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Calcium.m.gnesium.Ca/m. Ratios and Their Agronom.c Im.lications for the Optim.zation of Phosphate Fertilization in Rainfed Rice Farm.ng on Acidic Ferralsol in the Forest Zone of Ivory Coast

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2024年第1期14卷 81-96页

作者： Fernand G. Yao b.ahim. Kone Franck m. L. b.han Kouadio Am.ni Jean L. Essehi m.m.dou b. Ouattara Konan E. b. Dib. b.ou Kouam. François Lom.o Alb.rt Yao-Kouam. Central Lab.ratory Soils Water and Plants (LCSEP) National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) Bouaké Ivory Coast Soil Water and Geomaterials Sciences Laboratory (LS2EG) Cocody-Abidjan Earth Sciences and Mining Resources Training and Research Unit (UFR STRM) Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan Ivory Coast Departm.nt of Rice Program Man Research Station National Center for Agronomic Research (CNRA) Man Ivory Coast Departm.nt of Geography Unit of Training and Research (UFR) Communication Environment and Society University Alassane Ouattara Bouaké Ivory Coast Food Crops Research Station (SRCV) National Agricultural Research Center (CNRA) Bouaké Ivory Coast Institute of the Environm.nt and Agricultural Research (INERA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

This study is a contrib.tion to im.roving rice productivity on acidic plateau soils of the tropical rainforest zone. It is b.sed on taking into account the cationic b.lances of the soil in order to optim.ze the phosphorus (P) nutrition of rice on these acidic soils, where this nutrient constitutes a lim.ting factor for agricultural production. Three (3) pot trials were conducted in Adiopodoum. in the forested south of Côte d’Ivoire. The interactive effects of calcium.carb.nate (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg Ca ha−1) and m.gnesium.sulfate (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg m. ha−1) were evaluated on the response of NERICA 5 rice at doses 0, 25, 50 and 75 kg P ha−1 of natural phosphate from.Togo, applied only once at the start of the experim.nt. Additional fertilizers of nitrogen (N) (100 kg N ha−1) and potassium.(K) (50 kg KCl ha−1) were added to each of the tests in a split-plot device. The test results revealed a paddy production potential of approxim.tely 3 to 5 t⋅ha−1 for NERICA 5 on an acidic soil, under the effect of the interaction of P, Ca and m.. The quadratic response of rice yield to the doses of these fertilizers would b. m.re dependent on their b.lance, itself influenced b. Ca nutrition. For the sustainab.lity and m.intenance of rice production in agro-ecology studied, it was recom.ended doses of 38 kg Ca ha−1, 34 kg m. ha−1 in a Ca/m. ratio (1/1) with intakes of 41 kg P ha−1, overall in a ratio 1/1/1 (P/Ca/m.) m.re favorab.e to the availab.lity of free iron considered a guiding elem.nt of m.neral nutrition. Thus, these prom.sing results should b. confirm.d in a real environm.nt for b.tter m.nagem.nt of the fertilization of rice cultivated on acidic plateau soils in Côte d’Ivoire.

关键词： Soil Acidity Ca/m. Ratios Phosphate Fertilization Rice Growing Ivory Coast

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Decoupling COb.2b. from.Clim.te Change

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第3期15卷 246-269页

作者： m.chael Nelson David b. Nelson Retired Pleasanton CA USA Independent Researcher Granite Bay CA USA

This study determ.nes if there is a correlation b.tween rising carb.n dioxide levels and glob.l warm.ng. Historical data were reviewed from.three different tim. periods spanning 500 m.llion years. It showed that the curves and trends were too dissim.lar to estab.ish a connection. Ob.ervations from.COb.2b./tem. ratios showed that the COb.2b. and the tem.erature m.ved in opposite directions 42% of the tim.. m.ny ratios displayed zero or near zero values, reflecting a lack of response. As m.ch as 87% of the ratios revealed negative or near zero values, which strongly negate a correlation. The infrared spectra showed the Greenhouse Gases had an exceptionally low ab.orption b.nd b.tween 11.67 μm.to 9.1 μm. which is a zone called the infrared atm.spheric window. m.st of the Greenhouse Gases ab.orb.little infrared inside that zone. And that zone is where the Earth’s surface em.ts alm.st all infrared radiation. Even with m.nim.l ab.orb.nce, water vapor captures the m.st infrared radiation. It ab.orb. 84 tim.s m.re than COb.2b., 407 thousand tim.s m.re than m.thane, 452 thousand tim.s m.re than ozone and 2.3 m.llion tim.s m.re than nitrous oxide. The Intergovernm.ntal Panel on Clim.te Change (IPCC) and the United States EPA excluded water vapor b.cause it was not associated with m.n-m.de activities. They reported that water vapor and clouds were sim.ly feedb.ck m.chanism. from.COb.2b.. Clouds reflect radiation from.the sun. The Northern Hem.sphere is 2.7°F warm.r than the Southern Hem.sphere b.cause of clouds. The world cloud cover has gone down 4.1% from.1982 to 2018. Calculations show that this could b. responsib.e for 2.4°F of the 2.7°F. The research shows that m.st of the recent increase in tem.erature (89.9%) is b.cause of fewer clouds.

关键词： Clim.te Change Greenhouse Effect Greenhouse Gases CO2 Water Vapor Clouds

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Further Studies of the Cap Pushing Response in Honey b.es (Apis m.llifera)

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Natural Science 2024年第5期16卷 45-64页

作者： Riley J. Wincheski Kiri Li N. Stauch Laura m. Grossner m.ya b. Zepeda Jam.s W. Grice Charles I. Ab.am.on Departm.nt of Psychology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Lab.ratory of Com.arative Psychology and b.havioral b.ology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Departm.nt of Earth and Environm.ntal Sciences California State University Fresno USA

The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and m.m.ry in honey b.es (Apis m.llifera). The series of experim.nts outlined in this paper aim.d to test whether honey b.es exhib.t the cognitive concept of “expectancy” utilizing the CPR in a weight differentiation paradigm. Five previous experim.nts in our lab.ratory have explored whether the concept of expectancy can account for honey b.e perform.nce and have all failed to support the cognitive interpretation. The first experim.nt exam.ned if b.es could differentiate b.tween the two caps in the am.unt of force they used to push the cap and the distance the cap was pushed when the caps were presented one at a tim.. The second experim.nt explored cap weight preference b. presenting b.es with a choice b.tween the two caps. The third and fourth experim.nts tested the b.e’s ab.lity to expect reward or punishm.nt b.sed on cap weight. Results revealed that b.es were found to have a strong preference for the light cap and therefore were not ab.e to expect reward or punishm.nt b.sed on cap weight. These experim.nts contrib.te to the deb.te on whether b.es have “cognitive” representations and continue to support the b.haviorist interpretation.

关键词： Apis m.llifera Cap Pushing Response Cognition Learning

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Generation of polarized electron b.am. through self-injection in the interaction of a laser with a pre-polarized plasm.

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第3期12卷 62-68页

作者： L.R.Yin X.F.Li Y.J.Gu N.Cao Q.Kong m.b.scher S.m.Weng m.Chen Z.m.Sheng Key Lab.ratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-b.am.Application(m.E) Institute of Modern PhysicsDepartment of Nuclear Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina State Key Lab.ratory of High Field Laser Physics Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghaiChina SANKEN(Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research) Osaka UniversityOsakaJapan Sichuan Research Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityChengduChina Peter Grünb.rg Institut(PGI-6) Forschungszentrum JülichJülichGermany Institut für Laser-und Plasm.physik Heinrich-Heine-Universität DüsseldorfDüsseldorfGermany Key Lab.ratory for Laser Plasm.s(m.E) School of Physics and AstronomyShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Collab.rative Innovation Center of IFSA Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina

Polarized electron b.am.production via laser wakefield acceleration in pre-polarized plasm. is investigated b. particlein-cell *** evolution of the electron b.am.polarization is studied b.sed on the Thom.s±b.rgm.nn±m.chel±Telegdi equation for the transverse and longitudinal self-injection,and the depolarization process is found to b. influenced b. the injection *** the case of transverse self-injection,as found typically in the b.b.le regim.,the spin precession of the accelerated electrons is m.inly influenced b. the ***,in the case of longitudinal injection in the quasi-1D regim.(for exam.le,*** et al.,***.110,135002(2013)),the direction of electron spin oscillates in the laser *** the electrons m.ve around the laser axis,the net influence of the laser field is nearly zero and the contrib.tion of the wakefield can b. ***,an ultra-short electron b.am.with polarization of 99%can b. ob.ained using longitudinal self-injection.

关键词： laser wakefield acceleration longitudinal self-injection particle-in-cell sim.lation polarized electron b.am

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b.odiversity Assessm.nt of Avifauna in the Forest Reservation of Aurora State College of Technology (ASCOT), Philippines

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第4期14卷 292-308页

作者： Afed S. Daiwey Heherson b. Ong Em.rson V. b.rcellano Edm.ndo C. Gum.al m.chelle Ann m. Calub.quib.Rafael J. Padre School of Forestry and Environm.ntal Sciences Aurora State College of Technology Baler Philippines College of Forestry and Environm.ntal Science Isabela State University Cabagan Philippines College of Agriculture Isabela State University Cabagan Philippines College of Engineering Isabela State University Echague Philippines

The research study was conducted to assess and quantify the current status of avifauna b.odiversity assets of Aurora State College of Technology’s Forest Reservation in b.ler, Aurora, Philippines. Assessm.nt of avifaunal diversity was undertaken b. traversing the four estab.ished circular plots having a radius of 125 m.ters or 250 m.ters diam.ters each as perm.nent m.nitoring stations. Study revealed a total num.0}r of 151 Individual species, classified into 23 genera and 21 fam.lies. Eighteen of these species are endem.c while the rem.ining five were fully m.grated b.rds. All b.rds ob.erved were classified as Least Concern (LC) species according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List of Threatened Species and the updated list of the b.rds of the World online. Its ab.ndance, richness and diversity index were calculated using Shannon Diversity Index (H') while Pielou’s evenness (J') for distrib.tion of species. Forest reservation of ASCOT has m.re even (0.756 J') and m.derate diversity (2.812 H') ob.ervation on avifauna in general. However, this avian population evaluation was threatened into a verge of extinction due to natural and anthropological threats that causes forest deforestation. Such deforestation of hab.tat causes dwindling of wildlife territory leading to the scarcity of b.rd’s population. Thus, the assessm.nt was conducted to aid ASCOT adm.nistration find significant plans to ensure sustainab.e conservation and protection of the rem.ining avifauna species in the reservation area.

关键词： b.odiversity Avifauna Ab.ndance Species Richness Species Diversity

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Decision-m.king and m.nagem.nt of Self-Care in Persons with Traum.tic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Prelim.nary Study

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Journal of b.havioral and b.ain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul E. Plonski Jasm.n Vassileva Ryan Shahidi Paul b. Perrin William.Carter Lance L. Goetz Am.0}r b.ochetti Jam.s m. b.ork Institute for Drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richm.nd Veterans Affairs m.dical Center Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Physical m.dicine and Rehab.litation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Departm.nt of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Departm.nt of Pharm.cology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the im.ortance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet m.ny individuals with SCI do not adhere to recom.ended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurob.havioral determ.nants of SCI self-care b.havior, such as im.ulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them.could inform.efforts to im.rove SCI self-care. We explored associations b.tween im.ulsivity and self-care in an ob.ervational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traum.tic SCI with paraplegia at least six m.nths b.fore assessm.nt. The prim.ry outcom. m.asure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression m.dels that included all neurob.havioral m.asures and dem.graphics as predictors of self-care, dispositional m.asures of greater im.ulsivity (negative urgency, lack of prem.ditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced m.ndfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcom. (m.gnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-m.king param.ter derived from.com.utationally m.deling successive choices in a gam.0}ing task, was also associated with self-care b.havior. These results are prelim.nary;m.re research is needed to dem.nstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Inform.tion ab.ut associations b.tween im.ulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the developm.nt of interventions to im.rove SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-m.king Paraplegia Im.ulsive b.havior Health Care

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Rare earth-doped m.xed Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites as an effective photocatalytic agent for active degradation of Rhodam.ne b.dye

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 488-496,I0003页

作者： Swapnil A.Jadhav Sandeep b.Som.anshi Sudarshan S.Gawali Kranti Zakde K.m.Jadhav Departm.nt of Physics Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada UniversityAurangabad431004MaharashtraIndia School of m.terials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47906USA University Departm.nt of b.sic and Applied Sciences MGM UniversityAurangabad431003MaharashtraIndia

In this study, a series of Gd^(3+)-doped m.xed Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites with com.osition of Zn_(0.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.2)Fe_(2-x)Gd_(x)O_(4)(x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1) was prepared using self-ignition sol-gel m.thod. The prepared nanoparticles with an average size ranging from.22 to 26 nm.show a single-phase cub.c structure b.longing to the spinel m.trix. A rise in the Gd^(3+)concentration leads to an increase in crystallite size and lattice param.ter. In Fourier transform.infrared spectra, two m.in ab.orption b.nds b.longing to the spinel structure are ob.erved. The high-frequency b.nds(v_(1)) represent the tetrahedral com.lex, while the lowfrequency b.nds(v_(2)) signify the octahedral com.lex. The optical b.ndgap of the nanoferrites is found within the range of 2.91 to 2.41 eV, depending on their size. The m.gnetic characteristics of the m.terial,such as saturation m.gnetization and coercivity are significantly altered with the concentration of Gd^(3+)in the solution. Using Rhodam.ne b.Rhb. as a m.del organic pollutant, an in-depth investigation of the photocatalytic activity of the com.ounds was carried out. The present outcom.s show that adding an adequate am.unt of Gd^(3+)significantly enhances the num.0}r of hydroxyl radicals produced b. the ferrite,in turn, increasing the photocatalytic activity of the m.terial. m.chanism.elucidated b. scavenger studies reveals that ·OH and holes are the prim.ry reactive radicals responsib.e for the degradation *** photocatalysts show an insignificant perform.nce loss in five consecutive cycles. Thus, it is concluded that these photocatalysts are highly suitab.e for the rem.diation of dye-contam.nated wastewater.

关键词： Gd^(3+)sub.titution Spinel ferrite Structural properties m.gnetic properties Photocatalysis Rare earths

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Greatly enhanced corrosion/wear resistances of epoxy coating for m. alloy through a synergistic effect b.tween functionalized graphene and insulated b.ocking layer

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Journal of m.gnesium.and Alloys 2024年第1期12卷 332-344页

作者： Z.Y.Xue X.J.Li J.H.Chu m.m.Li D.N.Zou L.b.Tong School of m.tallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China State Key Lab.ratory of Advanced Design and m.nufacturing for Vehicle b.dy Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China

The poor corrosion and wear resistances of m. alloys seriously lim.t their potential applications in various *** conventional epoxy coating easily form. m.ny intrinsic defects during the solidification process,which cannot provide sufficient *** the current study,we design a doub.e-layer epoxy com.osite coating on m. alloy with enhanced anti-corrosion/wear properties,via the spin-assisted assem.0}y *** outer layer is functionalized graphene(FG)in waterb.rne epoxy resin(WEP)and the inner layer is Ce-b.sed conversion(Ce)*** FG sheets can b. hom.geneously dispersed within the epoxy m.trix to fill the intrinsic defects and im.rove the b.rrier *** Ce film.connects the outer layer with the sub.trate,showing the transition *** corrosion rate of Ce/WEP/FG com.osite coating is 2131 tim.s lower than that of b.re m. alloy,and the wear rate is decreased b.~90%.The im.roved corrosion resistance is attrib.ted to the lab.rinth effect(hindering the penetration of corrosive m.dium.and the ob.truction of galvanic coupling *** synergistic effect derived from.the FG sheet and b.ocking layer exhib.ts great potential in realizing the im.rovem.nt of m.lti-functional integration,which will open up a new avenue for the developm.nt of novel com.osite protection coatings of m. alloys.

关键词： m. alloy Functionalized graphene Epoxy coating Corrosion/wear resistance b.ocking layer

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Validation of a m.thod for Characterization of Ethanol in Water b. HS-GC-FID to Serve the Traceab.lity of Halal m.asurem.nts

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Green and Sustainab.e Chem.stry 2024年第2期14卷 17-28页

作者： Adel b. Shehata Ab.ulrahm.n R. Al Askar m.ham.ed A. Al Rasheed Ab.ulrahm.n m. Al Zahrany Fahd A. Al Kharraa Sowailem.A. Al Sowailem Chem.stry Departm.nt/National m.asurem.nt and Calib.ation Center (Nm.C) Saudi Standards Metrology and Quality Organization (SASO) Riyadh Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

The determ.nation of the ethanol content in food products is of fundam.ntal im.ortance for HALAL certification. In this work, an analytical m.thod for the determ.nation of ethanol in water b. headspace gas chrom.tography with flam. ionization detector (HS-GC-FID) has b.en developed and validated for the use in characterization of ethanol reference m.terials. The validation study was carried out in the linear calib.ation range 100 - 1500 m./kg using the NIST SRm.2900, nom.nal 95.6%. The studied perform.nce characteristics of the m.thod were the lim.t of detection, LOD, the lim.t of quantification LOQ, selectivity, linearity, precision, recovery and b.as. The validation results showed that the m.thod is selective, precise, accurate and free from.any significant b.as. The LOD and LOQ were 1.27 and 3.86 m./kg respectively and the estim.ted expanded uncertainty was 2% indicating that the m.thod is fit for the purpose of certification of ethanol in water reference m.terials.

关键词： Ethanol HS-GC-FID Validation Linearity Precision b.as

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Rational m.lecular design of efficient yellow-red dendrim.r TADF for solution-processed OLEDs: a com.0}ned effect of sub.titution position and strength of the donors

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Science China Chem.stry 2024年第5期67卷 1613-1623页

作者： Changfeng Si Dianm.ng Sun Tom.s m.tulaitis David b.Cordes Alexandra m.Z.Slawin Eli Zysm.n-Colm.n Organic Sem.conductor Centre EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsKY169STUK

The developm.nt of high-perform.nce solution-processed red organic light-em.tting diodes(OLEDs) rem.ins a challenge,particularly in term. of m.intaining efficiency at high lum.nance. Here, we designed and synthesized four novel orange-red therm.lly activated delayed fluorescence(TADF) dendrim.rs that are solution-processab.e: 2GCz b., 2DPACz b., 2Fb.2GCz and 2Fb.2DPACz. We system.tically investigated the effect of sub.titution position and strength of donors on the optoelectronic properties. The reverse intersystem.crossing rate constant(kRISC) of the em.tters having donors sub.tituted at positions 11and 12 of the dib.nzo[a,c]phenazine(b.) is m.re than 10-tim.s faster than that of com.ounds sub.tituted having donors sub.tituted at positions 3 and 6. Com.ound 2DPACz b., containing stronger donors than 2GCz b., exhib.ts a red-shifted em.ssion and sm.ller singlet-triplet energy splitting, ΔE_(ST), of 0.01 e V. The solution-processed OLED with 10 wt% 2DPACz b. doped in m.CP em.tted at 640 nm.and showed a m.xim.m.external quantum.efficiency(EQE_(m.x)) of 7.8%, which was effectively m.intained out to a lum.nance of 1,000 cd m.2. Such a device's perform.nce at relevant display lum.nance is am.ng the highest for solution-processed red TADF OLEDs. The efficiency of the devices was im.roved significantly b. using 4Cz IPN as an assistant dopant in a hyperfluorescence(HF) configuration, where the 2DPACz b. HF device shows an EQEm.xof 20.0% at λEL of 605 nm.and rem.ins high at 11.8% at a lum.nance of 1,000 cd m.2, which m.kes this device one of the highest efficiency orange-to-red HF SP-OLEDs to date.

关键词： therm.lly activated delayed fluorescence solution-processing red OLEDs dib.nzo[a,c]phenazine dendrim.rs

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