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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第5期65卷 1160-1168页

作者： CHEN GuoYin GUO Ying HSIAO S.benjamin HOU Kai ZHU MeiFang State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials College of Materials Science and EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China Department of Chemistry Stony Brook UniversityNew York11794USA

In recent years,conductive hydrogels have become a promising candidate for application in fields such as tissue engineering and flexible electronic devices because of their conductivity,soft and wet ***,the preparation of tough and uniformly conductive hydrogels remains challenging because conductive nanofillers tend to aggregate during hydrogel ***,a hydrophilic polymer assistant dispersion strategy is proposed to fabricate a tough,conductive composite hydrogel with doublenetwork based on well-dispersed carbon nanotubes(CNTs).In particular,A@T_(2.0)/polyacrylamide(PAM)hydrogels showed a tensile strength of 332.9 kPa,elongation of 584.6%,Young’s modulus of 91.5 kPa,and conductivity of 2.765 S m^(-1),and a demonstration was performed to show the strain sensing for health monitoring and *** showed that the fabricated conductive hydrogels offer promising and broad insights in the field of wearable sensors for health monitoring,innovative electronics,and human-machine interactions.

关键词： alginate carbon nanotubes conductive hydrogel tough force sensing

Neuroimaging the effects of smartphone(over-)use on brain function and structure-a review on the current state of MRI-based findings and a roadmap for future research

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Psychoradiology 2023年第1期3卷 36-48页

作者： Christian Montag benjamin Becker Department of Molecular Psychology.Institute of Psychology and Education Ulm UniversityUlm 89081Germany The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental HealthSichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengdu 611731China Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroinformnationSchool of Life Science and TedhnologyUniversity of Electronic Science and TechnologyChengdu 611731China

The smartphone represents a transformative device that dramatically changed our daily lives,including how we communicate,work,entertain ourselves,and navigate through unknown *** its ubiquitous availability and impact on nearly every aspect of our lives,debates on the potential impact of smartphone(over-)use on the brain and whether smartphone use can be“addictive”have increased over the last *** studies have used magnetic resonance imaging to characterize associations between individual differences in excessive smartphone use and variations in brain structure or ***,it is an opportune time to summarize and critically reflect on the available *** this overview,we present a roadmap for future research to improve our understanding of how excessive smartphone use can affect the brain,mental health,and cognitive and affective functions.

关键词： smartphone smartphone use disorder problematic smartphone use smartphone addiction internet internet addiction MRI review brain fMRI mental health

Clinical and pathophysiological understanding of the hepatorenal syndrome:Still wrong or still not exactly right?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第6期11卷 1261-1266页

作者： benjamin Wilde Ali Canbay Antonios Katsounas Department of Nephrology University of Duisburg-EssenUniversity Hospital EssenEssen 45147Germany Department of Medicine Ruhr University BochumBochum 44892Germany

The hepatorenal syndrome(HRS)is one major extrahepatic complication of endstage liver *** circulatory dysregulation is considered as primary etiology for HRS,cirrhosis-related(systemic)inflammation and/or cardial dysfunction may also play a key pathogenic role in HRS *** of other causes of acute kidney injury(AKI)is required for diagnosis of HRS-AKI by the definition of the International Club of ***,the pathophysiology of HRS is not understood completely and there are still limited therapeutic *** of renal dysfunction after liver transplantation indicates that HRS-AKI is a functional disorder caused by altered cellular *** interplay between systemic inflammation and the onset of kidneyrelated hypometabolism may have a key role and needs to be studied in *** minireview challenges simplified views of the HRS in the context of diagnostics and therapy stressing the need for further evidence to advance the knowledge on this syndrome.

关键词： Hepatorenal syndrome Liver disease Cirrhosis Inflammation Chronic kidney disease Acute kidney injury

Therapeutic role of psilocybin and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine in trauma:A literature review

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第5期13卷 182-190页

作者： Lakshan N Fonseka benjamin KP Woo Harvard South Shore-Psychiatry Residency Program Veteran Affairs Boston Healthcare SystemBrocktonMA 02301United States Chinese American Health Promotion Laboratory University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences Olive View-University of CaliforniaLos Angeles Medical CenterSylmarCA 91342United States Asian American Studies Center University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Podiatric Medicine and Surgery Western University of Health SciencesPomonaCA 91766United States

With the Food and Drug Administration designation in 2017 of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine(MDMA)as a breakthrough therapy in post-traumatic stress disorder and psilocybin in treatment-resistant depression,psychedelic drugs have continued to garner the attention of researchers and clinicians for their promise of unmatched,rapid improvement in a multitude of psychiatric *** psychedelic drugs including psilocybin,lysergic acid diethylamide,and ayahuasca,as well as non-classic drugs such as MDMA and ketamine,are currently being investigated for a potential therapeutic role in trauma,depressive disorders,and other ***,psilocybin and MDMA each have a functional profile well-suited for integration with *** present review focuses on psilocybin and MDMA in psychedelic-assisted therapy(PAT),as these studies compose most of the literature *** this review,we discuss the current and future uses of psychedelic drugs,with an emphasis on the role of MDMA and psilocybin in PAT in the setting of trauma and related comorbidities on the efficacy of psychedelic drugs across multiple psychiatric *** article concludes with thoughts for future research,such as incorporating wearables and standardization of symptom scales,therapy styles,and assessment of adverse drug reactions.

关键词： drugs trauma MDMA

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北美灰熊返乡受阻

环球科学 2024年第13期 48-57页

作者：本杰明·卡西迪姜梦鸾(翻译) 罗述金(翻译) 不详北京大学生命科学学院

北喀斯喀特山脉的一项灰熊重引入计划,揭开了公众对人熊冲突的深切恐惧。斯科特·斯凯勒(Scott Schuyler)知道,纽黑勒姆镇的这一夜注定不会轻松。在这个偏远小镇的社区中心,数十位科学家、政府官员和居民齐聚一堂,讨论人类该如何与顶级... 详细信息

北喀斯喀特山脉的一项灰熊重引入计划,揭开了公众对人熊冲突的深切恐惧。斯科特·斯凯勒(Scott Schuyler)知道,纽黑勒姆镇的这一夜注定不会轻松。在这个偏远小镇的社区中心,数十位科学家、政府官员和居民齐聚一堂,讨论人类该如何与顶级捕食者共存。纽黑勒姆由西雅图市城市之光电力公司(Seattle City Light)所有和运营,毗邻美国北喀斯喀特国家公园(North Cascade National Park)。很久以前,这家公司在附近的斯卡吉特河(Skagit River)建造了一系列水坝,为华盛顿州最大的城市(即西雅图市)发电。

关键词：电力公司华盛顿州灰熊西雅图市斯科特捕食者返乡

Isotopic constraints confirm the significant role of microbial nitrogen oxides emissions from the land and ocean environment

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National Science Review 2022年第9期9卷 186-194页

作者： Wei Song Xue-Yan Liu benjamin Z.Houlton Cong-Qiang Liu School of Earth System Science Tianjin University Department of Global Development and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Cornell University

Nitrogen oxides(NOx,the sum of nitric oxide(NO) and N dioxide(NO2)) emissions and deposition have increased markedly over the past several decades,resulting in many adverse outcomes in both terrestrial and oceanic ***,because the microbial NOxemissions have been substantially underestimated on the land and unconstrained in the ocean,the global microbial NOxemissions and their importance relative to the known fossil-fuel NOxemissions remain *** we complied data on stable N isotopes of nitrate in atmospheric particulates over the land and ocean to ground-truth estimates of NOxemissions *** considering the N isotope effect of NOxtransformations to particulate nitrate combined with dominant NOxemissions in the land(coal combustion,oil combustion,biomass burning and microbial N cycle) and ocean(oil combustion,microbial N cycle),we demonstrated that microbial NOxemissions account for 24 ± 4%,58 ± 3% and 31 ± 12% in the land,ocean and global environment,*** amounts of microbial NOxemissions in the land(13.6 ± 4.7 Tg N yr-1),ocean(8.8 ± 1.5 Tg N yr-1) and globe(22.5 ± 4.7 Tg N yr-1) are about 0.5,1.4 and 0.6 times on average those of fossil-fuel NOx emissions in these *** findings provide empirical constraints on model predictions,revealing significant contributions of the microbial N cycle to regional NOx emissions into the atmospheric system,which is critical information for mitigating strategies,budgeting N deposition and evaluating the effects of atmospheric NOxloading on the world.

关键词： NOx emission microbial N cycle nitrate nitrogen deposition nitrogen isotopes

Effect and feasibility of wearable physical activity trackers and pedometers for increasing physical activity and improving health outcomes in cancer survivors:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第2期11卷 184-193页

作者： benjamin Singh Eva M.Zopf Erin J Howden Gallipoli Medical Research Foundation Greenslopes Private HospitalGreenslopesQLD 4120Australia Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research Australian Catholic UniversityMelbourneVIC 3000Australia Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute MelbourneVIC 3004Australia

Purpose:This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of wearable devices for improving physical activity and healthrelated outcomes in cancer ***:CINAHL,Cochrane,Ebscohost,MEDLINE,Pubmed,ProQuest Health and Medical Complete,ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Source,ScienceDirect,and SPORTDiscus databases were searched for randomized controlled trials published before September 1,2020,that evaluated interventions involving wearable devices in cancer *** mean differences(SMDs)were calculated to assess effects on physical activity and health-related *** analyses were conducted to assess whether the effects differed by interventions and cancer *** of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias ***:Thirty-five trials were included(breast cancer,n=15,43%).Intervention durations ranged between 4 weeks and 1 *** trials(n=25,71%)involved pedometer-based physical activity ***(20%)involved Fitbit-based interventions,and 3(9%)involved other wearable physical activity trackers(e.g.,Polar,Garmin).Compared to usual care,wearable devices had moderate-to-large effects(SMD range 0.54-0.87,p<0.001)on moderate-intensity physical activity,moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity,total physical activity,and daily *** to usual care,those in the intervention had higher quality of life,aerobic fitness,physical function,and reduced fatigue(SMD range=0.18-0.66,all p<0.05).Conclusion:Wearable physical activity trackers and pedometers are effective tools that increase physical activity and improve health-related outcomes in individuals with *** how these devices can be implemented for longer-term use with other intervention components remains an area for future research.

关键词： Activity tracker Cancer Exercise Physical activity Wearable

Psychosomatic medicine and consultation-liaison psychiatry around the world: finding unity in the biopsychosocial model

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General Psychiatry 2022年第6期35卷 423-425页

作者： Hochang benjamin Lee Department ot Psychiatry University of Rochester Medical CenterRochester New YorkUSA

Reporting on a‘global'survey in 1969 that included only Germany,Japan,Russia and the USA,Eric Wittkower,the first president of the International College of Psychosomatic Medicine(ICPM)remarked,‘Psychosomatic medicine has indeed come a long way since the early thirties when a small group of research workers,internists,and psychiatrists in various parts of the world laid the foundation stones of what afterwards became the practice and science of psychosomatic medicine'.Over the next half century,psychosomatic medicine spread to all corners of the world with growth in clinical practice,depth of research and training opportunities.A recent book by Hoyle Leigh describes the rise of psychosomatic medicine in no fewer than 18 countries across six continents,although admitting the omission of several countries with a strong presence in psychosomatic medicine,Today,psychosomatic medicine is a thriving field with worldwide reach and it continues to expand.

关键词： finding corners medicine

Traditional Healer’s Medicinal Practice Survey and Clinical Evidence Assessment of “YIKI”: An Antimalarial Phytomedicine Recipe from Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第7期15卷 248-267页

作者： Zachari Kabre Rakiswende Serge Yerbanga Aminata Fofana Roland Nâg-Tiero Meda Anyirekun Fabrice Some Alassane Haro Natacha A. J. A. Boro Fazhira B. Ye benjamin Kouliga Koama Sami Eric Kam Eliasse Zongo Hadidjatou Belèm Windmi Kagambèga Florence Fournet Georges A. Ouedraogo Jean-Bosco Ouedraogo Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sant Direction Rgionale de lOuest Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche et dEnseignement en Sant et Biotechnologies Animales Universit Nazi BONI Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et Techniques Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Recherche en Bactriologie INSP/Centre MURAZ Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso Maladies Infectueuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie Gntique Evolution et Contrle (MIVEGEC) Institut de Recherche pour le Dveloppement Universit de Monpellier Montpellier France

YIKI is an antimalarial phytomedicine used by a traditional healer to treat malaria in Bobo-Dioulasso. However, there is no scientific evidence to support its use by local populations. The aim of this study was to identify the medicinal practices of the healer holder of YIKI and assess the clinical evidence of its phytomedicine in the uncomplicated malaria treatment. Ethnomedical survey based on a semi-structured and open questionnaire was conducted from October to December 2019 with the healer. Malaria knowledge and diagnosis methods, patient treatment and monitoring, and recipe formulation steps were surveyed. Moreover, thick and thin blood smears were taken, haemoglobin levels and temperature of consenting patients were measured before treatment, mid-treatment and at the end of treatment. The survey revealed that the healer has a good knowledge of malaria symptoms and his diagnosis is based on observation and physical examination of patients. The healer’s malaria diagnosis was rudimentary and had accuracy problems, with only 62.79% of malaria cases confirmed by microscopy. The formulation of YIKI and its use to treat malaria follow a standard process for plant harvesting, powder quantities and posology, but do not use any reproducible parameters for dose adjustment. Forty-three patients diagnosed and treated by the healer participated in the study. Laboratory results revealed 27 Plasmodium falciparum infection cases, including 2 with parasitaemia ≥ 200,000 p/µl blood. 25 patients were selected for therapeutic evidence assessment. There was a 48% elimination of parasites, a 28% parasitaemia decrease without complete cure, with gametocytogenesis in some patients, and a 24% parasitaemia increase. Haemoglobin and temperature results suggested that YIKI was not cytotoxic and reduced fever. Encouraging preliminary results have been obtained, but in view of the low number of patients, further YIKI efficacy and toxicity studies will be necessary for patient safety.

关键词： Antimalarial-Phytomedicine Efficacy Traditional Practices Bobo-Dioulasso

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电网的下一场挑战

环球科学 2024年第15期 68-74页

作者：本亚明·舍费尔马克·蒂默郭众(翻译) 德国卡尔斯鲁厄理工学院德国德累斯顿工业大学不详

为了将德国南部的风电送到北部,德国现有的电网必须得到扩充。大部分新增线路都能改善电网,但并非所有线路都是这样。在某些情况下,它们甚至会带来危害。这篇来自《科学美国人》德文版的文章,为我们讲述了德国电网面临的困境,以及他们... 详细信息

为了将德国南部的风电送到北部,德国现有的电网必须得到扩充。大部分新增线路都能改善电网,但并非所有线路都是这样。在某些情况下,它们甚至会带来危害。这篇来自《科学美国人》德文版的文章,为我们讲述了德国电网面临的困境,以及他们的应对策略。

关键词：德国电网应对策略德国南部德文版线路面临的困境