** do so, we consider a couple of dissipative cavities, where each one contains two effective two-level atoms interacting with a single-mode cavity field. In practical applications, a classical laser field may be applied to drive each atomic subsystem. After driving the system, a Bell-state measurement is performed on the output of the system to quantify the entanglement and coherence. The obtained results reveal that the remote entanglement and coherence between the atoms existing inside the two distant cavities are not only enhanced, but can be stabilized, even under the action of dissipation. In contrast, the local entanglement between two atoms inside each dissipative cavity attenuates due to the presence of unwanted environmental ***, the local coherence may show the same behavior as the remote ***, the system provides the steady state entanglement in various interaction regimes,particularly in the strong atom-cavity coupling and with relatively large detuning. More interestingly, our numerical analyses demonstrate that the system may show a memory effect due to the fact that the death and revival of the entanglement take place during the interaction. Our proposed model may find potential applications for the implementation of long distance quantum networks. In particular, it facilitates the distribution of quantum resources between the nodes of large-scale quantum networks for secure communication.

关键词： remote entanglement and coherence atomic dissipation steady state entanglement Bell-statemeasurement

evaluation of the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete structures with flat slab-column gravity frame and shear walls through nonlinear analysis methods

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earthquake engineering and engineering Vibration 2024年第3期23卷 713-726页

作者： M.A.Najafgholipour S.Heidarian Radbakhsh e.erfani Department of Civil and environmental engineering Shiraz University of TechnologyShiraz ***Iran Department of Building Civiland Environmental EngineeringConcordia UniversityMontréal H3G 1M8Canada

This paper presents an investigation of the seismic behavior of reinforced concrete(RC)structures in which shear walls are the main lateral load-resisting elements and the participation of flat slab floor systems is not considered in the seismic design *** this regard,the behavior of six prototype structures(with different heights and plan layouts)is investigated through nonlinear static and time history analyses,implemented in the OpenSees *** results of the analyses are presented in terms of the behavior of the slab-column connections and their mode of failure at different loading ***,the global response of the buildings is discussed in terms of some parameters,such as lateral overstrength due to the gravity flat slab-column *** to the nonlinear static analyses,in structures in which the slab-column connections were designed only for gravity loads,the slab-column connections exhibited a punching mode of failure even in the early stages of ***,the punching failure was eliminated in structures in which a minimum transverse reinforcement recommended in ACI 318(2019)was provided in the slabs at joint ***,despite neglecting the contribution of gravity flat slab-column frames in the lateral load resistance of the structures,a relatively significant overstrength was imposed on the structures by the gravity frames.

关键词： RC flat slab-column frames seismic behavior nonlinear analysis time history analysis

Ultrafast optical modulation of the fluorescence from a single-photon emitter in silicon carbide

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Photonics Research 2024年第5期12卷 941-946页

作者： MeNGTING He YUJING CAO JUNJIe LIN ZHIPING JU BOTAO WU e WU State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Photon Technology(Zhejiang)Co. Ltd.Jiaxing 314100China National Key Laboratory of Materials for Integrated Circuits Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200000China Department of Physics and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Magnetic Resonance East China Normal UniversityShanghai 200241China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Precision Optics Chongqing Institute of East China Normal UniversityChongqing 401120China Collaborative Innovation Center of extreme Optics Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006China

The quest for the room-temperature optical transistor based on nonlinearities in single atoms or molecules is attracting a lot of *** this work,a single-photon emitter in cubic silicon carbide is verified that can operate as an optical switch at room temperature under pulsed green laser illumination with a near-infrared pulsed laser as the control *** demonstrated an ultrafast and reversible optical modulation with a high photoluminescence intensity suppression ratio up to 97.9%and a response time as short as 287.9±5.7 *** current development provides insights for high-precision and ultrafast optical switches,with possibilities for integration with emerging electronic installations to realize more intelligent photoelectric integrated devices.

关键词： emitter carbide photon

Brain dysfunctions and neurotoxicity induced by psychostimulants in experimental models and humans:an overview of recent findings

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第9期19卷 1908-1918页

作者： Marcello Serra Nicola Simola Alexia e.Pollack Giulia Costa Department of Biomedical Sciences Section of NeuroscienceUniversity of CagliariCagliariItaly Department of Biology University of Massachusetts-BostonBostonMAUSA

Preclinical and clinical studies indicate that psychostimulants,in addition to having abuse potential,may elicit brain dysfunctions and/or neurotoxic *** toxicity induced by psychostimulants may pose serious health risks since the recreational use of these substances is on the rise among young people and *** present review provides an overview of recent research,conducted between 2018 and 2023,focusing on brain dysfunctions and neurotoxic effects elicited in experimental models and humans by amphetamine,cocaine,methamphetamine,3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine,methylphenidate,caffeine,and *** elucidation of factors and mechanisms that underlie psychostimulant-induced brain dysfunction and neurotoxicity is crucial for understanding the acute and enduring noxious brain effects that may occur in individuals who use psychostimulants for recreational and/or therapeutic purposes.

关键词： 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine amphetamine caffeine cell cultures cocaine methamphetamine methylphenidate neurotoxicity nicotine