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bIM for the Underground-An enabler of trenchless construction

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Underground Space 2020年第4期5卷 354-361页

作者： David Chapman Stylianos Providakis christopher Rogers Department of Civil Engineering University of BirminghamBirmingham B152TTUK

The subsurface space in urban areas is an important ***,the information available on this environment is relatively poor compared to above ground *** paper proposes a building Information Model(bIM)for underground applications as means to address this information *** creation and progressive update of bIM for a constructed artefact ensures that data on the structures is available and can be used throughout its lifetime.A bIM for underground applications integrates data on surface structures,such as buildings,and subsurface infrastructures,such as pipes,along with details of the surrounding ground,the associated soil and rock properties and groundwater regime into a single *** approach is demonstrated by applying it to trenchless construction operations,including a microtunnelling project for a new *** data from this extended bIM concept can be interactively used with analysis packages to conduct risk assessments for new construction *** also shows how bIM for the Underground can be used throughout the planning,construction and post-construction stages of a project,and,importantly,how this information can be available for future projects.

关键词： Trenchless bIM Underground Pipe jacking Microtunnelling Horizontal directional drilling

CHANGES IN VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE FUNCTION IN HYPERTENSION

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中华医学杂志(英文版) 1993年第4期106卷 250-257页

作者： christopher R.Triggle Reza Tabrizchi Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineThe University of Calgary3330 Hospital Drive N.W.CalgaryAlbertaCanada T2N 4N1 Department of Parmacology and Therapeutics Faculty of MedicineThe University of British Columbia2176 Health Sciences MallVancouverB.C.V6T 1Z3Canada

In a comparison of the spontaneously hypertensive rat （SHR） with Wistar-Kyoto （WKY） and Sprague Dawley （SD） rats, it was shown that pertussis toxin （PTX） lowers the blood pressure of the SH but not WKY or SD rats. Sympathetic nerve stimulation （SNS）, via the pithing rod, the nitric oxide NO)-synthase inhibitor N-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester L-NAME) and the pressor response to infusion of AVP were also observed. The results indicate that a G-protein（s） population and /or function may be altered in the vascular smooth muscle of SH rats. This dysfunction may contribute to the heightened pressor responsiveness of the SHR vasculature to SNS and arginine vasopressin （AVP） and the increased sensitivity to the hypotensive effects of nifedipine. NO-synthase activity also appears to be increased in the SHR, suggesting that this increase should reflect a compensatory, change due to the elevation of bP in SHR.

关键词： VASOPRESSIN RECEPTORS RESPONSES RATS ARTERIES

Probabilistic estimate of rock mass static and dynamic demands for underground excavation stabilisation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2019年第3期11卷 481-493页

作者： Ernesto Villaescusa Alan Thompson christopher Windsor Western Australia School of Mines Curtin UniversityLocked Bag 30KalgoorlieWA 6433Australia Alan Thompson Geotechnology Pty Ltd. 40B Windich StreetEsperanceWA 6450Australia

Excavation damage under high in situ stress depends largely upon the potential block size associated with any violent *** size and shape of the dynamic instability are largely controlled by the location,orientation and extent of the pre-existing geological discontinuities.A new methodology is presented in which the rock mass demand can be expressed in terms of the mass in tonnes of unstable rock that is ejected per unit area of the excavation surface where failure occurs.A probabilistic approach has been implemented to estimate the potential rock mass instabilities and their associated static and dynamic *** new methodology considers that the strain energy released by the rock mass during violent stress-driven failure is largely converted into kinetic energy of ejection for *** estimated dynamic demand has been favourably compared with observations of rock mass damage in a number of underground excavations.

关键词： Geological structures Probabilistic design Underground excavations High stresses Dynamic and static demands Deep mining

A review on biomedical and dental applications of cerium oxide nanoparticles——Unearthing the potential of this rare earth metal

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第11期41卷 1645-1661,I0001页

作者： Lalitha S Jairam Akshatha Chandrashekar T.Niranjana prabhu Sunil babu Kotha M.S.Girish Indira Mysuru Devraj M.Dhanya Shri K.Prashantha Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry Faculty of Dental SciencesM.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesNew BEL RoadMSR NagarBangalore560054India Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematical and Physical SciencesM.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesNo.470-PIV PhasePeenya Industrial AreaBangalore560058India Department of Preventive Dentistry Pediatric Dentistry DivisionCollege of DentistryRiyadh Elm UniversityRiyadhKingdom of Saudi Arabia Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry JSS Dental College&HospitalJSS Academy of Higher Education&ResearchMysuruIndia Center for Research and Innovation Adichunchanagiri School of Natural SciencesAdichunchanagiri UniversityBGSITB.G.Nagara571448India

Nanotechnology deals with particles ranging from 1 to 100 nm in size called as *** nano particles exhibit unique properties which find an application in many industries and medical fields.A growing body of evidence points out the newer developing technologies adopted in the field of medicine in terms of target therapies,imaging systems,drug deliveries,*** through the incorporation of *** oxide nanoparticles have gained attention in the last decade due to exceptional properties such as redox activity,biofilm inhibition,antibacterial activity,anti-inflammatory activity,*** method of synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles plays a pivotal role in its *** exhibits redox properties and catalytic activity and thus has found its use in biomedical *** are incorporated into dental materials such as restorative cements/sealants,adhesives,and denture systems to improve their *** the various metal oxide nanoparticles,ce rium oxide nanoparticles(CeO_(2)NPs)are known to exhibit lower toxicity to mammalian cells and possess unique antibacterial *** addition,they exhibit potent properties such as antitumor,antiinflammatory,antibacterial activities,and functions as an ***_(2)NPs have excellent scavenging properties for reactive oxygen species,which is why they are being considered for therapeutic *** this review,various methods of synthesis of CeO_(2)NPs are *** factors that determine the particle size and morphology of these materials are important for biomedical and dental *** is given to preparation methods and variables such as calcination temperature,which have a profound effect on particle size and *** article also presents various applications of CeO_(2)NPs in the biomedical and dental fields.

关键词： Cerium oxide nanoparticles Synthesis Antibacterial activity biomedical applications Dental applications Rare earths

Meta-analysis of the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)treatment on climacteric fruit ripening

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 53-68页

作者： Jing Zhang Yuanchun Ma Chao Dong Leon A.Terry christopher b.Watkins Zhifang Yu Zong-Ming(Max)Cheng College of Horticulture Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Plant Science Laboratory Cranfield UniversityBedfordshireUK School of Integrative of Plant Science College of Agriculture and Plant SciencesCornell UniversityIthacaNYUSA College of Food Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjingChina Department of Plant Sciences University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology Forestry and Fruit Tree Research InstituteShanghai Academy of Agricultural SciencesShanghaiChina

1-Methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)is an inhibitor of ethylene perception that is widely used to maintain the quality of several climacteric fruits during storage.A large body of literature now exists on the effects of 1-MCP on climacteric fruit ripening for different species and environmental conditions,presenting an opportunity to use meta-analysis to systematically dissect these *** classified 44 ripening indicators of climacteric fruits into five categories:physiology and biochemistry,quality,enzyme activity,color,and ***-analysis showed that 1-MCP treatment reduced 20 of the 44 indicators by a minimum of 22%and increased 6 indicators by at least 20%.These effects were associated with positive effects on delaying ripening and maintaining *** the seven moderating variables,species,1-MCP concentration,storage temperature and time had substantial impacts on the responses of fruit to 1-MCP *** from different species varied in their responses to 1-MCP,with the most pronounced responses observed in rosaceous fruits,especially apple,European pear fruits,and tropical *** effect of gaseous 1-MCP was optimal at 1μl/l,with a treatment time of 12–24 h,when the storage temperature was 0℃for temperate fruits or 20℃for tropical fruits,and when the shelf temperature was 20℃,reflecting the majority of experimental *** findings will help improve the efficacy of 1-MCP application during the storage of climacteric fruits,reduce fruit quality losses and increase commercial value.

关键词： treatment analysis maintain

Gold Nanozymes:From Concept to biomedical Applications

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Nano-Micro Letters 2021年第1期13卷 138-173页

作者： Javier Lou‑Franco bhaskar Das christopher Elliott Cuong Cao Institute for Global Food Security School of Biological SciencesQueen’s University of Belfast19 Chlorine GardensBelfast BT95DLUK Present Address:Department of biotechnology and Medical Engineering National Institute of Technology RourkelaRourkelaIndia

In recent years,gold nanoparticles have demonstrated excellent enzyme-mimicking activities which resemble those of peroxidase,oxidase,catalase,superoxide dismutase or ***,merged with their ease of synthesis,tunability,biocompatibility and low cost,makes them excellent candidates when compared with biological enzymes for applications in biomedicine or biochemical ***,over 200 research papers have been systematically reviewed to present the recent progress on the fundamentals of gold nanozymes and their potential *** review reveals that the morphology and surface chemistry of the nanoparticles play an important role in their catalytic properties,as well as external parameters such as pH or ***,real applications often require specific biorecognition elements to be immobilized onto the nanozymes,leading to unexpected positive or negative effects on their ***,rational design of efficient nanozymes remains a challenge of paramount *** implementation paths have already been explored,including the application of peroxidase-like nanozymes for the development of clinical diagnostics or the regulation of oxidative stress within cells via their catalase and superoxide dismutase *** review also indicates that it is essential to understand how external parameters may boost or inhibit each of these activities,as more than one of them could ***,further toxicity studies are required to ensure the applicability of gold nanozymes in *** challenges and future prospects of gold nanozymes are discussed in this review,whose significance can be anticipated in a diverse range of fields beyond biomedicine,such as food safety,environmental analyses or the chemical industry.

关键词： Gold nanoparticles Catalysis Nanozymes Diagnosis Nanomedicine

Geochemistry of volcanic glass from Mahanadi offshore region,eastern continental margin of India:Constraints on the contribution of latest Toba super-eruption

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第2期43卷 111-119页

作者： Muralidhar Kocherla Durbar Ray Manavalan Satyanarayanan Hilda Joao Virsen Gaikwad Pb Ramamurty CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula 403004GoaIndia CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute Uppal RoadHyderabad 500007India

The tephra layers in multiple sediment cores from the offshore region of the Mahanadi basin in the northern bay of bengal were investigated for possible volcanic sources. The glass shards from those tephra layers were studied for size distribution, texture, and elemental geochemistry to establish chronostratigraphic markers for regional and global Quaternary correlation. The textural features of fine-grained(silty) volcanic glasses suggest the distal source of these tephra deposits. Major element composition with elevated SiO_(2) contents ranging between75%–76% and dominance of K_(2)O(> 4.5%) over CaO(ba volcano. The bulk trace element compositions of the same glass shards were comparable with those reported in the youngest Toba tephra reported elsewhere. Likewise, the LREE-dominated chondrite normalized REE profiles of tephra from the Mahanadi basin closely resemble the characteristic REE patterns in Toba ash from other parts of the Indian Ocean and thus confirmed the contribution of the youngest Toba super-eruption for this ash layers.

关键词： Mahanadi basin bay of bengal volcanic glass glass morphology glass-chemistry

Surgical decompression in acute spinal cord injury： A review of clinical evidence, animal model studies, and potential future directions of investigation

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Frontiers in biology 2014年第2期9卷 127-136页

作者： Yiping LI Chandler L. WALKER Yi Ping ZHANG christopher b. SHIELDS Xiao-Ming XU Spinal Cord and brain Injury Research Group Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Department of Neurological Surgery and Goodmanand Campbell Brain and Spine Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis IN 46202 USA Norton Neuroscience Institute Norton Healthcare Louisville KY 40202 USA

The goal for treatment in acute spinal cord injury （SCI） is to reduce the extent of secondary damage and facilitate neurologic regeneration and functional recovery. Although multiple studies have investigated potential new therapies for the treatment of acute SCI, outcomes and management protocols aimed at ameliorating neurologic injury in patients remain ineffective. More recent clinical and basic science research have shown surgical interventions to be a potentially valuable modality for treatment; however, the role and timing of surgical decompression, in addition to the optimal surgical intervention, remain one of the most controversial topics pertaining to surgical treatment of acute SCI. As an increasing number of potential treatment modalities emerge, animal models are pivotal for investigating its clinical application and translation into human trials. This review critically appraises the available literature for both clinical and basic science studies to highlight the extent of investigation that has occurred, specific therapies considered, and potential areas for future research.

关键词： acute spinal cord injury surgical decompression durotomy animal models

Practical Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: The Fundamentals, Fifth Edition 5

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