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Tri-axial accelerometry allows to determine parental food provisioning behaviour in a marine bird

Avian Research 2024年第3期15卷 345-351页

作者： Monserrat Del Caño Flavio Quintana giacomo Dell’omo Agustina gómez-Laich Instituto de Biología de organismos Marinos(IBIoMAR) CONICETBoulevard Brown 2915U9120ACDPuerto MadrynChubutArgentina ornis Italica Piazza Crati 1500199RomeItaly Departamento de Ecología Genética y Evolución(EGE)and Instituto de EcologíaGenética y Evolución de Buenos Aires(IEGEBA)CONICETFacultad de CienciasExactas y NaturalesUniversidad de Buenos AiresPabellón II Ciudad UniversitariaC1428EGACiudad Autónoma de Buenos AiresArgentina

The study of parental food provisioning is essential for understanding the breeding ecology of *** conducted the first study using accelerometry to detect food provisioning in birds,using Support Vector Machine(SVM)models to identify when adults feed chicks of three different age *** were attached to the head of adult female Imperial Shags(Leucocarbo atriceps),and various attributes derived from the acceleration signals were used to train SVM models for each chick age *** performance improved with chick age class,with SVM models achieving high overall accuracy(>88%)and highest sensitivity in older chick categories(>91%).However,precision values,especially for younger chicks,remained relatively low(between 26%and 45%).The application of a time filter based on the minimum duration of the observed food provisioning behaviours for each chick age category,improved model performance by reducing false provisioning behaviours,particularly in the model for older chicks,which showed the highest precision(72.4%).This study highlights the effectiveness of accelerometry and machine learning in studying parental food provisioning in birds,providing a rapid and accurate data collection method to complement traditional *** described methodology can be applied to any bird species that exhibits distinctive movements while feeding its offspring and has suitable characteristics for attaching an accelerometer to the body part that best captures this ***,it is hoped that the results of this study will contribute to future research on key questions in parental investment theory and reproductive strategies in birds.

关键词： Accelerometry Food provisioning Imperial shag Leucocarbo atriceps Seabird Support vector machine

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Perturbations in the earthworm metabolite profile during a two-week exposure to metformin

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 221-229页

作者： J.D.gillis g.W.Price S.o.Prasher Department of Bioresource Engineering McGill UniversityFaculty of Agricultural and Environmental SciencesMacdonald-Stewart Building MS1-02721111 Lakeshore RoadSainte-Anne-de-BellevueQuebecH9X 3V9Canada Department of Engineering Dalhousie UniversityFaculty of Agriculture39 Cox RoadPO Box 550TruroNova ScotiaB2N 5E3Canada

Metformin is among the most prescribed pharmaceuticals in many countries,and as a result has shown up in biosolids derived from municipal wastewater treatment that are destined for land *** humans taking metformin,the effects include reduced glucose uptake in the intestine,a reduction in gluconeogenesis,increased oxidation of fatty acids,and reduced fatty acid *** effects of metformin on soil-dwelling organisms are not well *** study tested the effects of metformin exposure(0,10,40,160,640μg g^(-1))on the earthworm(***)at four time points(6 h,2 d,7 d,and 14 d)using gC-MS to reveal sub-lethal effects and elucidate potential modes of action for *** were no mortalities observed,and earthworms exposed to the highest concentrations(160 and 640μg g^(-1))gained weight relative to the control on days 7 and *** reductions on day 7 were observed for glucose and malic acid(consistent with a reduction in gluconeogenesis),and for palmitic and margaric acid(consistent with increased oxidation and reduced synthesis of fatty acids).Lactic acid ranked first and second among canonicals 1 and 2 respectively and led to significant differences in discriminant scores across concentration and *** levels increased to equal or greater than the control on day 14,likely caused by reduced exposure as metformin is reported to be readily transformed by microorganisms under aerobic *** observations were consistent with the known effects of metformin in humans,and suggests that a similar mode of action exists in earthworms.

关键词： Metabolites Toxicity Earthworms Metformin gC-MS

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optimizing building retrofit through data analytics:A study of multi-objective optimization and surrogate models derived from energy performance certificates

Energy and Built Environment

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Energy and Built Environment 2024年第6期5卷 889-899页

作者： g.R.Araújo Ricardo gomes Paulo Ferrão M.glória gomes IN+ DEMTécnico LisboaUniversidade de lisboaAv Rovisco PaisLisboa1049-001Portugal CERIS DECivilTécnico LisboaUniversidade de LisboaAv Rovisco PaisLisboa1049-001Portugal

The building stock is responsible for a large share of global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions,therefore,it is critical to promote building retrofit to achieve the proposed carbon and energy neutrality *** of the policies implemented in recent years was the Energy Performance Certificate(EPC)policy,which proposes building stock benchmarking to identify buildings that require ***,research shows that these mechanisms fail to engage stakeholders in the retrofit process because it is widely seen as a mandatory and complex *** study makes use of an EPC database to integrate machine learning techniques with multi-objective optimization and develop an interface capable of(1)predicting a building’s,or household’s,energy needs;and(2)providing the user with optimum retrofit solutions,costs,and return on *** goal is to provide an open-source,easy-to-use interface that guides the user in the building retrofit *** energy and EPC prediction models show a coefficient of determination(R2)of 0.84 and 0.79,and the optimization results for one case study EPC with a 2000€budget limit inÉvora,Portugal,show decreases of up to 60%in energy needs and return on investments of up to 7 in 3 years.

关键词： Building energy performance Building optimization Multi-objective surrogate models Building retrofitting

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Stability analysis of a time-delayed Van der Pol–Helmholtz–Duffing oscillator in fractal space with a non-perturbative approach

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 22-31页

作者： Yusry o El-Dib Department of Mathematics Faculty of EducationAin Shams UniversityRoxyCairoEgypt

The time-delayed fractal Van der Pol–Helmholtz–Duffing(VPHD)oscillator is the subject of this paper,which explores its mechanisms and highlights its stability *** time-delayed technologies are currently garnering significant attention,the focus of this research remains crucially relevant.A non-perturbative approach is employed to refine and set the stage for the system under *** innovative methodologies introduced yield an equivalent linear differential equation,mirroring the inherent nonlinearities of the ***,the incorporation of quadratic nonlinearity into the frequency formula represents a cutting-edge *** analytical solution's validity is corroborated using a numerical *** conditions are ascertained through the residual galerkin ***,it is observed that the delay parameter,in the context of the fractal system,reverses its stabilizing influence,impacting both the amplitude of delayed velocity and the *** analytical solution's precision is underscored by its close alignment with numerical ***,the study reveals that fractal characteristics emulate damping *** its applicability across diverse nonlinear dynamical systems,this non-perturbative approach emerges as a promising avenue for future research.

关键词： Van der Pol-Helmholtz-Duffing oscillator fractal space time-delay non-perturbative approach stability analysis El-Dib's frequency formula

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Nutritional epigenetics education improves diet and attitude of parents of children with autism or attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 159-178页

作者： Renee J Dufault Katherine M Adler David o Carpenter Steven g gilbert Raquel A Crider College of graduate Health Studies A.T.Still UniversityKirksvilleMO 63501United States Department of Research Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States Department of Health Sciences University of New HavenWest HavenCT 06516United States Institute for Health and the Environment School of Public HealthState University of New YorkAlbanyNY 12222United States Department of Research Institute of Neurotoxicology and Neurological DisordersSeattleWA 98105United States Department of Statistics Food Ingredient and Health Research InstituteNaalehuHI 96772United States

BACKgRoUND Unhealthy maternal diet leads to heavy metal exposures from the consumption of ultra-processed foods that may impact gene behavior across generations,creating conditions for the neurodevelopmental disorders known as autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Children with these disorders have difficulty metabolizing and excreting heavy metals from their bloodstream,and the severity of their symptoms correlates with the heavy metal levels measured in their *** may play a key role in helping parents reduce their ultra-processed food and dietary heavy metal intake by providing access to effective nutritional epigenetics *** To test the efficacy of nutritional epigenetics instruction in reducing parental ultra-processed food *** The study utilized a semi-randomized test and control group pretest-posttest pilot study design with participants recruited from parents having a learning-disabled child with autism or ***-two parents who met the inclusion criteria were randomly selected to serve in the test(n=11)or control(n=11)*** test group participated in the six-week online nutritional epigenetics tutorial,while the control group did *** efficacy of the nutritional epigenetics instruction was determined by measuring changes in parent diet and attitude using data derived from an online diet survey administered to the participants during the pre and post intervention *** intake scores were derived for both ultra-processed and whole/organic *** sample t-tests were conducted to determine any differences in mean diet scores within each *** There was a significant difference in the diet scores of the test group between the pre-and post-intervention *** parents in the test group significantly reduced their intake of ultra-processed foods with a preintervention diet score of 70(mean=5.385,SD=2.534)and a post-intervention diet score of 113(mean=8.692,SD=1.750)and the

关键词： Epigenomics Parenteral nutrition Autism Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder Ultra-processed foods Heavy metals

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Sensing nanoscale electromagnetic forces when the heat is on

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 64-65页

作者： Eric o.Potma Department of Chemistry University of California

In scanning probe microscopy(SPM),a sharp tip scans across a sample to produce an image with nanometer-scale resolution or better. SPM contrast is derived from the physical interplay between the tip and the sample. A special class of SPM techniques measures forces when the tip–sample junction is illuminated by an external light source. Photo-induced forces can be sensitive to the optical properties of the sample, thus enabling nanoscale imaging with spectroscopic,material-specific contrast.

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Increases in the incremental exercise mean response time across the steady state domain:Implications for exercise testing&prescription

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第4期6卷 315-323页

作者： Bridgette g.J.o'Malley Robert A.Robergs Todd A.Astorino Queensland University of Technology Faculty of Health:School of Exercise and Nutrition SciencesBrisbaneAustralia Department of Kinesiology CSU-San MarcosSan MarcosCAUSA

We hypothesized that slowed oxygen uptake(Vo_(2))kinetics for exercise transitions to higher power outputs(Po)within the steady state(SS)domain would increase the mean response time(MRT)with increasing exercise intensity during incremental *** highly trained cyclists(mean±standard deviation[SD]);age(39±6)years[yr];and Vo_(2) peak=(61±9)mL/kg/min performed a maximal,ramp incremental cycling test and on separate days,four 6-min bouts of cycling at 30%,45%,65%&75% of their incremental peak Po(Wpeak).SS trial data were used to calculate the MRT and verified by mono-exponential and linear curve *** the ramp protocol attained the value from SS,the Po,in Watts(W),was converted to time(min)based on the ramp function W to quantify the incremental MRT(iMRT).Slope analyses for the Vo_(2) responses of the SS versus incremental exercise data below the gas exchange threshold(gET)revealed a significant difference(p=0.003;[0.437±0.08]vs.[0.382±0.05]L·min^(-1)).There was a significant difference between the 45%Wpeak steady state Vo_(2)(ss Vo_(2))([3.08±0.30]L·min^(-1),respectively),and 30% Wpeak ss Vo_(2)(2.26±0.24)(por 45% and 30% Wpeak ss Vo_(2) values([50.58±36.85]s vs.[32.20±43.28]s).These data indicate there is no single iMRT,which is consistent with slowed Vo_(2) kinetics and an increasing Vo_(2) deficit for higher exercise intensities within the SS domain.

关键词： Mean responsetime(MRT) Incremental exercise Steady state(SS) Exercise testing Exercise prescription

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Phase composition,conductivity,and sensor properties of cerium-doped indium oxide

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Nano Materials Science 2024年第2期6卷 193-200页

作者： M.I.Ikim g.N.gerasimov V.F.gromov o.J.Ilegbusi L.I.Trakhtenberg N.N.Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics of RAS MoscowRussia University of Central Florida OrlandoFLUSA Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology(State University) DolgoprudnyMoscow RegionRussia Lomonosov Moscow State University MoscowRussia

The hydrothermal synthesis of In_(2)o_(3)and Ceo_(2)–In_(2)o_(3)is investigated as well as the properties of sensor layers based on these *** the synthesis of In_(2)o_(3),intermediate products In(oH)_(3)and InooH are formed,which are the precursors of stable cubic(c-In_(2)o_(3))and metastable rhombohedral(rh-In_(2)o_(3))phases,respectively.A transition from c-In_(2)o_(3)to rh-In_(2)o_(3)is observed with the addition of Ceo_(2).The introduction of cerium into rh-In_(2)o_(3)results in a decrease in the sensor response to hydrogen,while it increases in composites based on c-In_(2)o_(3).The data on the sensor activity of the composites correlate with XPS results in which Ceo_(2)causes a decrease in the concentrations of chemisorbed oxygen and oxygen vacancies in rh-In_(2)o_(3).The reverse situation is observed in composites based on c-In_(2)o_(3).Compared to In_(2)o_(3)and Ceo_(2)–In_(2)o_(3)obtained by other methods,the synthesized composites demonstrate maximum response to H_(2)at low temperatures by 70–100℃,and have short response time(0.2–0.5 s),short recovery time(6–7 s),and long-term stability.A model is proposed for the dependence of sensitivity on the direction of electron transfer between In_(2)o_(3)and Ceo_(2).

关键词： Cerium oxide Indium oxide Nanocomposite Hydrothermal method Cubic phase Rhombohedral phase Sensor response Conductivity Hydrogen Response/recovery time

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Making topological protein links using enzymatic reactions

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 50-51页

作者： Roger Castells-graells Todd o.Yeates Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California UCLA-DoE Institute for genomics and Proteomics

Proteins are exceedingly complex molecules though, at their heart, they are essentially linear polymers. Pull at their ends and one obtains an extended backbone. While that is true in most cases, some natural proteins... 详细信息

关键词： DESIgN

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A synthetic microbial community used as a bioinoculant can overcome rice production constraints in acid soils

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 1085-1086页

作者： Maureen o’Callaghan Shengjing Shi Resilient Agriculture group AgResearchLincolnChristcurch 8140New Zealand

A customised synthetic microbial community(SynCom)composed of carefully selected rhizosphere-competent bacterial strains improved rice growth,yield and resistance to soil acidity and Al toxicity.

关键词： soil soils rhizosphere

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