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原发性皮肤黏液纤维肉瘤类似多形性透明变性血管扩张性肿瘤(PHAT):潜在的诊断缺陷

世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第12期1卷 27-28页

作者： Mitsuhashi T. barr r.j. Machtinger L.A. Cassarino D.S. 惠海英 Dr. Stanford University Department of Pathology Lane Building 300 Pasteur Drive Stanford CA 94305 United States

Myxofibrosarcoma (MFS) is one of the most common sarcomas of adults, and includes lesions ranging from low to high grade based on increasing cellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, and mitotic activity. We present an unusual case of MFS, which initially showed features of a pleomorphic hyalinizing angiectatic tumor (PHAT), a rare soft- tissue tumor considered benign in the WHO classification. The initial lesion showed a subcutaneous proliferation of spindled to polygonal eosinophilic cells with striking cellular pleomorphism, set in amyxoid to sclerotic stroma with prominent hyalinized and angiectatic vasculature, classic characteristics of PHAT. rare mitotic figures were identified. The preliminary diagnosis of PHAT was confirmed by a consultant expert soft- tissue pathologist. Four months after the initial surgery, local recurrencewas noted. The recurrent tumor demonstrated findings of a high- grade MFS, with a diffuse and cellular proliferation of atypical spindle cells set in a prominent myxoid stroma. Multiple mitoses, including atypical ones, were present. In light of these findings, the original specimen was reexamined and the initial diagnosis was amended to MFS. MFS may mimic or be confused with several benign soft- tissue lesions. Cases mimicking PHAT have not been previously reported. We describe a unique case of a high- grade MFS that initially showed characteristic features of a PHAT, to illuminate the fact that MFS may rarely arise in, or have areas that masquerade as, PHAT. It is also conceivable, although speculative, that at least some cases of PHAT, currently considered a benign tumor by the WHO, may actually represent or evolve into a unique form of MFS of low malignant potential.

关键词：血管扩张性黏液纤维肉瘤 PHAT 多形性透明变性嗜酸性细胞脉管系统梭形细胞细胞性软组织损害

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用丙基硫脲嘧啶,治疗银屑病后皮肤表达p16的研究

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第5期1卷 34-35页

作者： EliasA.N. barr r.j. NandaV.S. 罗素菊冯义国 Dr.UCI MedicalCenter 101CityDriveS outhOrangeCA92868United States

Plaque formation is a characteristic finding in patients with psoriasis and re flects cytokine-induced keratinocyte proliferation and/or impaired apoptosis of keratinocytes. Antithyroid thioureylenes such as propylthiouracil (PTU) and met himazole (MMI) are effective in the treatment of plaque psoriasis. Following PTU and MMI treatment, proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression is sign ificantly reduced, suggesting that these medications have an antiproliferative effect. p 16 is an antiapoptotic protein that is present in relative abundance in psoriati c plaques and is believed to play a potential role in the persistent senescence and impaired apoptosis of the keratinocytes in the plaque. This study examined p 16 expression in biopsy samples of eight patients with plaque psoriasis given 30 0 mg of propylthiouracil in divided doses for 3 months. Despite significant clin ical and histological improvement with PTUtreatment,p16expressionwasessentiallyu nchanged,suggesting that the beneficial effect of PTU in psoriasis is not mediat ed through a decrease in p16 expression. The effect of PTU on other antiapoptoti c proteins such as bcl-xL remains to be determined.

关键词：银屑病 p16 角质形成细胞硫脲类药物他巴唑细胞核抗原抗凋亡蛋白增生性内分细胞因子诱导

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组织学类似于皮肤梭形细胞鳞状细胞癌的化生性乳腺癌

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（皮肤病学分册） 2005年第8期1卷 48-48页

作者： Derienzo D.P. barr r.j. 王琼 Dr.Building 52 101 The City Drive South Orange CA 92868 United States

Squamous cell carcinoma is one of the most common primary cutaneous carcinomas but on rare occasion, metastatic squamous cell carcinoma from a distant site or solid organ can present as a cutaneous lesion. Most metastases occur as dermal nodules or involve the dermal lymphatics, but when they are intimately associated with the epidermis, distinguishing the lesion as primary or metastatic may be extremely difficult and usually requires a clinical history or high index of suspicion. A 71- year- old woman presented with multiple eruptive nodules over her chest, flank, and back. Histologically the lesions appeared to be arising from the surface epithelium and consisted of atypical, predominantly spindle cells, some of which streamed off of the epidermis. Following the initial evaluation, a history of breast carcinoma with subsequent radiation therapy and ultimate mastectomy was obtained, and the original breast biopsy and mastectomy material was reviewed. After performing additional studies, it became clear that the origin of the carcinomas was metastatic from an underlying metaplastic breast carcinoma.

关键词：化生性梭形细胞鳞状细胞癌乳房切除根治术表面上皮临床病史真皮淋巴管多发性结节回顾研究

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Gene therapy for spinal muscular atrophy:perspectives on the possibility of optimizing SMN1 delivery to correct all neurological and systemic perturbations

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第7期20卷 2011-2012页

作者： Sharon j.Brown rafael j.Yáñez-Muñoz Heidi r.Fuller School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering Keele UniversityKeeleUK Wolfson Center for Inherited Neuromuscular Disease TORCH BuildingRJAH Orthopaedic HospitalOswestryUK *** Center of Gene and Cell TherapyDepartment of Biological SciencesSchool of Life Sciences and the EnvironmentRoyal Holloway University of LondonEghamUK

Spinal muscular atrophy(SMA)is a genetic condition that results in selective lower motor neuron loss with concomitant muscle weakness and *** genetic cause of SMA was understood in 1995 when loss or impairment of the survival motor neuron 1(SMN1)gene was identified as the main contributing factor(Lefebvre et al.,1995).This,in combination with the discovery that humans have a“back-up”gene,SMN2,which can produce low levels(approximately 10%)of the full-length functional SMN protein,has led to the generation of SMA-specific gene *** was traditionally classified according to age of symptom onset and developmental milestones achieved,with life expectancy and severity varying between ***,SMN2 copy number is used as a proxy for the prediction of disease severity,with higher SMN2 copy number typically being associated with reduced severity of SMA,although this relationship is not absolute:some individuals with low SMN2 copy number have less severe SMA phenotypes and vice ***,the etiology of SMA is further complicated by other factors,such as non-typical nucleotide variants and SMN2-independent modifiers of disease severity.

关键词： atrophy traditionally absolute

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Assessing the vulnerability of Dutch water bodies to exotic species： A new methodology

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Current Zoology 2011年第6期57卷 863-873页

作者： r.j. LEEWIS A. GITTENBErGEr Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis P.O. Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands GiMarIS Bioscience Park Leiden J.H. Oortweg 21 23.33 CH Leden The N etherlands. Institute of Environmental Sciences （CML） Leiden University P.O. Box 9518 2300 Leiden The Netherlands

Invasive exotic （alien） species have not been taken into enough consideration concerning the European Water Framework Directive （WFD） and other European directives until recently. The Dutch ministry responsible for water management is looking for ways to establish the impacts that invasive alien species may have on specified water types. This paper concentrates on the vulnerability of such water types to the introduction of exotic species. This new approach focusses on the system where the alien species are introduced into rather than only on the alien species themselves. We propose an equation that combines threats to and in water types with effects of particular species （observed or prognosticated）. Numerical values used in the formula have been found by scoring a number of properties in different water types and species, which are specified in questionnaires. The results of the calculations are given as relative vulnerability scores （scale 1-10）. By testing as many as 8 water types and 13 species, we demonstrate that this method is flexible and easy to use for water managers. Our results can be translated into classes of vulner- ability, which are represented on geographical maps with colour codes to indicate different degrees of vulnerability in the different water bodies. This readily corresponds to the way countries are required to report to the European Union in the context of the WFD. The method can also be generalized using functional groups of （exotic） species instead of particular species

关键词： Exotic species risk analysis Vulnerability Methodology European Water Framework Directive Water types

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Overcoming maladaptive plasticity through plastic compensation

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Current Zoology 2013年第4期59卷 526-536页

作者： Matthew r.j. MOrrIS Sean M. rOGErS Department of Biological Sciences University of Calgary Calgary AB Canada T2N 1N4

Most species evolve within fluctuating environments, and have developed adaptations to meet the challenges posed by environmental heterogeneity. One such adaptation is phenotypic plasticity, or the ability of a single genotype to produce multiple environmentally-induced phenotypes. Yet, not all plasticity is adaptive. Despite the renewed interest in adaptive phenotypic plas- ticity and its consequences for evolution, much less is known about maladaptive plasticity. However, maladaptive plasticity is likely an important driver of phenotypic similarity among populations living in different environments. This paper traces four strategies for overcoming maladaptive plasticity that result in phenotypic similarity, two of which involve genetic changes （standing genetic variation, genetic compensation） and two of which do not （standing epigenetic variation, plastic compensation）. Plastic compensation is defined as adaptive plasticity overcoming maladaptive plasticity. In particular, plastic compensation may increase the likelihood of genetic compensation by facilitating population persistence. We provide key terms to disentangle these aspects of phenotypic plasticity and introduce examples to reinforce the potential importance of plastic compensation for under- standing evolutionary change

关键词： Homeostasis Canalization Ecological speciation Standing genetic variation Genetic compensation Countergradi-ent variation

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Grain refinement in low SFE and particle-containing nickel aluminium bronze during severe plastic deformation at elevated temperatures

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第23期82卷 57-68页

作者： C.j.barr K.Xia Department of Mechanical Engineering University of MelbourneVictoria3010Australia DMTC Ltd. 24 Wakefield St.HawthornVIC3122Australia

The influence of particle size and morphology on grain refinement in low stacking fault energy(SFE)alloys was studied by comparing the grain structures in single-and multi-phase Al-bronze(AB)alloys following equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)between 350 and 500℃.In particular,nickel aluminium bronze(NAB)was chosen as it contained both coarse and fine rounded particles,as well as a lamellar phase which evolved during *** refinement in the single-phase alloy was achieved through dynamic recrystallisation initiated at deformed twin *** contrast,different mechanisms were observed in the particle-containing *** around the coarseκⅡparticles(~5μm)was promoted through particle stimulated nucleation(PSN),whereas recrystallisation in the region of the fineκⅣ(~0.4μm)was delayed due to the activation of secondary *** refinement in areas of the lamellarκⅢshowed significant variation,depending on the lamellar orientation relative to the shear plane of *** the lamellae deformed,numerous high angle grain boundaries were generated between fragments and served as nucleation sites for recrystallisation,while PSN occurred around spheroidised *** spreading of theκⅢparticles by ECAP then enhanced the total area of recrystallised grains.

关键词： Equal channel angular pressing Copper alloys Grain refinement Stacking fault energy Severe plastic deformation

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The challenge of biomimetic design for carbon-neutral buildings using termite engineering

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Insect Science 2010年第2期17卷 154-162页

作者： john r.j. French Berhan M. Ahmed (Shiday) Faculty of Science Health and Education University of the Sunshine Coast Maroochydore DC QId 4558 Department of Forest and Ecosystem Science The University of Melbourne 500 Yarra Boulevard Richmond Vic 3121 Australia

The main aim of this paper is to present humanity and termites as design partners in the creation of a new dimension of ecosystem understanding. The paper by Turner and Soar, Beyond biomimicry： What termites can tell us about realizing the living building＂（2008） opens up a new era in how we think of human habitations, not only on earth, but perhaps on other planets, and using the termite model as the comer stone of innovative engineering. We know that termites are masters of constructing ＇buildings＇ that meet all nutrition, energy, waste disposal needs, shelter, and food sources for many other animals and insects. We need to emulate the symbiotic abilities of termites to survive over time, for we all live on this symbiotic planet, and symbiosis is natural and common.

关键词： biomimicry ecosystem engineering living building symbiotic termites

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Apples to oranges:environmentally derived,dynamic regulation of serotonin neuron subpopulations in adulthood?

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Neural regeneration research 2025年第9期20卷 2596-2597页

作者： Christopher.j.O’Connell Matthew j.robson Department of Genetics College of MedicineHarvard UniversityBostonMAUSA james L.Winkle College of Pharmacy Division of Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program College of MedicineUniversity of CincinnatiCincinnatiOHUSA

Traumatic brain injury(TBI)is a public health problem with an undue economic burden that impacts nearly every age,ethnic,and gender group across the globe(Capizzi et al.,2020).TBIs are often sustained during a dynamic range of exposures to energetic environmental forces and as such outcomes are typically heterogeneous regarding severity and pathology(Capizzi et al.,2020).

关键词： sustained orange dynamic

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Thermal stability of nanograins with grain boundary relaxation in microalloyed Cu-Sb and Cu-Fe

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第24期155卷 66-71页

作者： r.j. Zhu X.Zhou X.Y. Li Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang 110016 China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of China Shenyang 110016 China

Grain refinement into nanoscale significantly enhances the strength and hardness of metallic materials but generally reduces the thermal stability by the introduced strong tendency for grain boundary(GB)*** nanograins through GB relaxation had been proven as an effective way in several metals recently when the grain size is below a critical ***,we discovered that the abnormally enhanced thermal stability induced by GB relaxation can be realized in 0.5%Sb or Fe doped Cu,similar to that in pure *** observed critical grain sizes for GB relaxation in the two Cu alloys are almost the same as pure ***,the GB relaxation effect on thermal stability is kind of suppressed compared to pure Cu with similar grain sizes because of the segregation/precipitation of Sb/Fe during the annealing process,which accelerates the detwinning and the failure of relaxed GBs.

关键词： Thermal stability Grain boundary relaxation Nanograined Cu alloy Segregation Precipitate

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