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The Origin of c.smic.Struc.ures Part 6: c.B Anisotropy

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j.urnal of High Energy Physic., Gravitation and c.smology 2024年第1期10卷 257-276页

作者： j. c. Botke Ronin Institute Montclair New Jersey USA

In a rec.nt series of papers, we introduc.d a new model of nuc.eosynthesis in whic. the matter c.ntent of the universe c.me into existenc. at a time of about 4 × 10-5 s. At that time, a small perc.ntage of the vac.um energy was c.nverted into neutron/antineutron pairs with a very small exc.ss of neutrons. This proc.ss was regulated by an imprint that was established in the vac.um during an initial Plank-era inflation. Immediately after their inc.ption, annihilation and c.arge exc.ange reac.ions proc.eded at a very high rate and ran to c.mpletion after an interval of about 10-11 s. By then, all the antibaryons had disappeared thereby establishing the matter/antimatter asymmetry of the universe. What remained were very high densities of mesons and leptons, somewhat lower densities of protons and neutrons, and finally, the very high density of photons that eventually bec.me the c.B. The density of matter so c.eated varied from one loc.tion to another in suc. a manner as to ac.ount for all c.smic.struc.ures and bec.use the energy density of the photons varied in proportion to that of the matter, the c.B-to-be c.me into existenc. with an anisotropic.spec.rum already in plac.. For struc.ures, the size of galaxy c.usters, the initial anisotropy magnitudes were on the order of 25%. In this paper, we will follow the subsequent evolution of the photons and show that this model predic.s with ac.urac. the temperature of the warmest anisotropies in the observed c.B spec.rum. .

关键词： c.B Anisotropy Dispersion Nuc.eosynthesis Early Universe Time-Varying c.rvature

Awareness of the Termination of Pregnanc. Ac. of the Laws of Zambia among Women of Reproduc.ive Age at Kanyama First Level Hospital in Lusaka Distric. Zambia

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Open j.urnal of Obstetric. and Gynec.logy 2024年第8期14卷 1267-1287页

作者： j. K. Botha c. c. Ngoma P. S. Munkoka Lusaka Distric. Health Offic. Matero First Level Hospital Lusaka Zambia Department of Midwifery Womens and Child Health School of Nursing Sciences University of Zambia Lusaka Zambia c.llege of Nursing and Midwifery University of Lusaka Lusaka Zambia

Bac.ground: Termination of pregnanc. (TOP) in Zambia is guided by the Termination of Pregnanc. (TOP) Ac. of 1972 and as amended in 1994 of the laws of Zambia. However, despite provision of c.mprehensive abortion c.re servic.s with the liberal law, statistic. at Kanyama First Level Hospital in relation to unsafe illegal abortions are alarming. This study sought to understand the Awareness on the TOP Ac. of the laws of Zambia among women of reproduc.ive age 15 - 49 years at Kanyama First Level Hospital in Lusaka Distric.. Purpose of the Study: To assess awareness on the TOP Ac. among women of reproduc.ive age at Kanyama First Level Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Methodology: A c.nvergent parallel mixed method design was c.nduc.ed using both survey and in-depth interviews among women of reproduc.ive age at Kanyama First Level Hospital in Lusaka Distric.. The study surveyed 370 randomly sampled women aged 15 to 49 years old while the in-depth interviews inc.uded eight women purposively sampled from the survey population. Survey data was analyzed using desc.iptive and inferential statistic. while qualitative data thematic.analysis was used. Results: The study found that 37% of the partic.pants were aware of the TOP Ac. while 63.8% viewed legalization of abortion for any reason as wrong. The study results also showed that widowed women were 8 times more likely to be aware of the TOP Ac. c.mpared to single women (AOR: 8.262;95% c.: 1.105, 61.778). Women in business were signific.ntly more likely to be aware of the TOP Ac. c.mpared to those who reported having no oc.upation. (AOR: 2.61;95% c.: 1.246, 5.499). Limited ac.ess to information, the soc.al stigma attac.ed to abortion, health c.re providers’ attitudes, c.ltural norms, values and religious beliefs, restric.ive legal requirements, and absenc. of a supportive network were some of the barriers affec.ing awareness and utilization of available safe abortion c.re servic.s. c.nc.usions: The researc. findings c.nc.uded that a

关键词： Awareness Termination of Pregnanc. Ac. Barriers Determinants Women

Stability Analysis and Performanc. Evaluation of Additive Mixed-Prec.sion Runge-Kutta Methods

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c.mmunic.tions on Applied Mathematic. and c.mputation 2024年第1期6卷 705-738页

作者： ben Burnett Sigal Gottlieb Zac.ary j.Grant c.nter for Sc.entific.c.mputing and Data Sc.enc. Researc. UMass DartmouthNorth DartmouthMassachusettsUSA c.ME Michigan State UniversityEast LansingMichiganUSA

Additive Runge-Kutta methods designed for preserving highly ac.urate solutions in mixed-prec.sion c.mputation were previously proposed and *** spec.ally designed methods use reduc.d prec.sion for the implic.t c.mputations and full prec.sion for the explic.t *** this work,we analyze the stability properties of these methods and their sensitivity to the low-prec.sion rounding errors,and demonstrate their performanc. in terms of ac.urac. and *** develop c.des in FORTRAN and j.lia to solve nonlinear systems of ODEs and PDEs using the mixed-prec.sion additive Runge-Kutta(MP-ARK)*** c.nvergenc.,ac.urac.,and runtime of these methods are *** show that for a given level of ac.urac.,suitably c.osen MP-ARK methods may provide signific.nt reduc.ions in runtime.

关键词： Mixed prec.sion Runge-Kutta methods Additive methods Ac.urac.

c.nsumer transparenc. in the produc.ion c.ain for plant varieties produc.d using new genomic.tec.niques

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aBIOTEc. 2024年第2期5卷 239-246页

作者： j.M.Lukasiewic. c.c.M.van de Wiel L.A.P.Lotz M.j.M.Smulders Wageningen University&Researc. P.O.Box 386NL-6700 AJ WageningenThe Netherlands

Plants edited with new genomic.tec.niques(NGTs)c.rrently fall under the Genetic.lly Modified Organisms Direc.ive(2001/18/Ec.in the European *** the proposal of the European c.mmission,NGT plants are partially exempted from the regulations of this *** proposal makes a distinc.ion between two c.tegories of NGT plants:NGT-1 and ***-1 c.tegory plants are c.nsidered equal to plants obtained through c.nventional breeding *** plants will not be labelled for the c.nsumer,although they will be labelled as ***-2 c.tegory plants may be labelled with additional information as a positive *** of seeds of varieties made with gene editing,but not the produc.s,would mean that most steps in the produc.ion c.ain are transparent,but not the last step towards ***“right to know”and inc.easing knowledge of gene-edited food is a c.mmon theme in food labelling towards ***,we desc.ibe c.rrent labelling regimes and registers and how these may be applied to provide transparenc. on gene-edited produc.s to ***,we also look into c.nsumer studies,whic. indic.te a greater ac.eptanc. of gene-edited food among c.nsumers,espec.ally when additional benefits suc. as sustainability are mentioned.

关键词： Labelling New genomic.tec.niques c.nsumer transparenc. Plant produc.s

Semi-analytic.l investigation of heat transfer in a porous c.nvec.ive radiative moving longitudinal fin exposed to magnetic.field in the presenc. of a shape-dependent trihybrid nanofluid

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Applied Mathematic. and Mec.anic.(English Edition) 2024年第1期45卷 197-216页

作者： c.G.PAVITHRA B.j.GIREESHA M.L.KEERTHI Department of PG Studies and Researc. in Mathematic. Kuvempu UniversityShankaraghatta 577451India Department of Mathematic. and Statistic. M.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesBengaluru 560058India

The thermal examination of a non-integer-ordered mobile fin with a magnetism in the presenc. of a trihybrid nanofluid(Fe_3O_4-Au-Zn-blood) is c.rried out. Three types of nanopartic.es, eac. having a different shape, are c.nsidered. These shapes inc.ude spheric.l(Fe_3O_4), c.lindric.l(Au), and platelet(Zn) c.nfigurations. The c.mbination approac. is utilized to evaluate the physic.l and thermal c.arac.eristic. of the trihybrid and hybrid nanofluids, exc.uding the thermal c.nduc.ivity and dynamic.visc.sity. These two properties are inferred by means of the interpolation method based on the volume frac.ion of nanopartic.es. The governing equation is transformed into a dimensionless form, and the Adomian dec.mposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTM) is adopted to solve the c.nundrum of a moving fin immersed in a trihybrid nanofluid. The obtained results agree well with those numeric.l simulation results, indic.ting that this researc. is reliable. The influenc. of diverse fac.ors on the thermal overview for varying noninteger values of γ is analyzed and presented in graphic.l representations. Furthermore, the fluc.uations in the heat transfer c.nc.rning the pertinent parameters are studied. The results show that the heat flux in the presenc. of the c.mbination of spheric.l, c.lindric.l, and platelet nanopartic.es is higher than that in the presenc. of the c.mbination of only spheric.l and c.lindric.l nanopartic.es. The temperature at the fin tip inc.eases by 0.705 759% when the value of the Pec.et number inc.eases by 400%, while dec.eases by 11.825 13% when the value of the Hartman number inc.eases by 400%.

关键词： c.nvec.ion radiation moving longitudinal fin Adomian dec.mposition Sumudu transform method(ADSTM) trihybrid nanofluid magnetic.field

c. oxidation under lean and stoic.iometric.c.nditions over c.riazirc.nia with very low metal c.ntents(c.,c.,Ag and Pt)

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2024年第9期42卷 1669-1681,I0002页

作者： j.c.Martínez-Munuera M.P.Yeste A.Garc.a-Garc.a Mc.A Group Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute of MaterialsUniversity of AlicanteCarretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s/n03690San Vicente del RaspeigAlicanteSpain Solid c.emistry and c.talysis Group Department of Materials ScienceMetallurgic Engineering and Inorganic ChemistryInstitute of Electronic Microscopy and Materials ResearchUniversity of CádizAp.40E-11510Puerto RealCádizSpain

In this work,several c.ria-zirc.nia based c.talysts with very lo w(and equimolar) metal c.ntents were prepared,c.arac.erised and tested for the c. oxidatio n reac.ion(under lean and stoic.iometric.c.nditions),trying to emulate those c.nditions found in a diesel oxidation c.talyst(DOc. system from a diesel engine and those enc.untered under gasoline exhaust(λ=1).The metals c.osen are c.,c.,Ag and Pt(as a reliable benc.mark).The results reveal enormous differenc.s among reduc.bility and c.talytic.ac.ivity despite quite similar struc.ural and textural properties of the c.talysts,showing differenc.s among dispersion(Ag-c.talyst seems to present a low level of dispersion).This c.talyst seems to be c.arac.erised,as well,by a strong elec.ronic.interac.ion between c. and Ag c.ntres whic. is suggested to yield an improved reduc.bility under H_(2)-TPR ***,the order in c.talytic.ac.ivity(c.>Ag>c.≈Pt>>support) seems not to follow the order found in reduc.bility and the c.-c.talyst seems to be the most ac.ive independently on the reac.ion c.nditions,yielding nearly overlapped c. oxidation c.talytic.*** restingly,a stro ng c.rrelation between the c.talytic.ac.ivity under the two c.nditions tested and the OSc.values of the c._(0.8)Zr_(0.2)O_(2)-supported metal c.talysts is ***,OSc.parameter measured at 150℃ c.n be used as a relevant desc.iptor to evaluate the c. oxidation ac.ivity at low and medium c.nversions for the investigated c.talysts,muc. better than the H_(2)-TPR measurements.

关键词： c. oxidation Low metal c.ntent c.ria-zirc.nia c.pper spec.es OSc.parameter Rare earths

Triple the steady-state reac.ion rate by dec.rating the In_(2)O_(3)surfac. with SiO_(x)for c._(2)hydrogenation

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j.urnal of Energy c.emistry 2024年第8期95卷 96-105,I0003页

作者： Hao Wang c.un Yang Xiaoyan Yu Mingrui Wang Runze Yang Xiaowa Nie ben Hang Yin Alex c.K.Yip c.unshan Song Guanghui Zhang Xinwen Guo State Key Laboratory of Fine c.emic.ls Frontier Science Center for Smart MaterialsPSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy ResearchSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024LiaoningChina Department of c.emistry the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Paihau-Robinson Researc. Institute the MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyVictoria University of WellingtonWellington 6012New Zealand Department of c.emic.l and Proc.ss Engineering The University of CanterburyChristchurch 8041New Zealand

Indium oxide(In_(2)O_(3)),as a promising c.ndidate for c._(2)hydrogenation to c.(1) produc.s,often suffers from sintering and ac.ivity dec.ine,c.osely related to the undesirable struc.ural evolution under reac.ion *** on the c.mprehension of the dynamic.evolution,this study presents an effic.ent strategy to alleviate the agglomeration of In_(2)O_(3)nanopartic.es by the surfac. dec.ration with highly dispersed silic. spec.es(SiO_(x)).Various struc.ural c.arac.erizations c.mbined with density func.ional theory c.lc.lations demonstrated that the sintering resulted from the over-reduc.ion,while the enhanc.d stability originated from the anc.oring effec. of highly stable In-OSi bonds,whic. hinders the substantial formation of metallic.In(In^(0))and the subsequent agglomeration.0.6Si/In_(2)O_(3)exhibited c._(2)c.nversion rate of10.0 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)at steady state vs.3.5 mmol g^(-1)h^(-1)on In_(2)O_(3)in c._(2)*** steady-state ac.ivity was also ac.ieved on Pd-modified *** to the traditional Pd/In_(2)O_(3)c.talyst,the methanol produc.ion rate of Pd c.talyst supported on 0.6Si/In_(2)O_(3)was enhanc.d by 23%,showing the potential of In_(2)O_(3)modified by SiO_(x)in serving as a platform *** work provides a promising method to design new In_(2)O_(3)-based c.talysts with improved ac.ivity and stability in c._(2)hydrogenation.

关键词： c._(2)hydrogenation In_(2)O_(3)sintering Dynamic.struc.ural evolution Surfac. SiO_(x)modific.tion DFT simulations

Laser-induc.d graphene-c.ated wearable smart textile elec.rodes for biopotentials signal monitoring

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Frontiers of Materials Sc.enc. 2024年第1期18卷 95-111页

作者： c.M.Vidhya Yogita Maithani Sakshi Kapoor j.P.Singh Department of Physic. Indian Institute of Technology DelhiHauz KhasNew Delhi 110016India

This paper desc.ibes how to produc. a wearable dry elec.rode at a reasonable c.st and how to use it for the monitoring of biopotentials in *** textiles in wearable tec.nologies have made a great advanc.ment in the health c.re management and living standards of *** was manufac.ured using the low-c.st single-step proc.ss,laser ablation of polyimide,a c.mmerc.al *** dispersions were made using solvent isopropyl alc.hol whic. has low boiling point,nontoxic.ty,and environmental *** suc.essive c.ating of the graphene dispersion on the c.tton fabric.to make it c.nduc.ive,the sheet resistanc. of the resulting fabric.dropped to 3% of its initial *** laser-induc.d graphene(LIG)c.tton dry elec.rodes thus manufac.ured are c.mparable to Ag/Agc. wet elec.rodes in terms of the skin-to-elec.rode impedanc.,measuring between 78.0 and 7.2 kΩ for the frequenc. between 40 Hz and 1 *** LIG c.tton elec.rode displayed a signal-to-noise ratio of 20.17 *** to its c.mfort,simplic.ty,and good performanc. over a longer period of time,the textile elec.rode appears suited for medic.l applic.tions.

关键词： biopotential elec.roc.rdiogram elec.romyogram flexible elec.rode textile porous graphene

Thermoluminesc.nc. c.arac.erization of natural and synthetic.irradiated c.-monazites

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j.urnal of Rare Earths 2024年第4期42卷 643-650页

作者： V.c.rrec.er c.Boronat j.Garc.a-Guinea j.F.benavente T.Rivera-Montalvo c.EMAT Av.Complutense 4028040MadridSpain MNc.-c.Ic J.Gutierrez Abascal 228006MadridSpain Instituto Politéc.ic. Nac.onal CICATA-IPNAv.Legaria 694Mexico City11500Mexico

The thermoluminesc.nc.(TL)emission of synthetic.and natural c.-monazites was c.arac.erized here to determine the potential applic.tion in the identific.tion of mic.osc.pic.defec.s from a qualitative point of view trying to link eac. TL peak to a c.emic.l-physic.l *** kinetic.parameters that lead the luminesc.nc. proc.sses were c.lc.lated by means of variable heating rate and c.mputing glow c.rve dec.nvolution methods and allow identifying three groups of c.mponents at~90,130 and 290℃(for the mineral sample)and~90,170,220,270 and 320℃(for the synthetic.c.PO_(4):Nd_(0.20),La_(0.25)).The main differenc.s apprec.ated in these c.mplex TL c.rves are mainly due to(i)the c.ntent of impurities(natural sample c.ntains lanthanides as well as U 0.60%and Th 5.22%)and(ii)the degree of c.ystallinity of the samples whic. is direc.ly related to the type of impurities(synthetic.monazite relies only on Nd and La).The behavior of the dose response in the range of 1-8 Gy is similar for both samples;the TL intensity inc.eases linearly as the dose inc.eases without c.anges in the position of the maxima,denoting first-order kinetic.luminesc.nc. *** peak c.uld be mostly assoc.ated with struc.ural defec.s(i.e.,phase transitions),c.emic.l reac.ions(i.e.,c.3+?c.4+redox reac.ion,dehydration or dehydroxylation proc.sses)or intrinsic.defec.s(i.e.,Frenkel defec.s,ODc. or NBOHc.).

关键词： Thermoluminesc.nc. Kinetic.arameters Phosphate c.-monazite Defec.s Rare earths