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科技英语学习 2009年第2期 10-11页

作者： bettina Wassener 刘广霞

为寻找原油的替代品，新西兰航空公司在飞机燃料中混合了麻风树油并进行了试飞。人们希望试飞的结果能够有助于混合飞机燃料在三到五年内凭价格打入市场。

关键词：原油翻译方法英语教材飞机燃料

The Nuclear Factor KappaB(NF-kB)signaling in cancer development and immune diseases

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Genes & Diseases 2021年第3期8卷 287-297页

作者： Mohammad Reza Zinatizadeh bettina Schock Ghanbar Mahmoodi Chalbatani Peyman Kheirandish Zarandi Seyed Amir Jalali Seyed Rouhollah Miri Cancer Research Center Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran***Iran Centre for Experimental Medicine Queen’s University BelfastBelfastBT71NNUnited Kingdom Department of Medical Immunology School of MedicineTehran University of Medical SciencesTehran***Iran Cancer Research Center Cancer Institute of IranTehran University of Medical ScienceTehran***Iran Department of Medical Immunology School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehran***Iran

The nuclear factor kappa B(NF-kB)family of transcription factors plays an essential role as stressors in the cellular environment,and controls the expression of important regula-tory genes such as immunity,inflammation,death,and cell ***-kB protein is located in the cytoplasm,and can be activated by various cellular *** are two path-ways for NF-kB activation,as the canonical and non-canonical pathways,which require com-plex molecular interactions with adapter proteins and phosphorylation and ubiquitinase ***,this increases NF-kB translocation in the nucleus and regulates gene *** this study,the concepts that emerge in different cellular systems allow the design of NF-kB function in *** would not only allow the development for rare dis-eases associated with NF-kB,but would also be used as a source of useful information to elim-inate widespread consequences such as cancer or inflammatory/immune diseases.

关键词： Cancer Immunity Inflammation NF-kB Signaling

Chemokine expression in hepatocellular carcinoma versus colorectal liver metastases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第41期12卷 6627-6633页

作者： Claudia Rubie Vilma Oliveira Frick Mathias Wagner Christina Weber Bianca Kruse Katja Kempf Jochen Knig bettina Rau Martin Schilling Department of General- Visceral-Vascular-and Paediatric SurgeryUniversity of the SaarlandHomburg/Saar 66421Germany Institute of Pathology University of the SaarlandHomburg/Saar 66421Germany Institute of Medical Biometrics Epidemiologyand Medical InformaticsUniversity of the SaarlandHomburg/ Saar 66421Germany

AIM： To evaluate and compare the expression profiles of CXCL12 （SDF-1）, CCL19 （MIP-3β）, CCL20 （MIP-3a） and CCL21 （6Ckine, Exodus2） and their receptors on RNA and protein levels in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） versus colorectal liver metastases （CRLM） and to elucidate their impact on the carcinogenesis and progression of malignant liver diseases. METHODS： Chemokine expression was analyzed by RT-PCR and ELISA in 11 cases of HCC specimens and in 23 cases of CRLM and corresponding adjacent nontumorous liver tissues, respectively. Expressions of their receptors CXCR4, CCR6 and CCR7 were analyzed by RT- PCR and Western blot analysis in the same cases of HCC and CRLM. RESULTS： Significant up-regulation for CCL20/CCR6 was detected in both cancer types. Moreover, CCL20 demonstrated significant overexpression in CRLM in relation to the HCC tissues. Being significantly up-regulated only in CRLM, CXCR4 displayed an aberrant expression pattern with respect to the HCC tissues. CONCLUSION： Correlation of CXCR4 expression with CRLM suggests CXCR4 as a potential predictive factor for CRLM. High level expression of CCL20 and its receptor CCR6 in HCC and CRLM with marked up-regulation of CCL20 in CRLM in relation to HCC tissues indicates involvement of the CCL20/CCR6 ligand-receptor pair in the carcinogenesis and progression of hepatic malignancies.

关键词： Chemokines Chemokine receptors Gene expression Hepatocellular carcinoma Colorectal liver metastases

Antioxidant, antiangiogenic and antiproliferative activities of root methanol extract of Calliandra portoricensis in human prostate cancer cells

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Journal of Integrative Medicine 2015年第3期13卷 185-193页

作者： Oluwatosin Adaramoye bettina Erguen Olubukola Oyebode Bianca Nitzsche Michael H?pfner Klaus Jung Anja Rabien Department of Urology University Hospital Charite Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Section Department of Biochemistry University of Ibadan Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Section Department of Biochemistry University of Ibadan Institute of Physiology University Hospital Charite Berlin Institute for Urologic Research

OBJECTIVE： Prostate cancer（PCa） is a major health concern. Calliandra portoricensis（CP） is traditionally known for its analgesic, anti-ulcerogenic and anticonvulsant properties. However, its antiproliferative properties for PCa still need to be investigated. METHODS： Antioxidant activities of CP were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl（DPPH） and hydroxyl（OH-） radicals-scavenging methods. PC-3 and LNCa P（androgen-refractory and androgendependent PCa-derived cell lines） were cultured and treated with CP（10, 50 and 100 μg/m L）. Effects of CP on cells were determined by cytotoxicity assay（lactate dehydrogenase, LDH） and viability assay（sodium 3′-[1-（phenylaminocarbonyl）-3,4-tetrazolium]-bis（4-methoxy-6-nitro） benzene sulfonic acid hydrate, XTT）. DNA fragmentation was detected by cell death detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay plus kit. CP was tested as an inhibitor of angiogenesis using chicken chorioallantoic membrane（CAM） assay. RESULTS： CP showed significant scavenging of DPPH and OH- radicals. CP significantly（P〈0.05） inhibited lipid peroxidation in a dose-dependent manner. Precisely, CP（10, 50 and 100 μg/m L） inhibited PC-3 and LNCa P growth by 7%, 74% and 92%, and 27%, 73%, and 85% respectively at 48 h. CP had low toxicity in vitro at its half inhibitory concentration dose. Detection of cell death induced by CP at 50 μg/m L showed higher enrichment factors in LNCa P（7.38±0.95） than PC-3（3.48±0.55）. Also, treatment with CP（50 μg/m L） significantly reduced network of vessels in CAM, suggesting its antiangiogenic potential. CONCLUSION： Calliandra portoricensis elicited antioxidant, antiangiogenic and antiproliferative effects in PCa cells.

关键词： Calliandra portoricensis plant extracts antiproliferation antiangiogenesis prostatic neoplasms

NOD2/CARD15 gene polymorphism in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: Is Hungary different?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第3期11卷 407-411页

作者： Carsten Büning Tomas Molnar Ferenc Nagy Janos Lonovics Renita Weltrich bettina Bochow Janine Genschel Hartmut Schmidt Herbert Lochs Department of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine

AIM: To analyse the impact of NOD2/CARD15 mutations on the clinical course of Crohn 's disease patients from an eastern European country (Hungary). METHODS: We investigated the prevalence of the three common NOD2/CARD15 mutations (Arg702Trp, Gly908Arg, 1007finsC) in 148 patients with Crohn's disease, 128 patients with ulcerative colitis and 208 controls recruited from the University of Szeged, Hungary. In patients with Crohn 's disease, the prevalence of NOD2/CARD15 mutations was correlated to the demographical and clinical parameters. RESULTS: In total, 32.4% of Crohn's disease patients carried at least one mutant allele within NOD2/CARD15 compared to 13.2% of patients with ulcerative colitis (P = 0.0002) and to 11.5% of controls (P

关键词： Crohn's disease NOD2/CARD15 gene Mutation

Safety and efficacy of purified clinoptilolite-tuff treatment in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea:Randomized controlled trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第46期28卷 6573-6588页

作者： Karolina Anderle Michael Wolzt Gabriele Moser bettina Keip Johannes Peter Claudia Meisslitzer Ghazaleh Gouya Michael Freissmuth Cornelius Tschegg Department of Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Department of Internal Medicine III Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyMedical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria Glock Health Science and Research GmbHDeutsch-Wagram 2232Lower AustriaAustria Gouya Insights Vienna 1010Austria Institute of Pharmacology and the Gaston H.Glock Research Laboratories for Exploratory Drug Development Center of Physiology and PharmacologyMedical University of ViennaVienna 1090Austria

BACKGROUND Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorder with poor response to *** with predominant diarrhea(IBS-D)is accompanied by abdominal pain as well as high stool frequency and *** clinoptilolite-tuff(PCT),which is approved by the Food and Drug Administration for use as a dietary supplement with the brand name G-PUR®,has previously shown therapeutic potential in other indications based on its physical adsorption *** To assess whether symptoms of IBS-D can be ameliorated by oral treatment with *** In this randomized,placebo-controlled,double-blind pilot study,30 patients with IBS-D diagnosis based on Rome IV criteria were *** a 4-wk run-in phase,14 patients were randomized to receive a 12-wk treatment with G-PUR®(2 g three times daily),and 16 patients received *** relief from IBS-D symptoms as measured by the proportion of responders according to the Subject’s Global Assessment(SGA)of Relief was assessed as the primary *** the secondary outcomes,validated IBS-D associated symptom questionnaires,exploratory biomarkers and microbiome data were *** The proportions of SGA of Relief responders after 12 wk were comparable in both groups,namely 21%in the G-PUR®group and 25%in the placebo *** 4 wk of treatment,36%of patients in the G-PUR®group vs 0%in the placebo group reported complete or considerable *** improvement in daily abdominal pain was noted in 94%vs 83%(P=0.0353),and the median number of days with diarrhea per week decreased by 2.4 d vs 0.3 d in the G-PUR®and placebo groups,*** trends were observed for 50%of responders in the Bristol Stool Form *** trends were also noted for combined abdominal pain and stool consistency response and the Perceived Stress Questionnaire *** 64%in the G-PUR®group compared to 86%in the placebo group required rescue medication intake during the *** microbiome

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Diarrhea Functional gastrointestinal disorder Clinoptilolite Zeolite Treatment

Correlation of IL-8 with induction, progression and metastatic potential of colorectal cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第37期13卷 4996-5002页

作者： Claudia Rubie Vilma Oliveira Frick Sandra Pfeil Mathias Wagner Otto Kollmar Berit Kopp Stefan Grber bettina M Rau Martin K Schilling Department of General Visceral Vascular and Paediatric Surgery University of the Saarland Homburg 66421 Germany Institute of Pathology University of the Saarland Homburg 66421 Germany Institute of Medical Biometrics Epidemiology and Medical Informatics University of the Saarland Homburg 66421 Germany

AIM： To investigate the expression profile of IL-8 in inflammatory and malignant colorectal diseases to evaluate its potential role in the regulation of colorectal cancer （CRC） and the development of colorectal liver metastases （CRLM）.METHODS： IL-8 expression was assessed by quantitative real-time PCR （Q-RT-PCR） and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） in resected specimens from patients with ulcerative colitis （UC, n = 6） colorectal adenomas （CRA, n = 8）, different stages of colorectal cancer （n = 48） as well as synchronous and metachronous CRLM along with their corresponding primary colorectal tumors （n = 16）.RESULTS： IL-8 mRNA and protein expression was significantly up-regulated in all pathological colorectal entities investigated compared with the corresponding neighboring tissues. However, in the CRC specimens IL-8 revealed a significantly more pronounced overexpression in relation to the CRA and UC tissues with an average 30-fold IL-8 protein up-regulation in the CRC specimens in comparison to the CRA tissues. Moreover, [L-8 expression revealed a close correlation with tumor grading. Most interestingly, IL-8 up-regulation was most enhanced in synchronous and metachronous CRLM, if compared with the corresponding primary CRC tissues. Herein, an up to 80-fold IL-8 overexpression in individual metachronous metastases compared to normal tumor neighbor tissues was found.CONCLUSION： Our results strongly suggest an association between IL-8 expression, induction and progression of colorectal carcinoma and the development of colorectal liver metastases.

关键词： Interleukin-8 Gene expression profiling RNA and protein expressioni Colorec cal cancer Colorectalliver metastases

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居民对文化林生态系统服务功能的认知与态度

生态学报 2013年第3期33卷 756-763页

作者：高虹欧阳志云郑华 bettina Bluemling 中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室北京100085 瓦赫宁根大学环境政策系

文化林是按照文化传统和风俗习惯来保护和管理的森林,在保护生物多样性的同时也维持了生态系统服务功能。采用半结构式访谈法调查了文化林周边村民对文化林的生态系统服务功能的认知及保护意愿,结果表明:(1)村民认为文化林提供的最重要... 详细信息

文化林是按照文化传统和风俗习惯来保护和管理的森林,在保护生物多样性的同时也维持了生态系统服务功能。采用半结构式访谈法调查了文化林周边村民对文化林的生态系统服务功能的认知及保护意愿,结果表明:(1)村民认为文化林提供的最重要的服务功能为固碳释养、水源涵养及美学价值,并与最满意的服务功能间存在正相关关系。最期望提高的服务功能是文化功能,例如:生态旅游,美学价值。(2)相对周边其他森林村民对文化林的资源利用较小,主要是非林木产品,平均26.3%的被访村民在文化林中获得过收入,40.6%的被访者获得山野菜、竹子、中药材、薪柴等。但90.1%被访者从其他森林中得到薪柴等林产品,开展旅游村落的村民获得林产品比例相对较小,但管护意愿相对较低。(3)村民对文化林的保护积极性较高,70.4%的被访者愿意花时间来管护森林,距文化林越近、家庭收入越高,管护意愿越高。38.9%的被访者愿意支付费用来维持服务功能不变化,距文化林越近,管护意愿越低的被访者,支付意愿越高。(4)通过了解村民对文化林的态度和认知,对我国农村森林生态系统服务功能和天然林保护具有重要意义。建议大力宣传文化林的生态系统服务功能,尤其是文化功能,并寻找替代生计提高居民收入,雇佣当地男性村民看护森林,充分利用村民的传统知识加强共管力度,完善村规民约,在今后规划中尽量将村落沿着文化林布局,积极支持对文化林的保护和发展。

关键词：生态系统服务功能文化林态度支付意愿管护意愿

Multi-level governance through adaptive co-management:conflict resolution in a Brazilian state park

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Ecological Processes 2014年第1期3卷 201-213页

作者： Barbara Schroter Karla Sessin-Dilascio Claas Meyer bettina Matzdorf Claudia Sattler Angela Meyer Gregor Giersch Camila Jerico-Daminello Lukas Wortmann Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research(ZALF) Institute of Socio-EconomicsEberswalder Straβe 8415374 MünchebergGermany Instituto de Eletrotecnica e Energia(IEE)da Universidade de São Paulo(USP) Servico Tecnico AcademicoSecretaria de Pos GraduacaoAvenida Professor Luciano Gualberto1289Cidade Universitaria05508-010 Sao PauloSPBrazil Organisation for International Dialogue and Conflict Management(IDC) Kaiserstrasse 50/6Vienna 1070Austria

Introduction:Communities situated in protected areas generate conflicts among park administrators,residents and *** they stay or should they go?This article presents a positive example of a community existing in a state *** study describes the community’s governance process as well as how the park administration and the community solve the conflicts that arise and achieve a method of co-management in a multi-level governance ***:The analysis is based on the Management and Transition Framework(MTF).We used a case study approach and collected data via document study,participatory observation and qualitative ***:We find that the agreed system of community-based co-management has improved the implementation and enforcement of the state park’s rules through negotiation and communication mechanisms in the park *** relative success is due to the construction of social capital,equality and ***:For state parks in similar situations,the findings suggest that:1)a community should have at least a minimal level of self-organization;2)the empowerment of the community in the decision-making process is useful;3)the park administration should gain the trust of the residents;and 4)the effective management of ecosystem services can create a win-win situation for the community as well as the park.

关键词： Management of ecosystem services Social capital Protected areas Communities Latin America

林牧系统的树木中豆科植物的比例减少并不影响其内部的氮吸收效率

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2023年第3期16卷 40-53页

作者： Andrea Schmiedgen Martin Komainda Manfred Kayser bettina Tonn Johannes Isselstein Grassland Science Department of Crop SciencesGeorg-August-University GöttingenD-37075 GöttingenGermany Centre of Biodiversity&Sustainable Land Use D-37077 GöttingenGermany Geo-Lab University of VechtaD-49377 VechtaGermany Department of Livestock Sciences FiBLCH-5070 FrickSwitzerland

在以豆科植物为主的草地中,豆科植物通过生物固氮为草地提供氮(N)。以往对林牧系统的研究发现,树木附近的豆科植物比例下降,将导致N供应以及树间草坪收获的牧草中N浓度的空间变化。在自然生态系统中,氮吸收效率(NRE)随着养分限制而增加... 详细信息

在以豆科植物为主的草地中,豆科植物通过生物固氮为草地提供氮(N)。以往对林牧系统的研究发现,树木附近的豆科植物比例下降,将导致N供应以及树间草坪收获的牧草中N浓度的空间变化。在自然生态系统中,氮吸收效率(NRE)随着养分限制而增加,所以在树木附近豆科植物比较稀缺。本研究验证了以下假设,即树木附近的NRE增加,补偿了豆科植物相对于牧草中N浓度的损失。为此,本研究分析了5年前建立的巷道种植系统中,分布在林木间的两种由豆科草本植物为主的植被组成。研究结果表明,豆科植物的比例向树线方向下降了45%,因此,活的和枯死的牧草中的N浓度也下降了,但平均仅下降了15%。由于N浓度降低以及靠近树木的牧草质量下降,N产量最多下降了50%。尽管树木附近的豆科植物减少,但无论植被组成如何,NRE都不受树线的影响。此外,与未管理的生态系统相比,收获之间的落叶间隔较短的林牧草地中管理草坪的内部N循环的相关性较低。豆科植物的比例控制着活的和枯死的草本植物的N浓度,而与林牧系统中的树木遮阴无关。

关键词：农林业氮循环草地管理豆科植物