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Noise-induced cochlear inflammation

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2013年第3期3卷 89-99页

作者： Winston JT Tan Peter R Thorne Srdjan m Vlajkovic Department of Physiology and Centre for Brain Research Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland 1142New Zealand Department of Physiology Centre for Brain Research and Section of Audiology Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences The University of Auckland Auckland 1142New Zealand

Hearing loss is the most common sensory disability with considerable social and economic implications. According to recent World Health Organization estimates,360 million people worldwide suffer from moderate to profound hearing loss. Exposure to excessive noise is one of the major causes of sensorineural hearing loss,secondary only to age-related hearing loss(presbyacusis). Since cochlear tissues have limited abilities of repair and regeneration, this damage can be irreversible, leading to cochlear dysfunction and permanent hearing loss. Recent studies have shown that cochlear inflammation can be induced by noise exposure and contribute to the overall pathogenesis of cochlear injury and hearing loss. The cochlea is separated from the systemic circulation by the blood-labyrinth bar.ier,which is physiologically similar to the blood-brain bar.ier of the central nervous system. Because of this feature, the cochlea was originally considered an immunologically privileged organ. However, this postulate has been challenged by the evidence of an inflammatory response in the cochlea in the presence of bacterial or viral pathogens or antigens that can cause labyrinthitis. Although the main purpose of the inflammatory reaction is to protect against invading pathogens, the inflammatory response can also cause significant bystander injury to the delicate structures of the cochlea. The cochlear inflammatory response is characterised by the generation of proinflammatory mediators(cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecules), and the recruitment of inflammatory cells(leukocytes). Here, we present an overview of the current research on cochlear inflammation, with particular emphasis on noise-induced cochlear inflammation. We also discuss treatment strategies aimed at the suppression of inflammation, which may potentially lead to mitigation of hearing loss.

关键词： Cochlea Inflammation Noise Hearing loss Otoprotection

Use of Perovskite-Type Lanthanum Nickelate Synthesized by the Polymeric Precursor method in the Steam Reforming Reaction of methane

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materials Sciences and Applications 2012年第6期3卷 363-368页

作者： Daniele m.H.martinelli Dulce m.A.melo Anne m.Garrido Pedrosa Antonio E.martinelli marcus A.de F.melo mary K.S.Batista Roberto C.Bitencourt Department of Chemistry Federal University of Rio Grande do NorteCCETNatalBrazil Department of Chemistry Federal University of SergipeCCETSao CristóvaoBrazil Research Center Petrobras—Cenpes Rio de JaneiroBrazil

In the current work, LaNiO3 perovskite was synthesized using the polymeric precursor method. The materials were thermally treated at 300°C for 2 hours, subsequently supported on alumina or zirconia and finally calcined at 800°C for 4 hours. The resulting samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry, BET surface area and thermo-programmed reduction. Steam reforming reactions were carried out at 750°C and 6 bar.during 4 hours using a pilot reactor under a H2O:CH4 ratio of 2.5. The mass of catalysts was about 5.7 g. X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed the formation of the perovskite structure in all samples prepared. The results also showed that lanthanum nickelate was more efficient when supported on alumina than zirconia. Finally, it was observed that the methane conversion was approximately 94% and the selectivity to hydrogen was about 70%. In all cases low selectivity to CO and CO2 was verified.

关键词： Lanthanum Nickelate Perovskite Polymeric Precursor method Steam Reforming Reaction

High efficiency, high power 808nm laser array and stacked arrays optimized for elevated temperature operation

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光机电信息 2004年第6期21卷 1-11页

作者： Crump P A Crum T R DeVito m Farmer J Grimshaw m Huang Z Igl S A macomber S Thiagarajan P Wise D nLight Photonics Corporation 5408 NE 88th Street Building E Vancouver WA 98665 USA

Operation of 808-nm laser diode pumping at elevated temperature is crucial to many applications. Reliable operation at high power is limited by high thermal load and low catastrophic optical mirror damage (COmD) threshold at elevated temperature range. We demonstrated high efficiency and high power operation at elevated temperature with high COmD power. These results were achieved through device design optimization such as growth conditions, doping profile, and materials composition of the quantum-well and other layers. Electrical-to-optical efficiency as high as 62% was obtained through lowered threshold current, lowered series resistance and increased slope efficiency. The performance of single broad-area laser diodes scales to that of high power single bar. on water-cooled copper micro-channel heatsinks or conductively-cooled CS heatsinks. No reduction in bar.performance or significant spectral broadening is seen when these micro-channel coolers are assembled into 6-bar.and 18-bar.CW stacks for the highest power levels.

关键词：激光技术高功率激光激光二极管单发射器 COmD

What is the value of eucalyptus monocultures for the biodiversity of the Atlantic forest? A multitaxa study in southern Bahia, Brazil

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第2期24卷 263-272页

作者： Pedro Luís Bernardo da Rocha Blandina Felipe Viana márcio Zikán Cardoso Amada mariana Costa de melo misonete Gueidneli Cavalcanti Costa Rodrigo Nogueira de Vasconcelos Tatiana Bichara Dantas Instituto de Biologia Universidade Federal da Bahia. Rua Bar o de Jeremoabo

Eucalyptus plantations are increasing in Brazil, frequently replacing pastures, but there is still scarce information about its capacity to maintain the fauna of neighbor forest remnants. In this study, we compared descriptors of the communities of leaf litter organisms （lizards, anurans, myriapods, arachnids, orthopterans, coleopterans, and ants） between a large remnant of primary Atlantic Forest and an adjacent eucalyptus monoculture （phase 1）. Then, we compared the same descriptors for leaf litter lizards and anurans, Euglossini bees, and frugivorous butterflies among the largest remnant, small remnants at intermediate regeneration stage, and eucalyptus monocultures that were not adjacent to the largest remnant （phase 2）. monocultures were sampled immediately before logging. In phase 1, we detected significant differences in structure between the forest and the monoculture in six out of seven communities sampled. Ca. 81% of the species of the landscape were recorded in the forest, but only 54% of these were found also in the monoculture. In phase 2, the structure of two out of four forest communities was significantly different from the structure of small remnants and monocultures. On average, 76% of the species found in the whole landscape were sampled in the forest. Out of this subset, on average 74% of the species were also sampled in small remnants and 68% in monocultures. Findings of the present study point out a moderate capacity of eucalyptus monocultures to harbor species of the forest fauna even when fully grown but highlights the opportunity that they might offer for increasing connectivity in anthropogenic forest landscapes depending on their management.

关键词： Atlantic forest monoculture biodiversity

Delivery of Cas9 Protein into mouse Zygotes through a Series of Electroporation Dramatically Increases the Efficiency of model Creation

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第5期43卷 319-327页

作者： Wenbo Wang Peter m.Kutny Shannon L.Byers Charles J.Longstaff michael J.DaCosta Changhong Pang Yingfan Zhang Robert A.Taft Frank W.Buaas Haoyi Wang The Jackson Laboratory Bar Harbor ME 04609 USA State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Previously we established Zygote Electroporation of Nucleases（ZEN） technology as an efficient and high-throughput way to generate genetically modified mouse ***,there were significant variations of the targeting efficiency among different genomic loci using our previously published *** this study,we improved the ZEN technology by delivering Cas9 protein into mouse zygotes through a series of *** this approach,we were able to introduce precise nucleotide substitutions,large segment deletion and short segment insertion into targeted loci with high efficiency.

关键词： CRISPR-Cas9 Electroporation mouse zygote

Helicobacter pylori in dental plaque and stomach of patients from Northern Brazil

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第24期16卷 3033-3039页

作者： mnica bar.úna Assumpo Luisa Caricio martins Hivana Patricia melo bar.osa Katarine Antonia dos Santos bar.le Sintia Silva de Almeida Paulo Pimentel Assumpo Tereza Cristina de Oliveira Corvelo Endoscopy Department Joo de Barros Barreto University Hospital Immunopathology Laboratory Nucleus of Tropical Medicine Federal University of Pará Immunogenetics Laboratory Federal University of Pará Paulo Pimentel Assumpo Surgery Department Joo de Bar-ros Barreto University Hospital

AIm: To establish whether virulence factor genes vacA and cagA are present in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) retrieved from gastric mucosa and dental plaque in pa-tients with dyspepsia. mETHODS: Cumulative dental plaque specimens and gastric biopsies were submitted to histological exami-nation, rapid urease test and polymerase chain reac-tion (PCR) assays to detect the presence of cagA and vacA ***: Detection of H. pylori from dental plaque and gastric biopsy samples was greater by PCR com-pared to histological examination and the rapid ure-ase test. DNA from H. pylori was detected in 96% of gastric mucosa samples and in 72% of dental plaque samples. Sixty-three (89%) of 71 dental plaque sam-ples that were H. pylori-positive also exhibited identical vacA and cagA genotypes in gastric mucosa. The most common genotype was vacAs1bm1 and cagA positive, either in dental plaque or gastric mucosa. These viru-lent H. pylori isolates were involved in the severity of clinical ***: These pathogenic strains were found simultaneously in dental plaque and gastric mucosa, which suggests that gastric infection is correlated with the presence of H. pylori in the mouth.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Gastric mucosa Dental plaque cagA vacA

Genetic Transformation Of Cotton With Rice Chitinase Gene Through Shoot Tip Culture Confers Resistance To Two Fungal Pathogens

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Genetic Transformation Of Cotton With Rice Chitinase Gene Th...

A model to explain the angular distribution of J/Ψ and Ψ(2S) decay into ■ and ■

第二届植物分子育种国际会议

作者： N.Jayabalan m.Ganesan Department of Plant Science Bharathidasan UniversityTrichy 620 024Tamil NaduIndia Department of Plant Science Bharathidasan UniversityTrichy 620 024Tamil NaduIndia

＜正＞The present investigation was aimed to standardize the simple and reproducible protocol for transgenic cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. SVPR 2） regeneration through shoot tip culture by using rice chitinase

关键词： The reproducible protocol Transgenic Thoot tip culture Rice chitinase gene Construct pCambia-bar.Chi II (13.8 kb) Strain LBA 4404 Agrobacterium tumefaciens CamV 35 Spromoter bar.ene Ubiquitin promoter Selectable marker 5 mg/L Phosphinothricin (PPT) selection agent 30.8 transformation frequency Polymerase chain reaction-Confirmation of integration ChiII and nptII transgenes T0 plants genome Southern blot analysis Spores of Fusarium oxysporum Alternaria macrospora 1×105 spores/100 g of soil mixture Disease resistance confirmation against Fusarium wilt and Alternaria leaf spot

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Chinese Physics C 2019年第2期43卷 31-36页

作者： m.Alekseev A.Amoroso R.Baldini Ferroli I.Balossino m.Bertani D.Bettoni F.Bianchi J.Chai G.Cibinetto F.Cossio F.De mori m.Destefanis R.Farinelli L.Fava G.Felici I.Garzia m.Greco L.Lavezzi C.Leng m.maggiora A.mangoni S.marcello G.mezzadri S.Pacetti P.Patteri A.Rivetti m.Da Rocha Rolo m.Savrié S.Sosio S.Spataro L.Yan Università di Torino INFN Sezione di Torino INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati INFN Sezione di Ferrara Institute of High Energy Physics Università di Ferrara Università del Piemonte Orientale Università di Perugia INFN Sezione di Perugia

BESⅢ data show a particular angular distribution for the decay of J/Ψ and Ψ(2 S) mesons into ■ and Σ~0Σ~0 hyperons: the angular distribution of the decay Ψ(2 S) →Σ~0Σ~0 exhibits an opposite trend with respect to the other three channels: J/Ψ→■, J/Ψ→Σ~0Σ~0 and Ψ(2 S) →■. We define a model to explain the origin of this phenomenon.

关键词： J/ψandψ(2S)hadronic decays effective Lagrangian model polarization parameters

Effect of Heavy metals Pollution on Protein Biosynthesis in Catfish

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2013年第5期5卷 555-562页

作者： S. A. Habib A. m. Abou Shehatta Samah Biochemistry Division Damietta Faculty of science Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt Food Inspection Laboratory Damietta Port Damietta Egypt

The present study was carried out to evaluate the pollution and its effect on the quality of catfish. Four sites in Eygpt were chosen for the research, Ras El-bar.(Site 1) as control, Shatta (Site 2), Kafr El-Bateekh (Site 3), and Talkha (Site 4). The research was carried out on water, sediments and catfish (serum and muscles). Nitrite, nitrate and ammonia were determined in water and sediment. Also, RNA and DNA were determined in serum samples and the muscles of the catfish. In addition, the concentrations of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Fe, Zn and Cu) were estimated in water, sediments and the muscles of catfish. Also, hepatosomatic index, liver water content, condition factor, lipid and protein contents were determined in the fish. The concentrations of nitrite, nitrate and ammonia in water and sediment of Site 4 and the levels of heavy metals especially Pb and Cd in water, sediment and muscle of catfish from Sites 3 and 4 were highly elevated compared to those of the control. On the other hand, DNA, RNA and protein contents in the catfish of Sites 3 and 4 decreased. The results illustrated that, Cd and Pb levels in the muscle of catfish were negatively correlated with DNA, RNA and with the protein contents. In conclusion, the accumulation of heavy metals in catfish tissues therefore, can cause health problems in human after catfish intake.

关键词： Catfish Protein Biosynthesis Heavy metals Pollution