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Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)based ultrathin solar cells the pathway from lab rigid to large scale flexible technology

npj Flexible Electronics 2023年第1期7卷 524-534页

作者： T.S.Lopes J.P.Teixeira M.A.Curado b.R.Ferreira A.J.N.Oliveira J.M.V.Cunha M.Monteiro A.Violas J.R.S.barbosa P.C.Sousa I.Çaha J.borme K.Oliveira J.Ring W.C.Chen Y.Zhou K.Takei E.Niemi F.L.Deepak M.Edoff G.brammertz P.A.Fernandes b.vermang P.M.P.Salomé INL-International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory Avenida Mestre JoséVeiga4715-330 BragaPortugal Hasselt University imo-imomecMartelarenlaan 423500 HasseltBelgium Imec imo-imomecThor Park 83203600 GenkBelgium EnergyVille imo-imecThorPark 83203600 GenkBelgium CFisUC Department of PhysicsUniversity of CoimbraP-3004-516 CoimbraPortugal Departamento de Física Universidade de AveiroCampus Universitário de Santiago3810-193 AveiroPortugal i3N Universidade de AveiroCampus Universitário de Santiago3810-193 AveiroPortugal Obducat Ab Medicon Village22363 LundSweden Ångström Laboratory Department of Engineering SciencesUppsala University75121 UppsalaSweden Midsummer Ab Elektronikhõjden 6SE-17543 JãrfãllaSweden CIETI Departamento de FísicaInstituto Superior de Engenharia do PortoInstituto Politécnico do Porto4200-072 PortoPortugal

The incorporation of interface passivation structures in ultrathin Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)based solar cells is *** fabrication used an industry scalable lithography technique—nanoimprint lithography(NIL)—for a 15×15 cm^(2)dielectric layer *** with a NIL nanopatterned dielectric layer are benchmarked against electron-beam lithography(EbL)patterning,using rigid *** NIL patterned device shows similar performance to the EbL patterned *** impact of the lithographic processes in the rigid solar cells’performance were evaluated via X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and through a Solar Cell Capacitance *** device on stainless-steel showed a slightly lower performance than the rigid approach,due to additional challenges of processing steel substrates,even though scanning transmission electron microscopy did not show clear evidence of impurity ***,time-resolved photoluminescence results strongly suggested elemental diffusion from the flexible ***,bending tests on the stainless-steel device demonstrated the mechanical stability of the CIGS-based device.

关键词： lithography ultrathin rigid

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A review on barrier layers used in flexible stainless-steel based CIGS photovoltaic devices

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npj Flexible Electronics 2023年第1期7卷 187-198页

作者： Sarallah Hamtaei Guy brammertz Jef Poortmans bart vermang imec imo-imomecThor Park 83203600 GenkBelgium Hasselt University(partner in Solliance) imo-imomecMartelarenlaan 423500 HasseltBelgium EnergyVille imo-imomecThor Park 83203600 GenkBelgium KU Leuven Department of Electrical EngineeringKasteelpark Arenberg 103001 HeverleeBelgium

Two primary engineering challenges are en route to fabricating high-performance flexible stainless-steel based Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)_(2)solar cells;Growing absorbers without contamination from the substrate,and providing alkali dopants to the *** former is chiefly addressed by introducing a barrier layer,and the latter by post-deposition treatment or including dopant-containing layers in the *** we organize these solutions and different approaches in an accessible ***,reports on interaction between contamination and alkali elements are discussed,as is the impact of barrier layer properties on the interconnect ***,we make recommendations to consolidate the multitude of sometimes inharmonious solutions.

关键词： CIGS barrier absorber

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Neuroinflammation revisited through the microglial lens

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 1989-1990页

作者： Renato Socodato João b.Relvas Institute of Research and Innovation in Health(i3S)and Institute for Molecular and Cell biology(IbMC) University of PortoPortoPortugal Department of biomedicine Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto(FMUP)PortoPortugal

Neuroimmunology is emerging as a pivotal field,shedding light on the intricate dialogues between the central nervous system(CNS)and the immune *** exploration is particularly significant in understanding microglia,the CNS’s innate immune cells,beyond the conventional conflation of“neuroinflammation”and“microglial activation.”This conflation has clouded the true complexity of these processes,potentially stalling scientific progress and the development of new *** challenge the long-standing perspectives that have oversimplified these interactions,advocating for a deeper exploration of the dynamic relationship between neuroinflammation and microglial *** dissecting specific molecular pathways,we aim to illuminate their elaborate roles in neuroinflammatory responses,especially in the context of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Here,neuroinflammation is not merely a passive observer or a direct antagonist but a complex agent in the disease’s *** article calls for a significant paradigm shift towards an integrative,multi-omics approach to *** such a comprehensive framework is crucial for advancing our understanding of neuroinflammatory conditions and paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies for brain diseases.

关键词： inflammation simplified activation

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Physics-based electrical modelling of CIGS thin-film photovoltaic modules for system-level energy yield simulations

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npj Flexible Electronics 2022年第1期6卷 854-862页

作者： Santhosh Ramesh Arttu Tuomiranta Ali Hajjiah Marc Meuris bart vermang Jef Poortmans Imec imo-imomecThor Park 83203600 GenkBelgium EnergyVille imo-imomecThor Park 83203600 GenkBelgium KU Leuven Dept.of Electrical Engineering(ESAT)LeuvenBelgium Hasselt University imo-imomecMartelarenlaan 423500 HasseltBelgium Kuwait University Dept.of Electrical EngineeringCollege of Engineering and PetroleumKuwaitKuwait

Copper indium gallium selenide(CIGS)is a commercialized,high-efficiency thin-film photovoltaic(PV)*** state-of-theart energy yield models for this technology have a significant normalized root mean square error(nRMSE)on power estimation:De Soto model—26.7%;PVsyst model—12%.In this work,we propose a physics-based electrical model for CIGS technology which can be used for system-level energy yield simulations by people across the PV value *** model was developed by considering models of significant electrical current pathways from literature and adapting it for the system-level *** improved it further by incorporating temperature and irradiance dependence of parameters through characterisation at various operating *** also devised a module level,non-destructive characterization strategy based on readily available measurement equipment to obtain the model *** model was validated using the measurements from multiple commercial modules and has a significantly lower power estimation nRMSE of 1.2%.

关键词： CIGS electrical PVsyst

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A Comprehensive Survey on Federated Learning Applications in Computational Mental Healthcare

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2025年第1期142卷 49-90页

作者： Vajratiya Vajrobol Geetika Jain Saxena Amit Pundir Sanjeev Singh Akshat Gaurav Savi bansal Razaz Waheeb Attar Mosiur Rahman brij b.Gupta Institute of Informatics and Communication University of DelhiDelhi110021India Maharaja Agrasen College University of DelhiDelhi110096India Computer Engineering Ronin InstituteMontclairNJ 07043USA Department of Research and Innovation Insights2TechinfoJaipur302001India University Centre for Research and Development(UCRD) Chandigarh UniversityChandigarh140413India Management Department College of Business AdministrationPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia CCRI&Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung413Taiwan Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology(SCIT) Symbiosis International UniversityPune411057India Center for Interdisciplinary Research University of Petroleum and Energy Studies(UPES)Dehradun248007India

Mental health is a significant issue worldwide,and the utilization of technology to assist mental health has seen a growing *** aims to alleviate the workload on healthcare professionals and aid *** applications have been developed to support the challenges in intelligent healthcare ***,because mental health data is sensitive,privacy concerns have *** learning has gotten some *** research reviews the studies on federated learning and mental health related to solving the issue of intelligent healthcare *** explores various dimensions of federated learning in mental health,such as datasets(their types and sources),applications categorized based on mental health symptoms,federated mental health frameworks,federated machine learning,federated deep learning,and the benefits of federated learning in mental health *** research conducts surveys to evaluate the current state of mental health applications,mainly focusing on the role of Federated Learning(FL)and related privacy and data security *** survey provides valuable insights into how these applications are emerging and evolving,specifically emphasizing FL’s impact.

关键词： Depression emotional recognition intelligent healthcare systems mental health federated learning stress detection sleep behaviour

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Machine learning in solid organ transplantation:Charting the evolving landscape

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World Journal of Transplantation 2025年第1期15卷 165-177页

作者： badi Rawashdeh Haneen Al-abdallat Emre Arpali beje Thomas Ty b Dunn Matthew Cooper Division of Transplant Surgery Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53202United States Department of Medicine Jordan University HospitalAmman 11263Jordan Department of Nephrology Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI 53226United States

bACKGROUND Machine learning(ML),a major branch of artificial intelligence,has not only demonstrated the potential to significantly improve numerous sectors of healthcare but has also made significant contributions to the field of solid organ *** provides revolutionary opportunities in areas such as donorrecipient matching,post-transplant monitoring,and patient care by automatically analyzing large amounts of data,identifying patterns,and forecasting *** To conduct a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of publications on the use of ML in transplantation to understand current research trends and their *** On July 18,a thorough search strategy was used with the Web of Science *** and transplantation-related keywords were *** the aid of the VOS viewer application,the identified articles were subjected to bibliometric variable analysis in order to determine publication counts,citation counts,contributing countries,and institutions,among other *** Of the 529 articles that were first identified,427 were deemed relevant for bibliometric analysis.A surge in publications was observed over the last four years,especially after 2018,signifying growing interest in this *** 209 publications,the United States emerged as the top ***,the"Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation"and the"American Journal of Transplantation"emerged as the leading journals,publishing the highest number of relevant *** keyword searches revealed that patient survival,mortality,outcomes,allocation,and risk assessment were significant themes of *** The growing body of pertinent publications highlights ML's growing presence in the field of solid organ *** bibliometric analysis highlights the growing importance of ML in transplant research and highlights its exciting potential to change medical practices and enhance patient *** collaboration between signific

关键词： Machine learning Artificial Intelligence Solid organ transplantation bibliometric analysis

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Corrosion by a Heavy Metal Oxide Glass

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2005年第2期21卷 243-245页

作者： b.b.Rana Department of Engineering Materials University of Sheffield Sheffield S1 4DU UK PCSIR Laboratories Complex LahorePakistan

Melts of lead bismuth gallate compositions are highly corrosive and attack on crucibles of different materials. In the present study, corrosion by a base glass (50PbO-30bi2O3-20Ga2O3 in mole fraction) melted using different crucibles and the effect on UV-VIS and IR edges were studied. by melting the base glass in platinum/2% rhodium, gold zirconia and alumina crucibles showed less effect on the IR edge and therefore shifted the infrared edge to longer wavelength, whereas silica crucible contaminated the glass, causing a severe deterioration in the infrared and hence shifted infrared edge to much shorter wavelength. In the UV-VIS region, base glass melted in platinum/2% rhodium crucible shifted the edge to the longest wavelength whereas silica crucible shifted the edge to shorter wavelength. The contaminants from gold, zirconia and alumina crucibles caused the UV-VIS edge of the base glass to lie between the two extremes of Pt/2% Rh and SiO2 crucibles. The glasses melted in above mentioned crucibles were also characterized with inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP) analysis to measure the level of contamination from the crucibles. Depending upon crucible used, the colors of glasses obtained ranged from red to yellow.

关键词： Oxide glass Corrosion Crucible

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Nonsmooth Semi-Infinite Minmax Programming Involving Generalized(Φ, ρ)-Invexity

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2015年第4期28卷 857-875页

作者： UPADHYAY b b MISHRA S K Department of basic Sciences & Humanities National Institute of Technology

This paper introduces some new generalizations of the concept of （~, p）-invexity for non- differentiable locally Lipschitz functions using the tools of Clarke subdifferential. These functions are used to derive the necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for a class of nonsmooth semi-infinite minmax programming problems, where set of restrictions are indexed in a compact set. Utilizing the sufficient optimality conditions, the authors formulate three types of dual models and establish weak and strong duality results. The results of the paper extend and unify naturally some earlier results from the literature.

关键词： Duality, generalized invexity locally Lipschitz functions, minmax programming, semi-infinite programming.

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Investigation of nanocrystalline structure in selected carbonaceous materials

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2014年第9期21卷 940-946页

作者： Manoj b Department of Physics Christ University

The structural parameters of nine Indian coals were determined by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and Kaman spectroscopy. The study revealed that the coals contain crystalline carbon of turbostratic structure with amorphous carbon. The stacking height （Lc） and interlayer spacing （rico2） of the crystallite structure of the coals ranged from 1.986 to 2.373 nm and from 0.334 to 0.340 nm, respectively. The degree of graphitization was calculated to range from 42% to 99%, thereby confirming the ordering of the carbon layers with the increase in coal rank. An exponential correlation was observed among the aromaticity （fa）, the lateral size （La）, and the rank （I20/I26）, suggesting that the coal crystallites are nanocrystalline in nature. A very strong correlation was observed between the structural parameters （fa, d002, Lc, the H/C ratio, and I20/I26）, the volatile matter content, and the elemental carbon content, indicating the structures of coals are controlled by the degree of contact metamorphism. The Raman spectra exhibited two prominent bands： the graphitic band （G） and the fn＇st-order characteristic defect band （D）. The deconvolufion resulted in five peaks： G, D1, D2, D3, and D4. The intense D1 band, which appeared at -1350 cm^-1, corresponds to a lattice vibration mode with Alg symmetry. The D2 mode, which appeared at -1610 cm^-1, arises from the structural disorder as a shoulder on the G band.

关键词： nanocrystals graphitization aromaticity carbonaceous materials

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Rethinking the solar flare paradigm

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Plasma Science and Technology 2018年第7期20卷 15-21页

作者： d b melrose SIfA School of PhysicsThe University of SydneyNSW 2006Australi

It is widely accepted that solar flares involve release of magnetic energy stored in the solar corona above an active region, but existing models do not include the explicitly time-dependent electrodynamics needed to describe such energy release. A flare paradigm is discussed that includes the electromotive force （EMF） as the driver of the flare, and the flare-associated current that links different regions where magnetic reconnection, electron acceleration, the acceleration of mass motions and current closure occur. The EMF becomes localized across regions where energy conversion occurs, and is involved in energy propagation between these regions.

关键词： solar flares electrodynamics time-dependence

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