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In-situ formation of Ti-Mo biomaterials by selective laser melting of Ti/Mo and Ti/Mo_(2)C powder mixtures:A comparative study on microstructure,mechanical and wear performance,and thermal mechanisms

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第20期115卷 81-96页

作者： Qimin Shi Shoufeng Yang Yi Sun Yifei Gu Ben Mercelis Shengping Zhong bart van meerbeek Constantinus Politis KU Leuven Department of Biomedical SciencesOMFS-IMPATH Research Group&UZ Leuven(University Hospitals Leuven)Oral and Maxillofacial SurgeryKapucijnenvoer 33Leuven 3000Belgium University of Southampton Faculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesSouthampton SO171BJUnited Kingdom KU Leuven Department of Oral Health SciencesBIOMAT-Biomaterials Research Group&UZ Leuven(University Hospitals Leuven)DentistryKapucijnenvoer 7Leuven 3000Belgium

Ti-Mo alloys/composites are expected to be the next-generation implant material with low moduli but without toxic/allergic ***,synthesis mechanisms of the Ti-Mo biomaterials in Selective Laser Melting(SLM)vary according to raw materials and fundamentally influence material performance,due to inhomogeneous chemical compositions and ***,this work provides a comparative study on microstructure,mechanical and wear performance,and underlying thermal mechanisms of two promising Ti-Mo biomaterials prepared by SLM but through different synthesis mechanisms to offer scientific understanding for creation of ideal metal *** are(i)Ti-7.5 Mo alloys,prepared from a conventional Ti/Mo powder mixture,and(ii)Ti-7.5 Mo-2.4 Ti C composites,in-situ prepared from Ti/Mo_(2)C powder *** reveal that the in-situ Ti-7.5 Mo-2.4 Ti C composites made from Ti/Mo_(2)C powder mixture by SLM can produce 61.4%moreβphase and extra Ti C precipitates(diameter below 229.6 nm)than the Ti-7.5 Mo *** fine Ti C not only contributes to thinner and shorterβcolumnar grains under a large temperature gradient of 51.2 K/μm but also benefits material *** in-situ Ti-7.5 Mo-2.4 Ti C composites produce higher yield strength(980.1±29.8 MPa)and ultimate compressive strength(1561.4±39 MPa)than the Ti-7.5 Mo alloys,increasing by up to 12.1%.However,the fine Ti C with an aspect ratio of 2.71 dominates an unfavourable rise of elastic modulus to 91.9±2 GPa,44.7%higher than the Ti-7.5 Mo alloys,which,nevertheless,is still lower than the modulus of traditional Ti-6 Al-4 ***,Ti C and its homogeneous distribution benefit wear resistance,decreasing the wear rate of the in-situ Ti-7.5 Mo-2.4 Ti C composites to 6.98×10^(-4)mm^3 N^(-1)m^(-1),which is 36%lower than that of the Ti-7.5 Mo ***,although with higher modulus than the Ti-7.5 Mo alloys,the SLM-fabricated in-situ Ti-7.5 Mo-2.4 Ti C composites can expect to provide good biomedical applicati

关键词： Selective laser melting(SLM) Titanium Metal matrix composites Microstructures Mechanical properties Wear properties

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Impact of black cherry on pedunculate oak vitality in mixed forests:Balancing benefits and concerns

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Forest Ecosystems 2023年第6期10卷 690-699页

作者： Ellen Desie bart Muys Jan den Ouden bart Nyssen Rita Sousa-Silva Leon van den Berg Arnold van den Burg Gert-Jan van Duinen Koenraad van meerbeek Maaike Weijters Karen vancampenhout Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU Leuven Campus GeelKleinhoefstraat 4B-2240 GeelBelgium Division Forest Nature and LandscapeKU LeuvenCelestijnenlaan 200EBox 2411B-3001 LeuvenBelgium KU Leuven Plant Institute B-3001 LeuvenBelgium Forest Ecology and Management Group Wageningen UniversityP.O.Box 47Wageningenthe Netherlands Bosgroep Zuid-Nederland Huisvenseweg 145591 VD Heezethe Netherlands Young Academy for Sustainability Research University of Freiburg79104 Freiburg im BreisgauGermany Aquatic Ecology&Environmental Biology Radboud University NijmegenHeyendaalseweg 1356525 AJ Nijmegenthe Netherlands Biosphere/Zoological Museum Netherlands Onderlangs 176731 BK Otterlothe Netherlands Stichting Bargerveen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands B-WARE Research Centre/Radboud University Nijmegen Toernooiveld 16525 ED Nijmegenthe Netherlands

The vitality of European forests continues to decline due to new pests and diseases,climate-change related disturbances and high loads of atmospheric nitrogen *** soil health is a major factor underpinning the low vitality of West-European *** tree species with soil ameliorative traits is proposed as an avenue to counteract soil acidification and improve overall forest *** we evaluate the impact of black cherry(Prunus serotina Ehrh.),a known rich litter species,on the vitality of neighboring pedunculate oak(Quercus robur L.)in ten mixed forests on sand in Germany,Belgium and the *** found that black cherry admixture increases foliar N and P to a surplus whereas it causes deficiencies in foliar Mg,thereby resulting in an overall negative effect on oak foliar nutrient ***,defoliation of oak leaves by herbivory decreases with the proximity of black *** structural equation modelling(SEM),we tested the hypothesized‘improved soil health’*** analyses showed that black cherry admixture leads to lower accumulation in the humus layer,resulting in higher soil base saturation which has a positive effect on foliar Ca yet a negative effect on total ***,the SEM illustrated that herbivory of oak leaves decreases when black cherry is admixed,both via dilution and improved soil *** effects of black cherry on oak vitality via“improved soil health”in our SEM are however small in comparison to direct ***,our study showed that the combined positive and negative impacts of black cherry on oak vitality are limited,which tempers the potential benefits of using the rich litter species to counteract oak decline via improved soil health–yet,the concern of black cherry as an invasive alien species negatively affecting the vitality of mature pedunculate oak trees may also be exaggerated.

关键词： Rich litter species Black cherry Nutrient cycling Insect herbivory Dilution effect Humus type Pedunculate oak Plant-soil interaction

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On Some Families of Smooth Affine Spherical Varieties of Full Rank

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2018年第3期34卷 563-596页

作者： Kay PAULUS Guido PEZZINI bart van STEIRTEGHEM Department Mathematik FA U Erlangen-Niirnberg 91058 Erlangen Germany Dipartimento di Matematica 'Sapienza' Universith di Roma 00185 Roma Italy Department Mathematik FA U Erlangen-Niirnberg & Department of MathematicsMedgar Evers College-City University of New York Brooklyn New York 11225 USA

Let G be a complex connected reductive group. Losev has shown that a smooth affine spherical G-variety X is uniquely determined by its weight monoid, which is the set of irreducible representations of G that occur in the coordinate ring of X. In this paper we use a combinatorial characterization of the weight monoids of smooth affine spherical varieties to classify：（a） all such varieties for G = SL（2） × C~×and（b） all such varieties for G simple which have a G-saturated weight monoid of full rank. We also use the characterization and Knop＇s classification theorem for multiplicity free Hamiltonian manifolds to give a new proof of Woodward＇s result that every reflective Delzant polytope is the moment polytope of such a manifold.

关键词： Affine spherical variety weight monoid multiplicity free Hamiltonian manifold moment polytope

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Defining the Value of Extracorporeal Liver Support in Acute and Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第3期11卷 517-520页

作者： bart van Hoek Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology C4-Pand Transplantation CenterLeiden University Medical CenterLei denthe Netherlands

Next to acute liver failure(ALF)without previous liver dis-ease,the concept of acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)has been developed.1,2 In most cases patients developing ACLF first have acute decompensation(AD)of cirrhosis,of-ten with ascites,hepatic encephalopathy,variceal bleeding,or hepatorenal *** can be induced by infection or other factors,like hepatitis *** ALF and ACLF develop rapidly,ALF within 26 weeks of onset,ACLF in 2-4 weeks,and both conditions share the symptoms of a fail-ing *** detoxification with jaundice and hepatic encephalopathy,and impaired synthetic capacity of the liver with changes in coagulation parameters are part of these *** both ALF and ACLF multi-organ failure can de-velop,including hemodynamic instability,respiratory failure and acute kidney injury,and patients become susceptible to *** standard medical treatment(SMT)in the intensive care unit has improved over the years,2,3 both con-ditions often lead toward death,unless a timely liver trans-plantation(LT)is possible.4,5.

关键词： acute impaired Acute

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Electrochemically-stimulated nanoscale mechanochemical wear of silicon

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Friction 2023年第11期11卷 2142-2152页

作者： Chen XIAO Stefan van VLIET Roland BLIEM bart WEBER Steve FRANKLIN Advanced Research Center for Nanolithography(ARCNL) Amsterdam 1098XGthe Netherlands van der Waals–Zeeman Institute Institute of PhysicsUniversity of Amsterdam(UvA)Amsterdam 1098XGthe Netherlands Department of Materials Science and Engineering The University of SheffieldSheffield S13JDUK

Mechanochemical reactions at the sliding interface between a single-crystalline silicon(Si)wafer and a silica(SiO2)microsphere were studied in three environmental conditions:humid air,potassium chloride(KCl)solution,and KCl solution with an applied *** to that from humid air,mechanochemical material removal from the silicon surface increased substantially in the KCl-immersed condition,and further increased when electrochemistry was introduced into the tribological *** measuring the load dependence of the material removal rate and analyzing the results using a mechanically assisted Arrhenius-type kinetic model,the activation energy(E_(a))and the mechanical energy(E_(m)),by which this energy is reduced by mechanical activation,were compared qualitatively under different environmental *** the KCl-immersed condition,mechanochemistry may decrease the required effective energy of reactions(E_(eff)=E_(a)−E_(m))and promote material removal mainly through improved catalysis of the mechanochemical reactions facilitated by greater availability of water molecules compared to the humid air ***,the effectiveness of the mechanochemistry is *** the electrochemical condition,electrochemically-accelerated oxidation of the silicon surface was confirmed by the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)*** results strongly suggest that electrochemistry further stimulates mechanochemical reactions primarily by increasing the initial energy state of the surface via the facilitated formation of interfacial bonding bridges,i.e.,a surface oxidation/hydroxylation process.

关键词： spherical contact adhesive wear normal loading power law

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Application of Belgian endive(Cichorium intybus ***)dietary fiber concentrate to improve nutritional value and functional properties of plant-based burgers

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Food Bioscience 2022年第4期48卷 513-519页

作者： Anna Twarogowska bart van Droogenbroeck Ilse Fraeye Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture Fisheries and Food(ILVO)Technology and Food Science UnitBrusselsesteenweg 370BE-9090MelleBelgium Research Group for Technology and Quality of Animal Products Department M2SLeuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Centre(LFoRCe)KU Leuven Technology Campus GhentGebroeders De Smetstraat 19000GhentBelgium

Increasing consumer awareness of health and climate is being reflected in their dietary *** is reflected in the strong growth in the market for plant-based food,with plant-based burgers(PBB)being the most popular meat *** must be based on natural ingredients that increase nutritional value,improve technological properties,and create satisfying physical *** obtained from agri-food by-products can potentially meet all of these *** dietary fiber concentrate(DFC)produced from the forced roots of Belgian endive(Cichorium intybus ***)(by-product)has shown potential for application in *** soy protein with 5%and 10%of DFC from Belgian endive(DFC-BE)resulted in lower caloric value and sugar content and doubled dietary fiber concentration in the end product,enough to justify a“high fiber”nutrition claim(>6 g per 100 g).Baking properties such as baking yield,moisture retention,and dimeter reduction also *** of DFC-BE can also be used to regulate pH,color,texture profile,and sensory *** recipes must be adjusted to obtain the required results.

关键词： Belgian endive Cichorium intybus Plant-based food Dietary fiber concentrates Functional properties

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Comparative studies on fouling of homogeneous anion exchange membranes by different structured organics in electrodialysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 218-228页

作者： Zhijuan Zhao Shaoyuan Shi Hongbin Cao Yujiao Li bart van der Bruggen Division of Environment Technology and Engineering CAS key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Beijing Research Center of Process Pollution Control State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Chemical Engineering KU Leuven Zhengzhou Institute of Emerging Industrial Technology Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment Tshwane University of Technology

Five negatively charged organic compounds with different structures, sodium methane sulfonate(MS), sodium benzene sulfonate(BS), sodium 6-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonate(NSS), sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS), and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate(SDBS), were used to examine the fouling of an anion exchange membrane(AEM) in electrodialysis(ED),to explore the effect of molecular characteristics on the fouling behavior on the AEM and changes in the surface and electrochemical properties of the AEM. Results indicated that the fouling degree of the AEM by the different organics followed the order:SDBS > SDS > NSS > BS > MS. SDBS and SDS formed a dense fouling layer on the surface of the AEM, which was the main factor in the much more severe membrane fouling, and completely restricted the transmembrane ion migration. The other three organics caused fouling of the AEM by adsorption on the surface and/or accumulation in the interlayer of the AEM, and exhibited almost no influence on the transmembrane ion migration. It was also concluded that the organics with benzene rings caused more severe fouling of the AEM due to the stronger affinity interaction and steric effect between the organics and the AEM compared with organics with aliphatic chains.

关键词： Anion exchange membrane Different structural organics Membrane fouling Property characterization Fouling mechanism analyses

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Laboratory study on the formation of Al2O3 inclusions at the on-set of deoxidation and during reoxidation

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Frontiers of Materials Science 2011年第1期5卷 69-76页

作者： Marie-Aline van ENDE Muxing GUO bart BLANPAIN Patrick WOLLANTS Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 44- bus 2450 BE-3001 Leuven Belgium Unite d＇lngeniede des Materiaux et des Procedes Universite Catholique de Louvain Place Sainte Barbe 2 B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium

The formation of Al2O3 inclusions in liquid iron has been investigated in a resistance heated tube furnace to obtain deoxidation and reoxidation related data. The formation of inclusions during the early stages of deoxidation was simulated by bringing a piece of AI in contact for a short time with liquid Fe containing different dissolved oxygen levels. Reoxidation was studied by exposing AI containing Fe melts to a CO/CO2 atmosphere, Through modeling, an estimate of the local and time-dependent growth conditions for the inclusions can be made and linked to the inclusion characteristics.

关键词： steel cleanliness Al2O3 inclusions deoxidation reoxidation morphology

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Hydrometallurgical recycling of NdF eB magnets： Complete leaching, iron removal and electrolysis

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Journal of Rare Earths 2017年第6期35卷 574-584页

作者： Mehmet Ali Recai Onal Chenna Rao Borra Muxing Guo bart Blanpain Tom van Gerven Department of Materials Engineering University of Leuven Kasteelpark Arenberg 44 3001 Leuven Belgium Process Engineering for Sustainable Sys-terns (ProcESS) Department of Chemical Engineering University of Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium

NdFeB magnets currently dominate the magnet market. Supply risks of certain rare earth metals（REM）, e.g. Nd and Dy, impose efficient recycling schemes that are applicable to different types and compositions of these magnets with minimum use of chemicals and waste generation. In this study, a hydrometallurgical method was studied that could be adjusted to recover not only REM, but also other valuable metals（***, Ni and Cu） that co-existed in the magnet. The magnet powders were completely dissolved in a dilute sulfuric acid solution giving more than 98% of dissolved iron in the ferrous state. Chemical oxidation of Fe-（2＋） into Fe-（3＋） by the addition of MnO 2 required only 1 h at ambient temperature. It was then possible to precipitate more than 99% of this ferric iron by adjusting the pH of the solution above 3 with either Ca（OH）2 or MnO additions. However, the addition of Ca（OH）2 resulted in the formation of gypsum and up to ca. 23% REM losses, possibly via co-precipitation into the gypsum. MnO elevated the Mn-（2＋） concentration in the solution. However, it was found to be problematic that subsequent direct electrolysis removed Mn and Co. Low anodic current efficiencies（ACE） resulted in high energy consumption（EC）, while incomplete Mn and Co removals and undesired REM losses were reported. Pre-electrolysis removals of REM and/or Co by oxalate and/or sulfide precipitation were proven to be successful and selective, but this enlarged the flowsheet considerably with only minor improvement of the Mn removal, ACE and EC.

关键词： electrolysis magnet recycling precipitate leaching anodic subsequent ferrous dissolved leachate

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Adaptation of forest management to climate change as perceived by forest owners and managers in Belgium

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Forest Ecosystems 2017年第1期4卷 22-32页

作者： Rita Sousa-Silva Quentin Ponette Kris Verheyen Ann van Herzele bart Muys Ku Leuven Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Celestijnenlaan 200E Box 24113001 Leuven Belgium Earth and Life Institute Environmental Sciences Universite catholique de Louvain Croix du Sud 2 Box L7.05.091348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium. Forest & Nature Lab Ghent University Geraardsbergsesteenweg 267 9090 Melle-Gontrode Belgium. Nature & Society Research Group Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO) Kliniekstraat 25 B-1070 Brussels Belgium. Forest Institute (EFIMED) Sant Pau Historical Site Sant Leopold Pavilion Carrer Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167 08025 Barcelona Spain.

Background： Climate change is likely to cause significant modifications in forests. Rising to this challenge may require adaptation of forest management, and therefore should trigger proactive measures by forest managers, but it is unclear to what extent this is already happening. Methods： The survey carried out in this research assesses how forest stakeholders in Belgium perceive the role of their forest management in the context of climate change and the impediments that limit their ability to prepare and respond to these changes. Results： Respondents indicated strong awareness of the changing climate, with more than two-thirds （71%） expressing concern about the impacts of climate change on their forests. However, less than one-third of the respondents （32 %） reported modifying their management practices motivated by climate change. Among the major constraints limiting their climate red,ted ~ctions, lack of ic^formation was considered the most important for managers of both public and private forests. Conclusions： Knowledge transfer is an essential condition for research to lead to innovation. Improving the communication and demonstration of possible solutions for climate change adaptation is therefore likely to be the most effective strategy for increasing their adoption.

关键词： Adaptation Adoption Belief Stakeholders Internet survey Logistic regression

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