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Arthropods and biofuel production systems in North America

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Insect Science 2010年第3期17卷 220-236页

作者： Douglas A. Landis benjamin P. Werling Department of Entomology and Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center 204 Center for Integrated Plant Systems Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan USA

Biomass harvest may eventually be conducted on over 100 000 000 ha of US crop and forest lands to meet federally-mandated targets for renewable biofuels. Such largescale land use changes could profoundly impact working landscapes and the arthropod communities that inhabit them. We review the literature on dedicated biofuel crops and biomass harvest from forests to look for commonalities in arthropod community responses. With expanded biofuel production, existing arthropod pests of biofuel crops will likely become more important and new pests will emerge. Beneficial arthropods will also be influenced by biofuel crop habitats, potentially altering the distribution of pollination and pest control services to the surrounding landscape. Production of biofuel crops including initial crop selection, genetic improvement, agronomic practices, and harvest regimes will also influence arthropod communities. In turn, arthropods will impact the productivity and species composition of biomass production systems. Some of these processes have the potential to cause landscape-level changes in arthropod community dynamics and insect- vectored plant diseases. Finally, changes in arthropod populations and their spatiotemporal distribution in the landscape will have impacts on consumers of insects at higher trophic levels, potentially influencing their population and community dynamics and producing feedbacks to arthropod communities. Given that dedicated biofuel crops and intensified biomass harvest from forests are still relatively uncommon in North America, as they increase, we anticipate ＇predictably unpredictable＇ shifts in arthropod communities and the ecosystem services and functions they support. We suggest that research on arthropod dynamics within biofuel crops, their spillover into adjacent habitats, and implications for the sustainability of working landscapes are critical topics for both basic and applied investigations.

关键词： biodiversity land use change pest management

A conifer-dominated Early Triassic flora from Southwest China

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Science Bulletin 2018年第22期63卷 1462-1463页

作者： Zhuo Feng Haibo Wei Yun Guo benjamin Bomfleur Institute of Deep Time Terrestrial Ecology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Research Center for Earth System Science Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Institute of Karst Geology Chinese Academy of Geological SciencesGuilin 541004China Forschungsstelle fur Paltiobotanik Westfalische Wilhelms-UniversitatHeisenbergstraβe 2Munster D-48149Germany

The end-Permian mass extinction is the greatest biotic crisis in Earth *** marine species (>95%)and many land tetrapods (>70%)disappeared within a very short time interval [1]. Previous studies of this dramatic event mainly have focused on evolutionary patterns in animal groups prior to the extinction, and on their recovery during the Early Triassic [2].Although some macroevolutionary scenarios have been postulated for the changes in land-plant vegetation through the Permian and Triassic,the severity of extinction and,the timing and radiation pattern in the recovery of plant groups during the Early Triassic are still debated [3].Hitherto there has been little information about plant life in the wake of the end-Permian extinction event,mainly because of the scarcity of records of earliest Triassic plant-bearing deposits *** we report on an Early Triassic flora from Southwest China that provides a rare glimpse into the post-extinction vegetation in the (sub)tropics of Cathavsia.

关键词：生物危机二叠纪三叠纪

Retinal toxicity with Ritonavir

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2016年第4期9卷 640-642页

作者： Yufei Tu Ronald j Poblete benjamin D Freilich Marco A Zarbin Neelakshi Bhagat Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science New Jersey Medical School Rutgers University

Dear sir,Non-systemic,ocular toxicity caused by medications used in highly active antiretroviral therapy（HAART）for human immunodeficiency virus（HIV）infection is an uncommon adverse event[1].Roe et al[2]reported Ri... 详细信息

关键词： toxicity antiretroviral uncommon ocular pigment fluorescein presentation macular fundus noted

Effect of thermo-mechanical conditions during constrained friction processing on the particle refinement of AM50 Mg-alloy phases

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第6期12卷 2298-2311页

作者： Camila Caroline de Castro AndréMartins Neves benjamin Klusemann Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Material and Process DesignSolid-State Materials Processing21502 GeesthachtGermany Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Hydrogen TechnologySystem Design for Mobility21502 GeesthachtGermany Helmut Schmidt University/University of the German Federal Armed Forces Hamburg Department of Mechanical and Civil Engineering22043 HamburgGermany Leuphana University Lüneburg Institute for Production Technology and Systems21335 LüneburgGermany

Constrained Friction Processing(CFP)is a novel solid-state processing technique suitable for lightweight materials,such Mg-and *** technique enables grain size refinement to fine or even ultrafine *** this study,the effect of CFP on the microstructural refinement of AM50 rods is investigated in terms of particle size and morphology of the eutectic and secondary phases originally present in the base material,in particular the eutecticβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12)and Al-Mn *** that purpose,as-cast and solution heat-treated base material and processed samples were *** Al_(8)Mn_(5) intermetallic phase was identified as the main secondary phase present in all samples before and after the processing.A notorious refinement of these particles was observed,starting from particles with an average equivalent length of a few micrometers to around 560 nm after the *** refinement of the secondary phase refinement is attributed to a mechanism analogous to the attrition comminution,where the combination of temperature increase and shearing of the material enables the continuous breaking of the brittle intermetallic particles into smaller *** for the eutectic phase,the results indicate the presence of the partially divorcedβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12)particles exclusively in the as-cast base material,indicating that no further phase transformations regarding the eutectic phase,such as dynamic precipitation,occurred after the *** the case of the processed as-cast material analyzed after the CFP,the thermal energy generated during the processing led to temperature values above the solvus limit of the eutectic phase,which associated with the mechanical breakage of the particles,enabled the complete dissolution of this ***,CFP was successfully demonstrated to promote an extensive microstructure refinement in multiple aspects,in terms of grain sizes of theα-Mg phase and presence and morphology of the Al-Mn and eutecticβ-Mg_(17)Al_(12).

关键词： Constrained friction processing AM50 Refill friction stir spot welding Extrusion β-Mg_(17)Al_(12) Al-Mn phases

Giant mid-IR resonant coupling to molecular vibrations in sub-nm gaps of plasmonic multilayer metafilms

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Light(Science & Applications) 2022年第10期11卷 2476-2484页

作者： Rakesh Arul David-benjamin Grys Rohit Chikkaraddy Niclas S.Mueller Angelos Xomalis Ermanno Miele Tijmen Geuser jeremy j.Baumberg NanoPhotonics Centre Cavendish LaboratoryDepartment of PhysicsJJ Thompson AvenueUniversity of CambridgeCambridge CB30HEUnited Kingdom The Faraday Institution Quad OneHarwell Science and Innovation CampusDidcotUnited Kingdom

Nanomaterials capable of confining light are desirable for enhancing spectroscopies such as Raman scattering,infrared absorption,and nonlinear optical *** superlattices have shown the ability to host collective resonances in the mid-infrared,but require stringent fabrication processes to create well-ordered ***,we demonstrate how short-range-ordered Au nanoparticle multilayers on a mirror,self-assembled by a sub-nm molecular spacer,support collective plasmon-polariton resonances in the visible and infrared,continuously tunable beyond 11 pm by simply varying the nanoparticle size and number of *** resulting molecule-plasmon system approaches vibrational strong coupling,and displays giant Fano dip strengths,SEIRA enhancement factors~106,light-matter coupling strengths g~100 cm-1,Purcell factors~106,and mode volume compression factors~*** collectiive plasmon-polariton mode is highly robust to nanoparticle vacancy disorder and is sustained by the consistent gap size defined by the molecular *** disorder efficiently couples light into the gaps between the multilayers and mirror,enabling Raman and infrared sensing of sub-picolitre sample volumes.

关键词： coupling collective mirror

Hydrocarbon reserves of the South China Sea:Implications for regional energy security

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Energy Geoscience

Energy Geoscience 2020年第1期1卷 1-7页

作者： Mu Ramkumar M.Santosh Manoj j.Mathew David Menier R.Nagarajan benjamin Sautter Department of Geology Periyar UniversitySalem636011India School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences Beijing29 Xueyuan RoadBeijing100083China Department of Earth Sciences University of AdelaideSA5005Australia Shale Gas Research Group Institute of Hydrocarbon RecoveryUniversiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610Seri IskandarMalaysia Laboratoire Geosciences Ocean(LGO) GMGL UMR CNRS 6538Universite de Bretagne Sud56017 Vannes CedexFrance Department of Applied Geology Curtin University SarawakMalaysia Department of Geosciences Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS32610Seri IskandarMalaysia

The countries such as China,Vietnam,Philippines,Malaysia,Indonesia and Brunei that border South China Sea region have immense stakes in exploring and exploiting the natural resources of the region including *** than the hydrocarbon reserves,the South China Sea is home to World’s high-networth trade route that brings the interests of non-geographic entities to this ***,the purported reserves of hydrocarbon in the region are in the orders of Persian Gulf but are not yet properly explored and the reserves recovered owing to territorial and non-claimant stakeholder’s influences/*** paper is a synopsis of information on the hydrocarbon reserves of the South China Sea region,and evaluates the territorial and extra-territorial interests in the light of energy security and equitable development and utilization of natural resources from a geological *** also suggest several measures for future consideration and implementation.

关键词： Energy security South China Sea Hydrocarbon-flashpoint Exploration Marine resources

Generation of meaningful synthetic sensor data—Evaluated with a reliable transferability methodology

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Energy and AI 2024年第1期15卷 248-264页

作者： Michael Meiser benjamin Duppe Ingo Zinnikus Deutsches Forschungszentrum für künstliche Intelligenz(DFKI) Stuhlsatzenhausweg 3Saarbrücken66123SaarlandGermany

As households are equipped with smart meters,supervised Machine Learning(ML)models and especially Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring(NILM)disaggregation algorithms are becoming increasingly *** be robust,these models require a large amount of data,which is difficult to ***,the generation of meaningful synthetic data is becoming more *** use a simulation framework to generate multiple datasets using different techniques and evaluate their quality statistically by measuring the performance of NILM models for *** demonstrate that the method of data generation is crucial to train ML models in a meaningful *** experiments conducted reveal that adding noise to the synthetic smart meter data is essential to train robust NILM models for *** best results are obtained when this noise is derived from unknown appliances for which no ground truth data is *** we observed that NILM models can provide unstable results,we develop a reliable evaluation methodology,based on Cochran’s sample ***,we compare the quality of the generated synthetic data with real data and observe that multiple NILM models trained on synthetic data perform significantly better than those trained on real data.

关键词： Smart home Synthetic sensor data Energy data Transfer learning Evaluation methodology Machine learning Neural networks NILM Seq2point WindowGRU DAE Seq2seq RNN

Alcoholic Hepatitis:Lost in Translation

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journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2018年第1期6卷 89-96页

作者： benjamin L. Woolbright Hartmut jaeschke Department of Pharmacology Toxicology&TherapeuticsUniversity of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKansasUSA

Alcoholic hepatitis is the most severe and acute form of alcoholic liver *** mortality rate associated with alcoholic hepatitis is high,largely due to the lack of suitable pharmacological *** there has been substantial research in the area,generating pharmacological interventions has been plagued by the lack of a robust mouse model both for testing and for understanding the underlying pathology.A number of major notable advances have been made in this area recently,with the goal of generating a mouse model of alcoholic *** purpose of this article is to review recent advances in modeling alcoholic liver disease both in vitro and in vivo in the mouse,and place them in the context of the greater spectrum of alcoholic liver disease,with a focus on how we can translate current advances into a high-fidelity model of alcoholic *** addition,we will review the basic mechanisms of alcoholic hepatitis as it is currently understood,focusing on recent advancements in diagnosis,prognosis and current pathophysiology,especially as it relates to the profound immune dysfunction present during alcoholic hepatitis.

关键词： Alcoholic hepatitis Alcohol Liver disease Cirrhosis Prognosis Keratin-18

Benefits for the bunker industry in adopting blockchain technology for dispute resolution

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Blockchain(Research and Applications) 2023年第2期4卷 101-112页

作者： Daniel Adam Dante benjamin Matellini Anna Kaparaki Liverpool john Moores University James Parsons BuildingByrom StreetLiverpool L33AFUK

he bunker industry has faced negative perception to their trust and credibility in recent *** is further compounded by the need for the industry to answer new challenges to meet the requirement of the International Maritime Organization *** aim of this work is to illustrate how blockchain technology may be adopted for aiding in bunker dispute *** demonstrate how blockchain may aid in disputes within the bunker industry,this paper first examines the existing bunker supply process,which involves the formation of contracts under English law,the Bunker Delivery Notes,the different types of disputes that may arise during a bunker transaction and the methods of dispute resolution utilised by the ***,the current literature in relation to blockchain technology and blockchain smart contracts is ***,interviews and surveys within the industry have been conducted to identify the benefits and challenges in adopting blockchain *** research found that blockchains may benefit the bunker supply chain offering the effective resolution of bunker quality ***,blockchains may also serve as a verification tool for electronic bunker delivery notes,which may aid quality and quantity bunker disputes as well as compliance with the new International Maritime Organisation 2020 *** a result,despite the research having shown blockchain to be situationally dependent and having an element of legal uncertainty,blockchain does offer a solution to aid in bunker disputes and for improving the trust and credibility within the bunker industry.

关键词： Bunker industry Bunker supply contracts Dispute resolution Blockchain smart contracts Electronic bunker delivery notes