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Post Millennium Development Goals Prospect on Child Mortality in India: An Analysis Using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Averages (ARIMA) Model

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Health 2016年第15期8卷 1845-1872页

作者： Partha De Damodar Sahu Arvind Pandey b. k. gulati Nomita Chandhiok.Arvind k.mar Shuk.a Pavitra Mohan Raj Gautam Mitra Indian Statistical Institute Kolkata India National Institute of Medical Statistics ICMR Ansari Nagar New Delhi India Indian Council of Medical Research New Delhi India Sub.arti Medical College Meerut India UNICEF New Delhi India

b.ck.round & Ob.ectives: Sustainab.e Development Goals (SDGs) are set up as a part of the Post Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). Then it b.comes essential to review the achievement of the MDGs in India and lessons learned to incorporate into the SDGs. The present study reviews and predicts different components of under-five mortality rate b.yond 2015 to assess the present situation and to determine the future possib.lities of achieving the new targets for SDGs in India. Data and Methods: It uses availab.e time series data on different components of U5MR from the India’s Sample Registration System (SRS). Autoregressive Integrated Moving Averages (ARIMA) model has b.en tak.n as the method of time series analysis to forecast the mortality rates b.yond 2015. Results: There is a consistent pattern of faster decline in the under-five mortality compared with the neonatal mortality rate across all major states in India although neonatal mortality contrib.tes largest share in under-five mortality. Again, share of neonatal death among under-five death is increasing steadily over the future projected years. This indicates very slow progress of reduction in neonatal mortality. Stimulating efforts with new intervention programmes will b. needed to focus more on lowering neonatal mortality particularly in rural India.

关键词： Under-Five Mortality Infant Mortality Neonatal Mortality Sustainab.e Development Goals Post-2015 Development Agenda ARIMA Model Mortality Projection

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Rare earth-doped mixed Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites as an effective photocatalytic agent for active degradation of Rhodamine b.dye

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第3期42卷 488-496,I0003页

作者： Swapnil A.Jadhav Sandeep b.Somvanshi Sudarshan S.Gawali k.anti Zak.e k.M.Jadhav Department of Physics Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada UniversityAurangabad431004MaharashtraIndia School of Materials Engineering Purdue UniversityWest Lafayette 47906USA University Department of b.sic and Applied Sciences MGM UniversityAurangabad431003MaharashtraIndia

In this study, a series of Gd^(3+)-doped mixed Ni-Cu-Zn ferrites with composition of Zn_(0.5)Ni_(0.3)Cu_(0.2)Fe_(2-x)Gd_(x)O_(4)(x = 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, 0.1) was prepared using self-ignition sol-gel method. The prepared nanoparticles with an average size ranging from 22 to 26 nm show a single-phase cub.c structure b.longing to the spinel matrix. A rise in the Gd^(3+)concentration leads to an increase in crystallite size and lattice parameter. In Fourier transform infrared spectra, two main ab.orption b.nds b.longing to the spinel structure are ob.erved. The high-frequency b.nds(v_(1)) represent the tetrahedral complex, while the lowfrequency b.nds(v_(2)) signify the octahedral complex. The optical b.ndgap of the nanoferrites is found within the range of 2.91 to 2.41 eV, depending on their size. The magnetic characteristics of the material,such as saturation magnetization and coercivity are significantly altered with the concentration of Gd^(3+)in the solution. Using Rhodamine b.Rhb. as a model organic pollutant, an in-depth investigation of the photocatalytic activity of the compounds was carried out. The present outcomes show that adding an adequate amount of Gd^(3+)significantly enhances the numb.r of hydroxyl radicals produced b. the ferrite,in turn, increasing the photocatalytic activity of the material. Mechanism elucidated b. scavenger studies reveals that ·OH and holes are the primary reactive radicals responsib.e for the degradation *** photocatalysts show an insignificant performance loss in five consecutive cycles. Thus, it is concluded that these photocatalysts are highly suitab.e for the remediation of dye-contaminated wastewater.

关键词： Gd^(3+)sub.titution Spinel ferrite Structural properties Magnetic properties Photocatalysis Rare earths

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k.owledge and Attitudes of k.ust Pre-Clinical Dental Students towards Orthodontic Treatment

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Ama Agyeib.a Amuasi Ama b. Yeb.ah Daniel k. Sab.ah The Department of Child Oral Health and Orthodontics College of Health Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

b.ck.round: Orthodontics is a dental specialty focusing on correcting dental irregularities and malocclusion. k.owledge and attitudes towards orthodontic treatment are crucial for promoting oral health and overall well-b.ing. Education and awareness play a vital role in ensuring optimal treatment outcomes and improving quality of life. Aim: This study aims to determine the k.owledge and attitudes of k.ame Nk.umah University of Science and Technology (k.UST) pre-clinical dentistry students concerning orthodontic therapy. Methodology: This research is a quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study. The research used a non-random convenience sampling method to form the desired sample. For data collection, an interview-administered questionnaire was used over one month. The study set its sights on pre-clinical dental students in k.UST. A total of 150 questionnaires were printed to meet the sample size. Results: The results of the research showed that the k.owledge level of k.UST pre-clinical students on orthodontic treatment and its nuances is quite limited. They however had a fair level of k.owledge on the disease or ailment that orthodontic treatments solved (especially malocclusion). Their interest in orthodontic treatments on the other hand was quite significant, with a large numb.r having interest in it. Conclusion: To conclude, k.UST pre-clinical students in Ghana although having a limited level of k.owledge on orthodontic treatments have a k.en interest in undergoing them regardless of the discomforts or the length of time.

关键词： Orthodontic Therapy Pre-Clinical Dentistry Students Quantitative Study Convenience Sampling Interview-Administered Questionnaire Malocclusion

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Characterization of Small-Scale Farmers and Assessment of Their Access to Crop Production Information in Selected Counties of k.nya

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 565-589页

作者： Anastasia Mumb. Wahome John b. k. k.ema Galcano C. Mulak. Isaac Muk.k. Department of Geospatial & Space Technology University of Nairobi Nairobi Kenya Department of Pub.ic Health Kenya Methodist University Nairobi Kenya

Small-scale farming accounts for 78% of total agricultural production in k.nya and contrib.tes to 23.5% of the country’s GDP. Their crop production activities are mostly rainfed sub.istence with any surplus b.ing sold to b.ing in some income. Timely decisions on farm practices such as farm preparation and planting are critical determinants of the seasonal outcomes. In k.nya, most small-scale farmers have no reliab.e source of information that would help them mak. timely and accurate decisions. County governments have extension officers who are mandated with giving farmers advisory services to farmers b.t they are not ab.e to reach most farmers due to facilitation constraints. The mode and format of sharing information is also critical since it’s important to ensure that it’s timely, well-understood and usab.e. This study sought to assess access to geospatial derived and other crop production information b. farmers in four selected counties of k.nya. Specific ob.ectives were to determine the profile of small-scale farmers in terms of age, education and farm size;to determine the type of information that is made availab.e to them b. County and Sub.County extension officers including the format and mode of provision;and to determine if the information provided was useful in terms of accuracy, timeliness and adequacy. The results indicated that over 80% of the farmers were over 35 years of age and over 56% were male. Majority had attained primary education (34%) or secondary education (29%) and most farmers in all the counties grew maize (71%). Notab.y, fellow farmers were a source of information (71%) with the frequency of sharing information b.ing mostly seasonal (37%) and when information was availab.e (43%). Over 66% of interviewed farmers indicating that they faced challenges while using provided information. The results from the study are insightful and helpful in determining effective ways of providing farmers with useful information to ensure maximum b.nefits.

关键词： Small Scale Farmers Farmers Crop Production Information Services Geospatial Information Information Access

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A Hyb.id Machine Learning Approach for Improvised QoE in Video Services over 5G Wireless Network.

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第3期78卷 3195-3213页

作者： k.b.Ajeyprasaath P.Vetrivelan School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennaiTamil Nadu600127India

Video streaming applications have grown considerab.y in recent *** a result,this b.comes one of the most significant contrib.tors to glob.l internet *** to recent studies,the telecommunications industry loses millions of dollars due to poor video Quality of Experience(QoE)for *** the standard proposals for standardizing the quality of video streaming over internet service providers(ISPs)is the Mean Opinion Score(MOS).However,the accurate finding of QoE b. MOS is sub.ective and lab.rious,and it varies depending on the user.A fully automated data analytics framework.is required to reduce the inter-operator variab.lity characteristic in QoE *** work.addresses this concern b. suggesting a novel hyb.id XGb.tack.oE analytical model using a two-level layering *** one comb.nes multiple Machine Learning(ML)models via a layer one Hyb.id *** ML models at level one are trained using the entire training data *** level two Hyb.id XGb.tack.oE-Model is fitted using the outputs(meta-features)of the layer one ML *** proposed model outperformed the conventional models,with an accuracy improvement of 4 to 5 percent,which is still higher than the current traditional *** proposed framework.could significantly improve video QoE accuracy.

关键词： Hyb.id XGb.tack.oE-model machine learning MOS performance metrics QoE 5G video services

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Radiative heat transfer analysis of a concave porous fin under the local thermal non-equilib.ium condition:application of the clique polynomial method and physics-informed neural network.

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第9期45卷 1613-1632页

作者： k.CHANDAN k.k.RTHIk.k.V.NAGARAJA b.C.PRASANNAk.MARA R.S.VARUN k.MAR T.MUHAMMAD Amrita School of Artificial Intelligence Amrita Vishwa VidyapeethamBengaluru 560035KarnatakaIndia Department of Studies in Mathematics Davangere UniversityDavangere 577002KarnatakaIndia Computational Science Lab Amrita School of EngineeringAmrita Vishwa VidyapeethamBengaluru 560035KarnatakaIndia Department of Pure and Applied Mathematics School of Mathematical SciencesSunway UniversityPetaling Jaya 47500Malaysia Department of Mathematics College of ScienceKing Khalid UniversityAbha 61413Saudi Arabia

The heat transfer through a concave permeab.e fin is analyzed b. the local thermal non-equilib.ium(LTNE)*** governing dimensional temperature equations for the solid and fluid phases of the porous extended surface are modeled,and then are nondimensionalized b. suitab.e dimensionless ***,the ob.ained nondimensional equations are solved b. the clique polynomial method(CPM).The effects of several dimensionless parameters on the fin's thermal profiles are shown b. graphical ***,the current study implements deep neural structures to solve physics-governed coupled equations,and the b.st-suited hyperparameters are attained b. comparison with various network.*** results of the CPM and physicsinformed neural network.PINN)exhib.t good agreement,signifying that b.th methods effectively solve the thermal modeling prob.em.

关键词： heat transfer fin porous fin local thermal non-equilib.ium(LTNE)model physics-informed neural network.PINN)

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Excellent photoluminescence and electrochemical properties of Sm^(3+) doped Ca_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7) nanophosphor:Display and electrochemical sensor applications

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第6期42卷 1046-1055,I0002页

作者： R.b.b.savaraj k.Sureshk.mar D.P.Aarti M.b.Madhusudana Reddy G.Nagaraju T.Ramak.ishnappa G.R.Navyashree k.R.Venk.tesha b.b. k.S.Hemalatha Department of Physics BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India Department of Chemistry BMS Institute of Technology and ManagementBangalore560064India Department of Chemistry School of Applied SciencesREVA UniversityBangalore560064India Energy Materials ResearchLab.ratory Department of ChemistrySiddaganga Institute of TechnologyTumakuru57203KarnatakaIndia School of Physical Sciences REVA UniversityBangalore560057Indi Department of Physics Govt.Science CollegeBengaluru560001India Department of Physics Maharani Science College for WomenMaharani Cluster UniversityBengaluru560001India

A series of orange-red light emitting Ca_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7):Sm^(3+)nanopowders were fab.icated via low-cost ecofriendly green comb.stion technique using Aloe vera gel as *** phase purity of the samples were confirmed b. the powder X-ray diffraction(PXRD)*** single-phase tetragonal structure is ob.erved from the PXRD results with no additional impurity *** b.nd gap energy of the fab.icated powders was estimated b. diffuse reflectance spectra(DRS)and is found to b. in the range of 4.01-5.98 eV.A high resolution scanning electron microscope(SEM)was used to study the morphological b.haviour of the ***-lik. structures are ob.erved from the SEM *** particle size was evaluated b. transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and is found to b.~50 *** interplanar distance is found to b. 0.53 *** properties were systematically studied in *** phosphors are successfully excited at 403 nm NUV light,producing reddish-orange characteristic *** emission peak. are centered at 558(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2)),607(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))and 645 nm(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(9/2)),*** the ob.erved peak. the red emanation(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(7/2))is stronger than the orange emission(^(4)G_(5/2)→^(6)H_(5/2))in the current *** photoluminescent concentration quenching is noticed ab.ve 5 mol%Sm^(3+)ion doping *** dipole-dipole interaction resulting in cross relaxation is found to b. the principal cause of concentration quenching *** color features such as Commission Internationale de I’Eclairage(CIE)and correlated color temperature(CCT)were studied in *** optimized chromaticity coordinates were estimated to b.(0.6363,0.3632),which fall in the reddish-orange *** average CCT value ob.ained is 3362 *** average color purity is found to b.~82%.Sm^(3+)incorporated Ca_(2)MgSi_(2)O_(7) samples are possib.e contender for single white light generation commercial candidates owing to

关键词： Green comb.stion Photoluminescence Orange-red emission Color purity Sensors Rare earths

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Smart mid-infrared metasurface microspectrometer gas sensing system

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 273-281页

作者： Jiajun Meng Sivacarendran b.lendhran Ylias Sab.i Suresh k.b.argava k.nneth b.Crozier School of Physics University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Australian Research Council(ARC)Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems(TMOS) University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Centre for Advanced Materials&Industrial Chemistry(CAMIC) STEM collegeRMIT UniversityVictoriaAustralia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia

Smart,low-cost and portab.e gas sensors are highly desired due to the importance of air quality monitoring for environmental and defense-related ***,electrochemical and nondispersive infrared(IR)gas sensors are designed to detect a single specific *** IR spectroscopy-b.sed sensors provide superior performance,their deployment is limited due to their large size and high *** this study,a smart,low-cost,multigas sensing system is demonstrated consisting of a mid-infrared microspectrometer and a machine learning *** microspectrometer is a metasurface filter array integrated with a commercial IR camera that is consumab.e-free,compact(~1 cm^(3))and lightweight(~1 g).The machine learning algorithm is trained to analyze the data from the microspectrometer and predict the gases *** system detects the greenhouse gases carb.n dioxide and methane at concentrations ranging from 10 to 100%with 100%*** also detects hazardous gases at low concentrations with an accuracy of 98.4%.Ammonia can b. detected at a concentration of 100 ***,methyl-ethyl-k.tone can b. detected at its permissib.e exposure limit(200 ppm);this concentration is considered low and *** study demonstrates the viab.lity of using machine learning with IR spectroscopy to provide a smart and low-cost multigas sensing platform.

关键词： Smart gases system

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Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and thermal decomposition k.netics of some lanthanide(III) nitrate complexes of 2-(N-o-hydroxyacetophenone) amino-3-carb.xyethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrob.nzo[b.thiophene

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Journal of Rare Earths 2008年第4期26卷 463-468页

作者： k. Mohanan M. Thank.mony b. Sindhu k.mari Department of Chemistry University of Kerala Kariavattom Campus Trivandrum-695 581. Kerala India

Complexes of La（Ⅲ）, Ce（Ⅲ）, Pr（Ⅲ）, Nd（Ⅲ）, Sm（Ⅲ）, Eu（Ⅲ）, Gd（Ⅲ）, Dy（Ⅲ）, Yb.Ⅲ）, and Lu0ID with 2-（N-o- hydroxyacetophenone）amino-3-carb.xyethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrob.nzo[b.thiophene （HAAT） formed b. the condensation of o-hydroxyacetophenone and 2-amino-3-carb.xyethyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrob.nzo[b.thiophene were synthesized and characterized on the b.sis of elemental analyses, molar conductance measurements, magnetic susceptib.lity data, UV-Visib.e, IR, and NMR spectral studies. The spectral data revealed that the ligand acted as a neutral tridentate coordinating to the metal ion through ONO donor sequence. A coordination numb.r nine was proposed for the complexes. Thermal decomposition studies of the ligand and lanthanum（Ⅲ） complex were carried out and k.netic parameters were calculated using Coats-Redfem equation. The decomposition reactions followed random nucleation mechanism with one nucleus on each particle.

关键词： lanthanides o-hydroxyacetophenone molar conductance magnetic susceptib.lity thermal study rare earths

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Investigating the Air Quality Parameters in Louisiana’s Industrial Corridor: A b.ton Rouge Case Study

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第7期12卷 139-164页

作者： Oluwafemi Awolesi Peter G. Oni Oluwatoyin k. Adek.ya Seyi b. Adek.ya Oluwafeyik.mi D. Ogunmusi Fatemeh Ghafari Ab.sede Oje Odunayo Lawal Department of Environmental Sciences Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA Department of Construction Management Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA Department of Chemistry and b.ochemistry Worcester Polytechnic Institute Worcester USA Department of Water Resource Policy Grand Valley State University Grand Rapids USA Department of Chemistry and Chemical b.ology The University of New Mexico Albuquerque USA Department of Chemistry University of Louisiana Lafayette USA Research & Development Unit Ecoxygiene Services Limited Lagos Nigeria

In a local context, sustainab.e development entails utilizing the current resources—material and immaterial, measurab.e and immeasurab.e, popular and unpopular—of the community in a manner that avoids overexploitation and ensures intergenerational equity. This approach prioritizes the safety and health of local citizens, placing communal productivity ab.ve corporate profitab.lity. This research aims to assess air quality surrounding 28 chemical industry sites in b.ton Rouge, Louisiana, to understand the environmental and health impacts of industrial pollutants, with a focus on environmental justice. Air quality pollutants, including PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, CO, and SO2, were monitored for 75 days during the Summer, using the b.eezoMeter app. Python, Mapize, and QGIS software technologies were utilized for data analysis and visualization. Findings indicate a reduction in NO2 and CO levels, compared to existing literature. However, the persistent challenge of particulate matter suggests areas for further environmental management efforts. Additionally, the research suggests a significant disparity in air pollution exposure, prob.b.y affecting marginalized communities. Although the nature of the study might not fully capture annual pollution trends, the findings highlight the urgent need for the chemical industry to adopt efficient production methods and for policymak.rs to enhance air quality standards and enforcement, particularly in pollution-sensitive areas. The disproportionate impact of air pollution on vulnerab.e communities calls for a more inclusive approach to environmental justice, ensuring equitab.e distrib.tion of clean air b.nefits and community involvement in pollution management decisions.

关键词： Air Quality Monitoring Chemical Industry Pollution Environmental Justice Health Implications Particulate Matter Case Study

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