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Quasi-Static, Poiseuille Flow of Analgesics from an Elastomeric Pump: theoretical Determination of Infusion times and toxicity conditions

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Journal of biosciences and Medicines 2024年第9期12卷 251-265页

作者： clare b. Lipscombe trevor c. Lipscombe Don S. Lemons Division of General Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA catholic University of America Press Washington DC USA Department of Physics Bethel College North Newton KS USA

background: Elastomeric pumps (elastic balls into which analgesics or antibiotics can be inserted) push medicines through a catheter to a nerve or blood vessel. Since elastomeric pumps are small and need no power source, they fit easily into a pocket during infusion, allowing patient mobility. Elastomeric pumps are widely used and widely studied experimentally, but they have well-known problems, such as maintaining reliable flow rates and avoiding toxicity or other peak-and-trough effects. Objectives: Our research objective is to develop a realistic theoretical model of an elastomeric pump, analyze its flow rates, determine its toxicity conditions, and otherwise improve its operation. We believe this is the first such theoretical model of an elastomeric pump consisting of an elastic, medicine-filled ball attached to a horizontal catheter. Method: Our method is to model the system as a quasi-Poiseuille flow driven by the pressure drop generated by the elastic sphere. We construct an engineering model of the pressure exerted by an elastic sphere and match it to a solution of the one-dimensional radial Navier-Stokes equation that describes flow through a horizontal, cylindrical tube. Results: Our results are that the model accurately reproduces flow rates obtained in clinical studies. We also discover that the flow rate has an unavoidable maximum, which we call the “toxicity bump”, when the radius of the sphere approaches its terminal, unstretched value—an effect that has been observed experimentally. conclusions: We conclude that by choosing the properties of an elastomeric pump, the toxicity bump can be restricted to less than 10% of the earlier, relatively constant flow rate. Our model also produces a relation between the length of time that the analgesic fluid infuses and the physical properties of the fluid, of the elastomeric sphere and the tube, and of the blood vessel into which the analgesic infuses. From these, we conclude that elastomeric pumps can be design

关键词： Elastomeric Pump Infusion therapy bio-Fluids Medical Devices Antibiotic Delivery Analgesic Delivery

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A facile strategy for tuning the density of surface-grafted biomolecules for melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing applications

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bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第3期7卷 277-291页

作者： I.A.O.beeren G.Dos Santos P.J.Dijkstra c.Mota J.bauer H.Ferreira Rui L.Reis N.Neves S.camarero-Espinosa M.b.baker L.Moroni Department of complex tissue Regeneration MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative MedicineMaastricht University6229 ER MaastrichtThe Netherlands 3b’s Research Group I3Bs–Research Institute on BiomaterialsBiodegradables and BiomimeticsHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative MedicineUniversity of MinhoAveParkZona Industrial da Gandra4805-017 BarcoGuimarãesPortugal IcVS/3b’s-Pt Government Associate Laboratory 4806-909 Braga/GuimarãesPortugal POLYMAt University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU20018 Donostia/San SebastiánSpain IKERbASQUE Basque Foundation for Science48009 BilbaoSpain

Melt extrusion-based additive manufacturing(ME-AM)is a promising technique to fabricate porous scaffolds for tissue engi-neering ***,most synthetic semicrystalline polymers do not possess the intrinsic biological activity required to control cell *** of biomolecules on polymeric surfaces of AM scaffolds enhances the bioactivity of a construct;however,there are limited strategies available to control the surface ***,we report a strategy to tune the surface density of bioactive groups by blending a low molecular weight poly(ε-caprolactone)5k(PcL5k)containing orthogonally reactive azide groups with an unfunctionalized high molecular weight PcL75k at different *** porous three-dimensional(3D)scaf-folds were then fabricated using a high weight percentage(75 wt.%)of the low molecular weight PcL *** a proof-of-concept test,we prepared films of three different mass ratios of low and high molecular weight polymers with a thermopress and reacted with an alkynated fluorescent model compound on the surface,yielding a density of 201-561 pmol/cm^(2).Subsequently,a bone morphogenetic protein 2(bMP-2)-derived peptide was grafted onto the films comprising different blend compositions,and the effect of peptide surface density on the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells(hMScs)was *** two weeks of culturing in a basic medium,cells expressed higher levels of bMP receptor II(bMPRII)on films with the conjugated *** addition,we found that alkaline phosphatase activity was only significantly enhanced on films contain-ing the highest peptide density(i.e.,561 pmol/cm^(2)),indicating the importance of the surface *** together,these results emphasize that the density of surface peptides on cell differentiation must be considered at the cell-material ***,we have presented a viable strategy for ME-AM community that desires to tune the bulk and surface functionality via blending of(m

关键词： Additive manufacturing blending Surface functionalization Surface density click chemistry Human

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biocompatible biphasic Iontronics Enable Neuron-Like Ionic Signal transmission

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Research 2024年第3期2024卷 795-796页

作者： Xiaoyi Wang Aleksandar P.Ivanov Joshua b.Edel Department of chemistry Imperial College LondonMolecular Sciences Research HubLondon W12 OBZUK

biocompatible connections between external artificial devices and living organisms show promise for future neuroprosthetics and *** study in Science by Zhao and colleagues introduces a cascade-heterogated biphasic gel(HbG)iontronic device,which facilitates electronic-to-multi-ionic signal transduction for abiotic–biotic *** by neuron signaling,the HbG device demonstrated its biocompatibility by regulating neural activity in biological tissue,paving the way for wearable and implantable devices,including brain–computer interfaces.

关键词： asi Signal Neuron

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Investigating ischemia and reperfusion-induced organ damage in severe cardiac arrest:A comprehensive proteomics perspective

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2024年第3期14卷 427-430页

作者： Ju Yeon Lee Muhammad Shoaib Jin-Woong choi Rishabh c.choudhary tai Yin Nara Yoon Kei Hayashida Seunguk J.baek Santiago J.Miyara Lance b.becker Junhwan Kim Research center of bioconvergence Analysis Korea Basic Science InstituteCheongjuSouth Korea bio-Analytical Science University of Science and TechnologyCheongjuSouth Korea Laboratory for critical care Physiology Feinstein Institutes for Medical ResearchManhassetNY11030USA Donald and barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell School of Medicine HempsteadNY11549USA Mathematics and computer Science Adelphi UniversityGarden CityNY11530USA Department of Emergency Medicine North Shore University HospitalManhassetNY11030USA

cardiac arrest(cA)is a life-threatening condition with complex pathophysiology and limited treatment *** gain deeper insights into the pathological state of vital organs,we employed a proteomics analysis in rodents to assess proteome alterations in the brain,heart,kidney,and liver using a rat model of *** brain displayed severe protein alterations in essential cellular pathways,including three major energy-generating pathways after cA,which worsened after resuscitation,resulting in the most significant overall protein changes among the ***,the liver,experiencing the most substantial protein alterations post-cA,demonstrated significant recovery,presenting the least protein changes post-resuscitation.

关键词： alterations organs damage

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QcD sum rule study of J^(P)=1^(±)exotic states with two heavy quarks in the molecular picture

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chinese Physics c 2024年第6期48卷 31-37页

作者： t.M.Aliev S.bilmis M.Savcı Department of Physics Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara06800Turkey tUbItAK ULAKbIM Ankara06510Turkey

In this study,the spectroscopic parameters of exotic molecular states composed of mesons containing two heavy quarks(scalar-axial and pseudoscalar-axial meson combinations)are investigated within the QcD sum *** findings reveal that molecular states containing charm quarks do not form bound states,whereas states with b-quarks can form exotic molecular *** observation has significant implications for understanding the structure of these exotic states.

关键词： QcD sum rules exotic mesons molecular states

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Modelling of the elastoplastic behaviour of the bio-cemented soils using an extended Modified cam clay model

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2184-2197页

作者： Xuerui Wang christian b.Silbermann thomas Nagel Udo Nackenhorst Institute of Mechanics and computational Mechanics Leibniz UniversitätHannoverAppelstr.9aHannover30167Germany Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit(GRS)gGmbH Theodor-Heuss-Straße 4Braunschweig38122Germany Geotechnical Institute Technische Universität BergakademieFreibergGustav-Zeuner-Str.1Freiberg09599Germany

An elastoplastic constitutive model based on the Modified cam clay(Mcc)model is developed to describe the mechanical behaviour of soils cemented via microbially induced calcite precipitation(MIcP).It considers the increase of the elastic stiffness,the change of the yield surface due to MIcP cementation and the degradation of calcium carbonate bonds during ***,to capture the typical contraction-dilation transition in MIcP soils,the original volumetric hardening rule in the Mcc model is modified to a combined deviatoric and volumetric hardening *** model could reproduce a series of drained triaxial tests on MIcP-treated soils with different calcium carbonate ***,we carry out a parametric study and observe numerical instability in some *** combination with an analytical analysis,our numerical modelling has identified the benefits and limitations of using Mccbased models in the simulation of MIcP-cemented soils,leading to suggestions for further model development.

关键词： Microbially induced calcite precipitation(MIcP) Elastoplasticity Modified cam clay(Mcc) OpenGeoSys MFront contraction-dilation transition

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Analysis of strong decays of SU(3)partners ofΩ(2012)baryon

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chinese Physics c 2024年第8期48卷 34-41页

作者： t.M.Aliev S.bilmis M.Savci Department of Physics Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkey tUbItAK ULAKbIM Ankara 06510Turkey

We estimate the coupling constants and decay widths of the SU(3)partners of theΩ(2012)hyperon,as discovered by the bELLE collaboration,using the distribution amplitudes of the octet baryons within the light cone sum rules *** study includes a comparison of the obtained results for the relevant decay widths with those derived within the framework of the flavor SU(3)*** observe a good agreement between the predictions of both ***,our result on the decay width ofΩ→ΞK is compatible with the existing experimental result within the uncertainties of the model *** results can provide helpful insights for determining the nature of the SU(3)partners of theΩ(2012)baryon.

关键词： coupling constants light cone sum rule hyperon

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A Review on the Advancement of Renewable Natural Fiber Hybrid composites: Prospects, challenges, and Industrial Applications

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第7期12卷 1237-1290页

作者： Mohammed Mohammed Jawad K.Oleiwi Aeshah M.Mohammed Anwar Ja’afar Mohamad Jawad Azlin F.Osman tijjani Adam bashir O.betar Subash c.b.Gopinath center of Excellence Geopolymer&Green technology(cEGeoGtech) Universiti Malaysia PerlisArau02600Malaysia Faculty of chemical Engineering technology Universiti Malaysia Perlis(UniMAP)Arau02600Malaysia Department of Materials Engineering University of TechnologyBaghdad10070Iraq Department of chemical Materials University of Bagdad College of Education for Pure Science Ibn-AlhaithamBaghdad10001Iraq Department of computer techniques Engineering Al-Rafidain University CollegeBaghdad10001Iraq Faculty of Electronics Engineering technology Universiti Malaysia PerlisKampus Uniciti Alam Sg.ChuchuhPerlis02100Malaysia Research center(NANOcAt) University of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia Institute of Nano Electronic Engineering Universiti Malaysia PerlisPerlis01000Malaysia center for Global Health Research Saveetha Medical College&HospitalSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences(SIMATS)Tamil Nadu602105India

Naturalﬁbre(NFR)reinforced functional polymer composites are quickly becoming an indispensable sustainable material in the transportation industry because of their lightweight,lower cost in manufacture,and adaptability to a wide variety of ***,the major difﬁculties of using theseﬁbres are their existing poor dimensional stability and the extreme *** assessing the mechanical properties(MP)of composites,the interfacial bonding(Ib)happening between the NFR and the polymer matrix(PM)plays an incredibly signiﬁcant *** compared to NFR/syntheticﬁbre hybrid composites,hybrid composites(Hc)made up of two separate NFR are less prevalent;yet,these hybrid composites also have the potential to be valuable materials in terms of environmental issues.A new dimension to theﬂexibility of composites reinforced with NFR is added by the cost-effective manufacture of hybrid composites utilising *** purpose of this study is to offer an over-view of the keyﬁndings that were presented on hybrid *** emphasis was focused on the factors that inﬂuence the performance of the naturalﬁber composites,diverse approaches to enhancing MP,physical,electri-cal,and thermal characteristics of the *** study in polymer science gains interest for applications in con-struction and automotive industries.

关键词： Renewable naturalﬁber hybrid composites sustainability nanomaterial greener material

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Leveraging the potential of big genomic and phenotypic data for genome-wide association mapping in wheat

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the crop Journal 2024年第3期12卷 803-813页

作者： Moritz Lell Yusheng Zhao Jochen c.Reif Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and crop Plant Research(IPK) Corrensstraße 3D-06466 SeelandGermany

Genome-wide association mapping studies(GWAS)based on big Data are a potential approach to improve marker-assisted selection in plant *** number of available phenotypic and genomic data sets in which medium-sized populations of several hundred individuals have been studied is rapidly *** these data and using them in GWAS could increase both the power of QtL discovery and the accuracy of estimation of underlying genetic effects,but is hindered by data heterogeneity and lack of *** this study,we used genomic and phenotypic data sets,focusing on central European winter wheat populations evaluated for heading *** explored strategies for integrating these data and subsequently the resulting potential for *** interoperability between data sets was greatly aided by some overlapping genotypes and a linear relationship between the different phenotyping protocols,resulting in high quality integrated phenotypic *** this context,genomic prediction proved to be a suitable tool to study relevance of interactions between genotypes and experimental series,which was low in our *** to expectations,fewer associations between markers and traits were found in the larger combined data than in the individual experimental ***,the predictive power based on the marker-trait associations of the integrated data set was higher across data ***,the results show that the integration of medium-sized to big Data is an approach to increase the power to detect QtL in *** results encourage further efforts to standardize and share data in the plant breeding community.

关键词： big Data Genome-wide association study Data integration Genomic prediction Wheat

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Mathematical assessment of the roles of age heterogeneity and vaccination on the dynamics and control of SARS-coV-2

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2024年第3期9卷 828-874页

作者： binod Pant Abba b.Gumel Department of Mathematics University of MarylandCollege ParkMD20742USA Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics University of PretoriaPretoria0002South Africa

the cOVID-19 pandemic,caused by SARS-coV-2,disproportionately affected certain segments of society,particularly the elderly population(which suffered the brunt of the burden of the pandemic in terms of severity of the disease,hospitalization,and death).this study presents a generalized multigroup model,with m heterogeneous sub-populations,to assess the population-level impact of age heterogeneity and vaccination on the transmission dynamics and control of the SARS-coV-2 pandemic in the United *** analysis of the model for the homogeneous case(i.e.,the model with m=1)reveal that its disease-free equilibrium is globally-asymptotically stable for two special cases(with perfect vaccine efficacy or negligible disease-induced mortality)whenever the associated reproduction number is less than *** model has a unique and globally-asymptotically stable endemic equilibrium,for special a case,when the associated reproduction threshold exceeds *** homogeneous model was fitted using the observed cumulative mortality data for the United States during three distinct waves(Waves A(October 17,2020 to April 5,2021),b(July 9,2021 to November 7,2021)and c(January 1,2022 to May 7,2022))chosen to align with time periods when the Alpha,Delta and Omicron were,respectively,the predominant variants in the United *** calibrated model was used to derive a theoretical expression for achieving vaccine-derived herd immunity(needed to eliminate the disease in the United States).It was shown that,using the one-group homogeneous model,vaccine-derived herd immunity is not attainable during Wave c of the pandemic in the United States,regardless of the coverage level of the fully-vaccinated *** sensitivity analysis was carried out to determine the parameters of the model that have the most influence on the disease dynamics and *** analyses reveal that control and mitigation strategies that may be very effective during one wave may not be so very effecti

关键词： cOVID-19 SARS-coV-2 Heterogeneous model Reproduction number Herd immunity

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