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Integrated Intelligent Electromagnetic Radiator Design for Future THz Communication:A Review

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2022年第3期31卷 499-515页

作者： LU Xuyang Venkatesh Suresh Saeidi Hooman sengupta Kaushik UM-SJTU Joint Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Electrical and Computer Engineering Princeton University

Advances in 6 G communication changes how machines and humans interact. The blossom of new applications demands significantly higher data bandwidth while preserving the mobility and sustainability of electronic wireless communication systems. It also demands an integrable system that allows convenient interactions between communication units and signal processing units.A review of CMOS-based THz communication system solutions is presented, with a focus on novel systematic EM-circuit co-design philosophy. This review starts with a review of THz power generation, followed by the discussion of THz localization and THz beamforming for efficient high-throughput communication.

关键词： Terahertz Integrated circuits CMOS 6G MIMO

Lupus at the molecular level

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Protein & Cell 2011年第12期2卷 941-943页

作者： Mayami sengupta Laurence Morel Department ofPathology ImmunologyandLaboratoryMedicineUniversityofFloridaGainesvilleFL32610USA

Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a debilitating multi-factorial autoimmune disease(Shlomchik et al.,2001;La Cava,2009;Perry et al.,2011).It involves multiple organ systems with tissue damage driven by the activation of auto-reactive Tand b cells(bruns et al.,2000;Langer et al.,2007).It can exist for years before being diagnosed and is known to be more common in women than in *** research efforts have uncovered a complex lupus pathogenesis,many aspects of which are not very clear(Perry et al.,2011).

关键词： al. Lupus lupus

Ghrelin and male reproduction

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第5期8卷 227-232页

作者： Sulagna Dutta Anupam biswas Pallav sengupta Uchenna Nwagha Department of Oral biology and biomedical Sciences Faculty of DentistryMAHSA UniversityMalaysia Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesMAHSA UniversityMalaysia Faculty of basic Medical Sciences University of NigeriaNigeria

Ghrelin is a multifunctional peptide hormone, conventionally known to be secreted by the stomach. The synthesis of ghrelin by the reproductive organs signifies its autocrine and/or paracrine actions upon the gonads. Expression of the functional ghrelin receptor is observed in different levels of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, suggesting its action on hypothalamic secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and the pulsatile secretion of pituitary gonadotropins. It mainly acts to inhibit the secretion of the luteinizing hormone and thereby may also hinder proper testicular functions. This review article aims to provide a concise concept on (a) the characteristics, secretion and mode of actions of ghrelin, and (b) the role of ghrelin as a potential regulator of male reproductive functions. It may act upon the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis as well as directly regulate key testicular functions such as testosterone secretion, Leydig cell proliferation and expressions of prime functional proteins in the seminiferous tubule. These actions of ghrelin on testicular functions appear to be species-specific. Ghrelin and its versatile biological functions bring to a consensus that further research on ghrelin may establish one of the associations between body energy status with alterations in male reproductive functions.

关键词： Ghrelin Male infertility Testosterone Spermatogenesis

Orexins and male reproduction

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第5期8卷 233-238页

作者： Pallav sengupta Sulagna Dutta Maiza Tusimin Ivan Rolland Karkada Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical SciencesMAHSA UniversityMalaysia Department of Oral biology and biomedical Sciences Faculty of DentistryMAHSA UniversityMalaysia Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Putra MalaysiaMalaysia

Orexins (or hypocretins) are hypothalamic neuropeptides with a multitude of physiological functions. They occur in two known forms, namely, orexin A and orexin b with a common precursor, preproorexin. The orexin receptors (orexin 1R and orexin 2R) belong to the Family of G-protein coupled receptors. The primary function of the orexin system,i.e. the orexins, their receptors and associated neuronal circuitries, perhaps is to increase spontaneous physical activity and food intake, thereby promoting an increase in energy expenditure. Reports suggest that orexins may be the key brain components to mediate the mechanism of obesity resistance. Recent research also has thrown lights upon a significant role of orexins, especially orexin A, in regulation of male reproductive functions owing to their receptor expressions in vital testicular cells, such as Leydig cells, Sertoli cells as well as spermatozoa at different developmental stages, even in the epididymis and penis. Moreover, orexins have been reported to greatly influence gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons and their secretions to regulate reproductive functionsvia modulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. Evidence thus implicates participation of orexins in steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, transportation and maturation of sperm as well as in the control of penile function. However, further research is required in this direction to elucidate the mechanisms by which orexins play a role in different testicular functions and effect of orexins on semen quality.

关键词： Obesity Orexin Testis Steroidogenesis Spermatogenesis

mmunomodulatory properties of silver nanoparticles ontribute to anticancer strategy for murine fibrosarcoma

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第2期13卷 191-205页

作者： biswajit Chakraborty Ramkrishna Pal Mohammed Ali Leichombam Mohindro Singh Dewan Shahidur Rahman Sujit Kumar Ghosh Mahuya sengupta Immunobiology Laboratory Department of Biotechnology Assam University Silchar India Department of Chemistry Assam University Silchar India

The use of nanotechnology in nanoparticle-based cancer therapeutics is gaining impetus due to the unique biophysical properties of nanoparticles at the quantum level. Silver nanoparticles （AgNPs） have been reported as one type of potent therapeutic nanoparticles. The present study is aimed to determine the effect of AgNPs in arresting the growth of a murine fibrosarcoma by a reductive mechanism. Initially, a bioavailability study showed that mouse serum albumin （MSA）-coated AgNPs have enhanced uptake; therefore, toxicity studies of AgNP-MSA at 10 different doses （1-10 mg/kg b.w.） were performed in LACA mice by measuring the complete blood count, lipid profile and histological parameters. The complete blood count, lipid profile and histological parameter results showed that the doses from 2 to 8 mg （IC50： 6.15 mg/kg b.w.） sequentially increased the count of leukocytes, lymphocytes and granulocytes, whereas the 9- and 10-mg doses showed conclusive toxicity. In an antitumor study, the incidence and size of fibrosarcoma were reduced or delayed when murine fibrosarcoma groups were treated by AgNP-MSA. Transmission electron micrographs showed that considerable uptake of AgNP-MSA by the sentinel immune cells associated with tumor tissue and a morphologically buckled structure of the immune cells containing AgNP-MSA. because the toxicity studies revealed a relationship between AgNPs and immune function, the protumorigenic cytokines TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were also assayed in AgNP-MSA-treated and non-treated fibrosarcoma groups, and these cytokines were found to be downregulated after treatment with AgNP-MSA.

关键词： AgNP-MSA fibrosarcoma IL-1β IL-6 immunomodulation nanoparticles TNF-α

Ocular manifestations of central insulin resistance

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第5期18卷 1139-1146页

作者： Muneeb A.Faiq Trina sengupta Madhu Nath Thirumurthy Velpandian Daman Saluja Rima Dada Tanuj Dada Kevin C.Chan Dr.Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences All India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Neuroimaging and Visual Science Laboratory Department of OphthalmologyNYU Grossman School of MedicineNYU Langone HealthNew York UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Medical biotechnology Laboratory Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Center for Biomedical ResearchUniversity of DelhiDelhiIndia Dr.baldev Singh Sleep Laboratory Department of PhysiologyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Department of Ocular Pharmacology Dr.Rajendra Prasad Center for Ophthalmic SciencesAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia Laboratory for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics Department of AnatomyAll India Institute of Medical SciencesNew DelhiIndia

Central insulin resistance, the diminished cellular sensitivity to insulin in the brain, has been implicated in diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer’s disease and other neurological disorders. However, whether and how central insulin resistance plays a role in the eye remains unclear. Here, we performed intracerebroventricular injection of S961, a potent and specific blocker of insulin receptor in adult Wistar rats to test if central insulin resistance leads to pathological changes in ocular structures. 80 mg of S961 was stereotaxically injected into the lateral ventricle of the experimental group twice at 7 days apart, whereas buffer solution was injected to the sham control group. blood samples, intraocular pressure, trabecular meshwork morphology, ciliary body markers, retinal and optic nerve integrity, and whole genome expression patterns were then evaluated. While neither blood glucose nor serum insulin level was significantly altered in the experimental or control group, we found that injection of S961 but not buffer solution significantly increased intraocular pressure at 14 and 24 days after first injection, along with reduced porosity and aquaporin 4 expression in the trabecular meshwork, and increased tumor necrosis factor α and aquaporin 4 expression in the ciliary body. In the retina, cell density and insulin receptor expression decreased in the retinal ganglion cell layer upon S961 injection. Fundus photography revealed peripapillary atrophy with vascular dysregulation in the experimental group. These retinal changes were accompanied by upregulation of pro-inflammatory and pro-apoptotic genes, downregulation of anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neurotrophic genes, as well as dysregulation of genes involved in insulin signaling. Optic nerve histology indicated microglial activation and changes in the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein, tumor necrosis factor α, and aquaporin 4. Molecular pathway architecture of the retina revealed the three most s

关键词： brain ciliary bodies gene expression inflammation insulin receptor insulin resistance intraocular pressure neurodegeneration optic nerve retina retinal ganglion cells trabecular meshwork

Functions of follicular and marginal zone b cells in pregnancy

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2018年第4期7卷 191-192页

作者： Sulagna Dutta Pallav sengupta Faculty of Dentistry MAHSA UniversityMalaysia Faculty of Medicine MAHSA UniversityMalaysia

Dear Editor, Pregnancy is a physiological condition when immune cells face a dual crisis, as on one hand, the body needs to essentially tolerate semi-allogenic fetus possessing antigens from maternal and paternal sides, while on the other hand the maternal as well as the fetal body must not be adversely affected by infections. This delicate balance between immune tolerance and responses is regulated by an orchestra of immune cells. Various immune regulations by b cells are lately being explored. These include the production of asymmetric antibodies, induced by pregnancy factors, providing protection against maternally derived antipaternal symmetric antibodies at the feto-maternal interface[1] to protect the fetus from immune attack by destructive maternal natural killer cells as well as cytotoxic lymphocytes(2)Moreover, the regulatory b cells can inhibit pro-inflammatory responses triggered by T cells and pro inflammatory mediators during pregnancy, by secreting interleukin-10, a potent anti-inflammatory cytokine(3)Interleukin-10, secreted by b cells, also suppresses activities of the dendritic cells and keeps them in an immature state as mature dendritic cells would induce T cells which are detrimental to pregnancy sustenance[4].

关键词： Functions follicular marginal zone b cells pregnancy

Anti-viral role of toll like receptor 4 in hepatitis b virus infection: An in vitro study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第47期22卷 10341-10352页

作者： Dipanwita Das Neelakshi Sarkar Isha sengupta Ananya Pal Debraj Saha Manikankana bandopadhyay Chandrima Das Jimmy Narayan Shivram Prasad Singh Runu Chakravarty ICMR Virus Unit Kolkata ID and BG Hospital Campus biophysics and Structural Genomics Division Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics Department of Gastroenterology SCB Medical College Kalinga Gastroenterology Foundation Beam Diagnostics Premises

AIM Toll like receptors plays a significant anti-viral role in different infections. The aim of this study was to look into the role of toll like receptor 4(TLR4) in hepatitis b virus(HbV) *** Real time PCR was used to analyze the transcription of TLR4 signaling molecules, cell cycle regulators and HbV DNA viral load after triggering the Hep G2.2.15 cells with TLR4 specific ligand. Nuclear factor(NF)-κb translocation on TLR4 activation was analyzed using microscopic techniques. Protein and cell cycle analysis was done using Western blot and FACS *** The present study shows that TLR4 activation represses HbV infection. As a result of HbV suppression, there are several changes in host factors which include partial release in G1/S cell cycle arrest and changes in host epigenetic marks. Finally, it was observed that anti-viral action of TLR4 takes place through the NF-κb *** The study shows that TLR4 activation in HbV infection brings about changes in hepatocyte microenvironment and can be used for developing a promising therapeutic target in future.

关键词： Hepatitis b virus Toll like receptor 4 Cell cycle Epigenetic marks Innate immune response

biophysical Characterization of Genistein in Its Natural Carrier Human Hemoglobin Using Spectroscopic and Computational Approaches

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第8期4卷 83-92页

作者： biswapathik Pahari Sandipan Chakraborty bidisha sengupta Sudip Chaudhuri William Martin Jasmine Taylor Jordan Henley Donald Davis Pradip K. biswas Amit K. Sharma Pradeep K. sengupta biophysics Division Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics Kolkata India Department of Chemistry Tougaloo College Tougaloo USA Department of Physics Tougaloo College Tougaloo USA. Saroj Mohan Institute of Technology Hooghly West Bengal India Department of Physics Tougaloo College Tougaloo USA.

Steady state and time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, combined with molecular dynamics simulation, have been used to explore the interactions of a therapeutically important bioflavonoid, genistein, with normal human hemoglobin (HbA). binding constants estimated from the fluorescence studies were K = (3.5 ± 0.32) ×104M-1 for genistein. Specific interactions with HbA were confirmed from flavonoid-induced fluorescence quenching of the tryptophan in the protein HbA. The mechanism of this quenching involves both static and dynamic components as indicated by: (a) increase in the values of Stern-Volmer quenching constants with temperatures, (b) / is slightly > 1 (where and are the unquenched and quenched tryptophan fluorescence lifetimes (averaged) respectively). Molecular docking and dynamic simulations reveal that genistein binds between the subunits of HbA, ~18?? away from the closest heme group of chain α1, emphasizing the fact that the drug does not interfere with oxygen binding site of HbA.

关键词： Natural Drug Carrier Fluorescence Circular Dichroism Molecular Dynamics Docking