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Integrated analysis of multi-tissues lipidome and gut microbiome reveals microbiota-induced shifts on lipid metabolism in pigs

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第3期10卷 280-293页

作者： Chunlin Xie Xiaoyan Zhu baoyang xu Yaorong Niu xuelei Zhang Libao Ma Xianghua Yan State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei 430070China The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production WuhanHubei 430070China Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology WuhanHubei 430070China

Lipid metabolism is very important for meat quality in pigs.Accumulating evidence shows that gut microbiota can contribute to this physiological process.However,the gut microbiota that function in lipid metabolism and adipogenesis remains unclear.Here,we compared the characteristics of fat deposition and gut microbial community between Laiwu pigs and Duroc(LandraceYorkshire)(DLY)pigs.Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)was performed to determine the possible impact of gut microbiota on lipid metabolism in pigs.An integrated analysis of the gut microbiome and lipidome of the small intestine,plasma,and liver was conducted to investigate the effects of FMT on host lipid metabolism.The comparative analysis of the gut microbiome showed higher abundance of Bacteroidetes(P=0.0018)while lower abundance of Firmicutes(P=0.012)in Laiwu pigs,and the microbial composition can be transferred from Laiwu pigs into DLY pigs.Transmission electron microscope and Oil red-O staining were performed to analyze the effects of FMT on lipid deposition in liver,the main target organ for lipid metabolism.The results showed that FMT significantly increased the number of lipid droplets(P=0.0035)and lipid accumulation(P=0.0026)in liver.Furthermore,integrated multi-tissues lipidome analysis demonstrated that the fatty acyls and glycerophospholipids were significantly increased(P<0.01)in intestine and liver,while glycerolipids and fatty acyls were reduced(P<0.01)in plasma.In the small intestine,FMT increased(P<0.01)the relative abundance of polyketides and prenol lipids but reduced(P<0.01)the saccharolipids.Correlation analysis revealed the potential interactions between microbiota and lipid metabolites.Together,our results indicated that the gut microbiota may regulate the lipid metabolism and enhance the accumulation of lipid droplets in the liver of pigs.

关键词： Pig Gut microbiota Lipidome Fecal microbiota transplantation Lipid metabolism

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Multi-omics analysis reveals gut microbiota-induced intramuscular fatdeposition via regulating expression of lipogenesis-associated genes

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 84-99页

作者： Chunlin Xie Junyong Teng Xinkai Wang baoyang xu Yaorong Niu Libao Ma Xianghua Yan State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanHubei430070China Hubei Hongshan Laboratory WuhanHubei430070China The Cooperative Innovation Center of Sustainable Pig Production WuhanHubei430070China Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology WuhanHubei430070China

The gut microbiome has great effects on the digestion, absorption, and metabolism of lipids. However,the microbiota composition that can alter the fat deposition and the meat quality of pigs remains unclear.Here, we used Laiwu (LW) pigs (a native Chinese breed with higher intramuscular fat) compared withcommercial crossbreed Duroc×(Landrace×Yorkshire) (DLY) pigs to investigate the effects of microbiotaon meat quality, especially in intramuscular fat content. A total of 32 DLY piglets were randomly allottedto 4 groups and transplanted with fecal microbiota from healthy LW pigs. The results indicated that thehigh dose of fecal microbiota transplantation (HFMT) selectively enhanced fat deposition in longissimusdorsi (P < 0.05) but decreased backfat thickness (P < 0.05) compared with control group. HFMT significantlyaltered meat color and increased feed conversation ratio (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the multi-omicsanalysis revealed that Bacteroides uniformis, Sphaerochaeta globosa, Hydrogenoanaerobacterium saccharovorans,and Pyramidobacter piscolens are the core species which can regulate lipid deposition. A total of140 male SPF C57BL/6j mice were randomly allotted into 7 groups and administrated with these 4 microbesalone or consortium to validate the relationships between microbiota and lipid deposition.Inoculating the bacterial consortium into mice increased intramuscular fat content (P < 0.05) comparedwith control mice. Increased expressions of lipogenesis-associated genes including cluster of differentiation36 (Cd36), diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2 (Dgat2), and fatty acid synthase (FASN) wereobserved in skeletal muscle in the mice with mixed bacteria compared with control mice. Together, ourresults suggest that the gut microbiota may play an important role in regulating the lipid deposition in the muscle of pigs and mice.

关键词： Gut microbiota Lipid deposition Intramuscular fat Meat quality Fecal microbiota transplantation

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Multi‑omics analysis reveals gut microbiota‑ovary axis contributed to the follicular development difference between Meishan and Landrace×Yorkshire sows

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畜牧与生物技术杂志:英文版 2023年第5期14卷 1954-1968页

作者： baoyang xu Wenxia Qin Yuwen Chen Yimei Tang Shuyi Zhou Juncheng Huang Libao Ma Xianghua Yan State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production Wuhan 430070HubeiChina Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Wuhan 430070HubeiChina

Background The mechanism by which Meishan(MS)sows are superior to white crossbred sows in ovarian follicle development remains unclear.Given gut microbiota could regulate female ovarian function and reproductive capacity,this study aimed to determine the role of gut microbiota-ovary axis on follicular development in sows.Methods We compared the ovarian follicular development,gut microbiota,plasma metabolome,and follicular fluid metabolome between MS and Landrace×Yorkshire(L×Y)sows.A H_(2)O_(2)-induced cell apoptosis model was used to evaluate the effects of multi-omics identified metabolites on the apoptosis of porcine ovarian granulosa cells in vitro.Results Compared with L×Y sows,MS sows have greater ovary weight and improved follicular development,including the greater counts of large follicles of diameter≥5 mm,secondary follicles,and antral follicles,but lesser atretic follicles.The ovarian granulosa cells in MS sows had alleviated apoptosis,which was indicated by the increased BCL-2,decreased caspases-3,and decreased cleaved caspases-3 than in L×Y sows.The ovarian follicular fluid of MS sows had higher concentrations of estradiol,progesterone,follicle-stimulating hormone,luteinizing hormone,and insulin like growth factor 1 than L×Y sows.Gut microbiota of MS sows formed a distinct cluster and had improved alpha diversity,including increased Shannon and decreased Simpson than those of L×Y sows.Corresponding to the enhanced function of carbohydrate metabolism and elevated short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in feces,the differential metabolites in plasma between MS and L×Y sows are also mainly enriched in pathways of fatty acid metabolism.There were significant correlations among SCFAs with follicular development,ovarian granulosa cells apoptosis,and follicular fluid hormones,respectively.Noteworthily,compared with L×Y sows,MS sows had higher follicular fluid SCFAs concentrations which could ameliorate H_(2)O_(2)-induced porcine granulosa cells apoptosis in vitro.Conclusion MS sows have more secondary and antral foll

关键词： Follicular development Granulosa cells apoptosis Gut microbiota Short-chain fatty acids Sows

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Rice bran oil supplementation protects swine weanlings against diarrhea and lipopolysaccharide challenge

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2023年第5期24卷 430-441页

作者： Juncheng HUANG Wenxia QIN baoyang xu Haihui SUN Fanghua JING Yunzheng xu Jianan ZHAO Yuwen CHEN Libao MA Xianghua YAN State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryFrontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable ProductionCollege of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070China The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production Wuhan 430070China Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Wuhan 430070China Yichun Dahaigui Life Science Co. Ltd.Yichun 336000China

Early weaned piglets suffer from oxidative stress and enteral infection,which usually results in gut microbial dysbiosis,serve diarrhea,and even death.Rice bran oil(RBO),a polyphenol-enriched by-product of rice processing,has been shown to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties both in vivo and in vitro.Here,we ascertained the proper RBO supplementation level,and subsequently determined its effects on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced intestinal dysfunction in weaned piglets.A total of 168 piglets were randomly allocated into four groups of seven replicates(42 piglets each group,(21±1)d of age,body weight(7.60±0.04)kg,and half males and half females)and were given basal diet(Ctrl)or basal diet supplemented with 0.01%(mass fraction)RBO(RBO1),0.02%RBO(RBO2),or 0.03%RBO(RBO3)for 21 d.Then,seven piglets from the Ctrl and the RBO were treated with LPS(100μg/kg body weight(BW))as LPS group and RBO+LPS group,respectively.Meanwhile,seven piglets from the Ctrl were treated with the saline vehicle(Ctrl group).Four hours later,all treated piglets were sacrificed for taking samples of plasma,jejunum tissues,and feces.The results showed that 0.02%was the optimal dose of dietary RBO supplementation based on diarrhea,average daily gain,and average daily feed intake indices in early weaning piglets.Furthermore,RBO protected piglets against LPS-induced jejunal epithelium damage,which was indicated by the increases in villus height,villus height/crypt depth ratio,and Claudin-1 levels,as well as a decreased level of jejunal epithelium apoptosis.RBO also improved the antioxidant ability of LPS-challenged piglets,which was indicated by the elevated concentrations of catalase and superoxide dismutase,and increased total antioxidant capacity,as well as the decreased concentrations of diamine oxidase and malondialdehyde in plasma.Meanwhile,RBO improved the immune function of LPS-challenged weaned piglets,which was indicated by elevated immunoglobulin A(IgA),IgM,β-defensin-1,and lysozyme levels in the plasma.In addition,RBO supp

关键词： Rice bran oil Gut microbiota Weaned piglets Oxidative stress Lipopolysaccharide

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Dietary ellagic acid supplementation attenuates intestinal damage and oxidative stress by regulating gut microbiota in weanling piglets

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第4期11卷 322-333页

作者： Wenxia Qin baoyang xu Yuwen Chen Wenbo Yang Yunzheng xu Juncheng Huang Ting Duo Yihua Mao Guozong Zhou Xianghua Yan Libao Ma State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology College of Animal Sciences and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production WuhanChina Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pig Precision Feeding and Feed Safety Technology WuhanChina Wuhan Huayang Animal Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd WuhanChina Hubei Tianxin Biotech Co. LtdShiyanChina

Intestinal oxidative stress triggers gut microbiota dysbiosis,which is involved in the etiology of postweaning diarrhea and enteric infections.Ellagic acid(EA)can potentially serve as an antioxidant supplement to facilitate weaning transition by improving intestinal oxidative stress and gut microbiota dysbiosis.Therefore,we aimed to investigate the effects of dietary EA supplementation on the attenuation of intestinal damage,oxidative stress,and dysbiosis of gut microbiota in weanling piglets.A total of126 piglets were randomly assigned into 3 groups and treated with a basal diet and 2 m L saline orally(Ctrl group),or the basal diet supplemented with 0.1%EA and 2 m L saline orally(EA group),or the basal diet and 2 m L fecal microbiota suspension from the EA group orally(FEA group),respectively,for 14 d.Compared with the Ctrl group,EA group improved growth performance by increasing average daily feed intake and average daily weight gain(P<0.05)and decreasing fecal scores(P<0.05).EA group also alleviated intestinal damage by increasing the tight junction protein occludin(P<0.05),villus height,and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio(P<0.05),while decreasing intestinal epithelial apoptosis(P<0.05).Additionally,EA group enhanced the jejunum antioxidant capacity by increasing the total antioxidant capacity(P<0.01),catalase(P<0.05),and glutathione/oxidized glutathione(P<0.05),but decreased the oxidative metabolite malondialdehyde(P<0.05)compared to the Ctrl group.Compared with the Ctrl group,EA and FEA groups increased alpha diversity(P<0.05),enriched beneficial bacteria(Ruminococcaceae and Clostridium ramosum),and increased metabolites short-chain fatty acids(P<0.05).Correspondingly,FEA group gained effects comparable to those of EA group on growth performance,intestinal damage,and intestinal antioxidant capacity.In addition,the relative abundance of bacteria shifted in EA and FEA groups was significantly related to the examined indices(P<0.05).Overall,dietary EA supplementation could improve growth performance and atte

关键词： Ellagic acid Gut microbiota Weanling piglets Intestinal damage Oxidative stress

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Riverine sulfate sources and behaviors in arid environment,Northwest China:Constraints from sulfur and oxygen isotopes

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 716-731页

作者： Yifu xu Wenjing Liu Bing xu Zhifang xu Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Innovation Academy for Earth Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The fate of riverine sulfate ion (SO_(4)^(2-)) and its environmental effects in arid environment are difficult to evaluate due to its complicated sources and strongly coupled behaviors with water cycle which is significantly modified by humans.To understand the sulfur cycle in aquatic systems in arid environment,the chemical and sulfur and oxygen isotopic compositions (δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)) of major rivers around the Badain Jaran Desert,northwestern China,were investigated.These rivers had averaged SO_(4)^(2-)content at 1336μmol/L,over 10times higher than the global average.The δ^(34)S_(SO4)and δ^(18)O_(SO4)values ranged from-5.3‰to+11.8‰and+1.6‰to+12.8‰,respectively.The end-member analysis and the inverse model showed that riverine sulfate was mainly derived from evaporites dissolution (0-87%),sulfide oxidation (13%-100%) and precipitation (0-33%),indicating heterogeneity in sulfur sources and behaviors along the river drainage with the lithology variations and climate gradients.Multiple isotopic tools combining with hydro-chemistry compositions could be applied to reveal sulfur cycle in arid environment.Based on the calculation,sulfide oxidation plays the primary role in the headwater and upstream in the Qilian-Mountains area,where sulfide is widely exposed.While the proportion of evaporites dissolution contributing to riverine sulfate is much higher in downstream in a drier environment.Besides,less precipitation and higher temperature can lead to more intensive evaporation,affecting the process of sulfide oxidation and enhancing the rates of evaporites dissolution and sulfate precipitation in the basin.

关键词： Sulfur and oxygen isotopes Source apportionment Inverse model Arid environment Inland rivers Northwestern China

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Biohythane production from two-stage anaerobic digestion of food waste:A review

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第5期139卷 334-349页

作者： Xiaona An Ying xu Xiaohu Dai State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse School of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security Shanghai 200092China

The biotransformation of food waste(FW)to bioenergy has attracted considerable research attention as a means to address the energy crisis and waste disposal problems.To this end,a promising technique is two-stage anaerobic digestion(TSAD),in which the FW is transformed to biohythane,a gaseous mixture of biomethane and biohydrogen.This review summarises the main characteristics of FW and describes the basic principle of TSAD.Moreover,the factors influencing the TSAD performance are identified,and an overview of the research status;economic aspects;and strategies such as pre-treatment,co-digestion,and regulation of microbial consortia to increase the biohythane yield from TSAD is provided.Additionally,the challenges and future considerations associated with the treatment of FW by TSAD are highlighted.This paper can provide valuable reference for the improvement and widespread implementation of TSAD-based FW treatment.

关键词： Two-stage anaerobic digestion(TSAD) Food waste(FW) Methane production Hydrogen production

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Identification of high oxygen-consuming substances in stormwater drainage systems illicitly connected with sewage system

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 132-140页

作者： Chen xu Zuxin xu Wenhai Chu Shanshan Wu Rong Xiao Lei Su State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse College of Environmental Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China Guangzhou Resource Environmental Protection Technology Co. Ltd.Guangzhou 510030China

The dissolved oxygen content in water is an important indicator for assessing the quality of the water environment,and maintaining a certain amount of dissolved oxygen is essential for the healthy development of the ecological environment.When a water body is anoxic,the activity of anaerobic microorganisms increases and organic matter is decomposed to produce a large number of blackening and odorizing substances,resulting in black and odorous water bodies,which is a very common and typical phenomenon in China.Presently,there is still a relatively universal occurrence of illicitly connected stormwater and sewage pipes in the urban drainage pipe network in China,which makes oxygen-consuming substances be directly discharged into rivers through stormwater pipes and consume the dissolved oxygen in the water bodies,resulting in an oxygen deficiency of the water.This induces seasonal or year-round black and stink phenomena in urban rivers.Hence,identifying high oxygen-consuming substances,which lays the foundation for the subsequent removal of oxygen-consuming substances,is essential.Through a series of comparisons of water quality indicators and analysis of organic characteristics,it was found that the oxygen consumption capacity of domestic sewage was higher than that of industrial wastewater in the selected area of this study,and the oxygen-consuming substances of domestic sewage were small molecular amino acids.By comparing 20 conventional free amino acids,it was found that seven of them consumed oxygen easily,and compared with chemical oxygen consumption,biological oxygen consumption was in a leading position.

关键词： Urban drainage system Oxygen-consuming substances Domestic sewage Amino acid

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Aldehyde oxidase mediated enantioselective metabolic health risk of dinotefuran

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第6期67卷 2079-2091页

作者： Liwei xu Xinxin xu Hua Kuang Chuanlai xu Xiaoling Wu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China International Joint Research Laboratory for Biointerface and Biodetection and School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China Collaborative Innovation center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province Jiangnan UniversityWuxi214122China

Chiral pollutants often pose significant differential environmental health risks.In this study,the biotransformation of chiral dinotefuran(DIN)and its enantioselective metabolic toxicity mechanisms have been systemically investigated.Firstly,reversedphase chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry was developed to quantify the content of DIN R/S chiral enantiomer with pg level sensitivity,revealing a lower elimination rate constant(K_(e))of S-DIN(0.730 h^(-1))than R-DIN(0.746 h^(-1)).Secondly,the interaction mechanism between DIN metabolism and important endogenous bioactive molecules,such as aldehyde oxidase(AOX)and neurotransmitters,was revealed.The DIN nitro-group was converted into a guanidine group by the reducing site of nearby flavin adenine dinucleotide(FAD)in AOX with the preferred higher affinity of S-configuration.Meanwhile,the endogenous tryptophan(Trp)aldehyde metabolic intermediate,5-hydroxyindoleacetaldehyde(5-HIAL),provides a persistent electron donor for DIN reduction via the oxidation-catalyzed site in AOX,resulting in remarkable up-regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine.Thirdly,the higher level of neurotransmitters further mediated dysregulation of oxylipin homeostasis via the serotonergic pathway,where S-DIN exhibited more pronounced liver lipid damage and environmental health risk with the accumulated lipid biomarkers,oxidized triglyceride(OxTG)and oxidized sphingomyelin(OxSM).This study elucidates the AOX-mediated enantioselectivity metabolic pathway of DIN,providing a new analytical method for chiral pollutants and paves the way for their health risk assessments.

关键词： neonicotinoid dinotefuran enantiomer aldehyde oxidase metabolomics health risk

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Mapping super-resolution image quality

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 178-180页

作者： Megan A.Steves Ke xu Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA94720USA

The local quality of super-resolution microscopy images can be assessed and mapped by rolling Fourier ring correlation,even when image quality varies within a single image.

关键词： image resolution Mapping

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