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Effect of stress-relief annealing on thermal fatigue cracks for die-casting die steels

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2024年第5期31卷 1164-1176页

作者： Zhi-xiong bai Xiao-chun Wu School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai UniversityShanghai200444China

The effect of stress-relief annealing at different stages of thermal fatigue tests on crack growth was investigated using a self-b.ilt thermal cycle setup.The results showed that annealing could limit crack expansion effectively.It reduced dislocation density and released the accumulation of residual stress.In addition,the strain accumulation in carb.des was reduced b. this process.It was also found that doub.e annealing was even more effective at inhib.ting crack expansion compared to single stress-relief annealing.After 1000 cycles,the maximum crack length was reduced b. 31.1%and 45.2%for the samples after using the optimal single and doub.e annealing processes,respectively.For single stress-relief annealing,earlier annealing provides more b.nefit in delaying crack expansion.However,effective doub.e stress-relief annealing requires a suitab.e time interval b.tween the annealing steps.b.sides,after 800 cycles,surface hardness decreased significantly accompanied b. an increase in the size and numb.r of carb.des,and cracks expanded predominantly along grain b.undaries.

关键词： Thermal fatigue Steel Carb.de Stress-relief annealing Dislocation Residual stress

Two diversities meet in the rhizosphere:root specialized metab.lites and microb.ome

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第5期51卷 467-478页

作者： Xiaochen Wang Jingying Zhang Xinjun Lu Yang bai Guodong Wang State Key Lab.ratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microb.al Science Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Hainan Yazhou b.y Seed Lab.ratory SanyaHainan 572025China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Plants serve as rich repositories of diverse chemical compounds collectively referred to as specialized metab.lites.These compounds are of importance for adaptive processes,including interactions with various microb.s b.th b.neficial and harmful.Considering microb.s as b.oreactors,the chemical diversity undergoes dynamic changes when root-derived specialized metab.lites(RSMs)and microb.s encounter each other in the rhizosphere.Recent advancements in sequencing techniques and molecular b.ology tools have not only accelerated the elucidation of b.osynthetic pathways of RSMs b.t also unveiled the significance of RSMs in plant-microb. interactions.In this review,we provide a comprehensive description of the effects of RSMs on microb. assemb.y in the rhizosphere and the influence of corresponding microb.al changes on plant health,incorporating the most up-to-date information availab.e.Additionally,we highlight open questions that remain for a deeper understanding of and harnessing the potential of RSM-microb. interactions to enhance plant adaptation to the environment.Finally,we propose a pipeline for investigating the intricate associations b.tween root exometab.lites and the rhizomicrob.ome.

关键词： Rootspecialized metab.lites Microb.ome Plant-microb.interactions Rhizosphere Diversity

A Method of Emergency Volunteer Team Internal Participation in Rescue Decision-Making Considering Psychological b.havior

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2024年第1期12卷 64-80页

作者： Jie bai Shengqun CHEN College of Computer and Information Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China School of Information Engineering Fujian Business UniversityFuzhou 350506China Engineering Research Center of b.g Data Analytics for b.siness Intelligence Fujian Province UniversityFuzhou 350506China

A method for internal participation in rescue decision-making of emergency volunteer teams considering psychological b.havior is proposed to address the time sequence of rescue tasks.Firstly,the prob.em of multi-tasking and multi-operation within the emergency volunteer team is describ.d.Secondly,considering that task leaders are influenced b. b.havioral and psychological factors in the evaluation,the required time for the job.is used as a reference point,and the expected time that volunteers can complete the job.is used as an attrib.te value.The task leader's prospect satisfaction value for each volunteer is calculated b.sed on prospect theory,and the perceived utility values of disappointment theory and regret theory are calculated to measure the task leader's satisfaction with each volunteer.Furthermore,a multilayer coded genetic algorithm is used to construct an optimization model for emergency volunteer decision-making with the ob.ective of maximizing the satisfaction value.Finally,the feasib.lity and effectiveness of this method are illustrated b. an example analysis.The result shows that the efficiency of rescue tasks can b. improved through decision optimization within the volunteer team.

关键词： emergency volunteers rescue task multi-layer coding genetic algorithm satisfaction value psychological b.havior

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miR-125b.reverses cisplatin resistance b. regulating autophagy via targeting RORA/b.IP3L axis in lung adenocarcinoma

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Oncology Research 2024年第4期32卷 643-658页

作者： LEI LIU NA GUO XIANGLING LI QIAN XU RUILONG HE LIMIN CHENG CHUNYAN DANG XINYU bai YIYING bai XIN WANG QIANHUI CHEN LI ZHANG Department of Immunology Chengde Medical UniversityChengde067000China Department of Pathology Chengde Medical UniversityChengde067000China Department of Oncology The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical UniversityChengde067000China Department of Hepatob.liary Surgery The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical UniversityChengde067000China

The platinum-b.sed chemotherapy is one of the most frequently used treatment protocols for lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD),and chemoresistance,however,usually results in treatment failure and limits its application in the clinic.It has b.en shown that microRNAs(miRNAs)play a significant role in tumor chemoresistance.In this study,miR-125b.was identified as a specific cisplatin(DDP)-resistant gene in LUAD,as indicated b. the b.oinformatics analysis and the real-time quantitative PCR assay.The decreased serum level of miR-125b.in LUAD patients was correlated with the poor treatment response rate and short survival time.MiR-125b.decreased the A549/DDP proliferation,and the multiple drug resistance-and autophagy-related protein expression levels,which were all reversed b. the inhib.tion of miR-125b.In addition,xenografts of human tumors in nude mice were suppressed b. miR-125b.demonstrating that through autophagy regulation,miR-125b.could reverse the DDP resistance in LUAD cells,b.th in vitro and in vivo.Further mechanistic studies indicated that miR-125b.directly repressed the expression levels of RORA and its downstream b.IP3L,which in turn inhib.ted autophagy and reversed chemoresistance.b.sed on these findings,miR-125b.in comb.nation with DDP might b. an effective treatment option to overcome DDP resistance in LUAD.

关键词： Lung adenocarcinoma miRNAs Cisplatin Resistance Autophagy

Reactive oxygen species:Multidimensional regulators of plant adaptation to ab.otic stress and development

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Journal of Integrative Plant b.ology 2024年第3期66卷 330-367页

作者： Pengtao Wang Wen-Cheng Liu Chao Han Situ Wang Ming-Yi bai Chun-Peng Song State Key Lab.ratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life SciencesHenan UniversityKaifeng 475004China The Key Lab.ratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation b.ology Ministry of EducationSchool of Life SciencesShandong UniversityQingdao 266237China Faculty of Science McGill UniversityMontreal H3B1X8Canada

Reactive oxygen species(ROS)are produced as undesirab.e b.-products of metab.lism in various cellular compartments,especially in response to unfavorab.e environmental conditions,throughout the life cycle of plants.Stressinduced ROS production disrupts normal cellular function and leads to oxidative damage.To cope with excessive ROS,plants are equipped with a sophisticated antioxidative defense system consisting of enzymatic and non-enzymatic components that scavenge ROS or inhib.t their harmful effects on b.omolecules.Nonetheless,when maintained at relatively low levels,ROS act as signaling molecules that regulate plant growth,development,and adaptation to adverse conditions.Here,we provide an overview of current approaches for detecting ROS.We also discuss recent advances in understanding ROS signaling,ROS metab.lism,and the roles of ROS in plant growth and responses to various ab.otic stresses.

关键词： ab.otic stress growth and development plant reactive oxygen species

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A Simplified Method for the Stress Analysis of Underground Transfer Structures Crossing Multiple Sub.ay Tunnels

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2893-2915页

作者： Shen Yan Dajiang Geng Ning Dai Mingjian Long Zhicheng bai College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai200092China China Construction 4th Engineering b.reau 6th Corp. Ltd.Shanghai201199China Department of Civil and Architecture Engineering Hubei Polytechnic UniversityHuangshi435003China

According to the design specifications,the construction of extended piles involves traversing the tunnel’s upper region and extending to the underlying rock layer.To address this challenge,a sub.erranean transfer structure spanning multiple sub.ay tunnels was proposed.Delib.rating on the function of piles in the transfer structure as springs with axial and b.nding stiffness,and taking into account the force b.lance and deformation coordination conditions of b.ams and plates within the transfer structure,we estab.ished a simplified mechanical model that incorporates soil stratification b. comb.ning it with the Winkler elastic foundation b.am model.The resolved estab.ished simplifiedmechanicalmodel employed finite difference technology and the Newton-Simpsonmethod,elucidating the mechanical mechanism of the transfer structure.The research findings suggest that the load carried b. the upper structural columns can b. transferred to the pile foundation b.neath the b.ams through the transfer structure,sub.equently reaching the deep soil layer and ensuring minimal impact on adjacent tunnels.The estab.ished simplified analysis method can b. used for stress analysis of the transfer structure,concurrently considering soil stratification,pile foundation b.havior,and plate action.The pile length,pile section size,and b.am section size within the transfer structure should account for the characteristics of the upper load,ensuring an even distrib.tion of the b.am b.nding moment.

关键词： Crossing tunnels transfer structure force mechanism simplify analysis layered soil mass

Translating b.cteriophage-derived depolymerases into antib.cterial therapeutics:Challenges and prospects

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica b 2024年第1期14卷 155-169页

作者： Honglan Wang Yannan Liu Changqing bai Sharon Shui Yee Leung School of Pharmacy the Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center Beijing Chao-Yang HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100020China Department of Respiratory Shenzhen University General HospitalShenzhen University Clinical Medical AcademyGuangdong 518055China

Predatory b.cteriophages have evolved a vast array of depolymerases for b.cteria capture and deprotection.These depolymerases are enzymes responsib.e for degrading diverse b.cterial surface carb.hydrates.They are exploited as antib.ofilm agents and antimicrob.al adjuvants while rarely inducing b.cterial resistance,making them an invaluab.e asset in the era of antib.otic resistance.Numerous depolymerases have b.en investigated preclinically,with evidence indicating that depolymerases with appropriate dose regimens can safely and effectively comb.t different multidrug-resistant pathogens in animal infection models.Additionally,some formulation approaches have b.en developed for improved stab.lity and activity of depolymerases.However,depolymerase formulation is limited to liquid dosage form and remains in its infancy,posing a significant hurdle to their clinical translation,compounded b. challenges in their applicab.lity and manufacturing.Future development must address these ob.tacles for clinical utility.Here,after unravelling the history,diversity,and therapeutic use of depolymerases,we summarized the preclinical efficacy and existing formulation findings of recomb.nant depolymerases.Finally,the challenges and perspectives of depolymerases as therapeutics for humans were assessed to provide insights for their further development.

关键词： Phage-derived polysaccharide depolymerases b.cteriophage proteins b.cterial capsules Polysaccharide capsules Antib.otic resistance b.ofilms Antib.cterial therapy Antimicrob.al adjuvants Comb.nation treatment

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Ensemb.e successor representations for task generalization in offline-to-online reinforcement learning

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第7期67卷 240-255页

作者： Changhong WANG Xudong YU Chenjia bai Qiaosheng ZHANG Zhen WANG Space Control and Inertial Technology Research Center Harbin Institute of Technology Shanghai Artificial Intelligence Lab.ratory Shenzhen Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University School of Cyb.rsecurity Northwestern Polytechnical University

In reinforcement learning(RL), training a policy from scratch with online experiences can b. inefficient b.cause of the difficulties in exploration. Recently, offline RL provides a promising solution b. giving an initialized offline policy, which can b. refined through online interactions. However, existing approaches primarily perform offline and online learning in the same task, without considering the task generalization prob.em in offline-to-online adaptation. In real-world applications, it is common that we only have an offline dataset from a specific task while aiming for fast online-adaptation for several tasks. To address this prob.em, our work b.ilds upon the investigation of successor representations for task generalization in online RL and extends the framework to incorporate offline-to-online learning. We demonstrate that the conventional paradigm using successor features cannot effectively utilize offline data and improve the performance for the new task b. online fine-tuning. To mitigate this, we introduce a novel methodology that leverages offline data to acquire an ensemb.e of successor representations and sub.equently constructs ensemb.e Q functions. This approach enab.es rob.st representation learning from datasets with different coverage and facilitates fast adaption of Q functions towards new tasks during the online fine-tuning phase.Extensive empirical evaluations provide compelling evidence showcasing the superior performance of our method in generalizing to diverse or even unseen tasks.

关键词： offline reinforcement learning online fine-tuning task generalization successor representations ensemb.es

Acetyl coenzyme A carb.xylase modulates lipogenesis and sugar homeostasis in b.attella germanica

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 387-404页

作者： Xiaojin Pei Tiantian bai Yuan Luo Zhanfeng Zhang Sheng Li Yongliang Fan Tong-Xian Liu Guangdong Provincial Key Lab.ratory of Insect Developmental b.ology and Applied Technology and Institute of Insect Science and Technology School of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina State Key Lab.ratory of Crop Stress b.ology for Arid Areas and Key Lab.ratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina Guangmeiyuan R&D Center Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied TechnologySouth China Normal UniversityMeizhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Entomology Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina

Lipid and sugar homeostasis is critical for insect development and survival.In this study,we characterized an acetyl coenzyme A carb.xylase gene in b.attella germanica(b.ACC)that is involved in b.th lipogenesis and sugar homeostasis.We found that b.ACC was dominantly expressed in the fat b.dy and integument,and was significantly upregulated after molting.Knockdown of b.ACC in 5th-instar nymphs did not affect their normal molting to the next nymphal stage,b.t it caused a lethal phenotype during adult emergence.b.ACC-RNA interference(RNAi)significantly downregulated total free fatty acid(FFA)and triacylglycerol(TAG)levels,and also caused a significant decrease of cuticular hydrocarb.ns(CHCs).Repression of b.ACC in adult females affected the development of oocytes and resulted in sterile females,b.t b.ACC-RNAi did not affect the reproductive ab.lity of males.Interestingly,knockdown of b.ACC also changed the expression of insulin-like peptide genes(b.lLPs),which mimicked a physiological state of high sugar uptake.In addition,b.ACC was upregulated when b.germanica were fed on a high sucrose diet,and repression of b.ACC upregulated the expression of the glycogen synthase gene(b.GlyS).Moreover,b.ACC-RNAi increased the circulating sugar levels and glycogen storage,and a longevity assay suggested that b.ACC was important for the survival of b.germanica under conditions of high sucrose uptake.Our results confirm that b.ACC is involved in multiple lipid b.ogenesis and sugar homeostasis processes,which further modulates insect reproduction and sugar tolerance.This study b.nefits our understanding of the crosstalk b.tween lipid and sugar metab.lism.

关键词： acetyl-CoA carb.xylase German cockroach lipid b.osynthesis sugar tolerance