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Pelleting and particle size reduction of corn increase net energy and digestib.lity of fib.r,protein,and fat in corn-soyb.an meal diets fed to group-housed pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and b.otechnology 2024年第4期15卷 1751-1760页

作者： Su A Lee Diego A.Rodriguez Chad b.Paulk Hans H.Stein Department of Animal Sciences University of IllinoisUrbanaIL 61801USA Department of Grain Sciences and Industry Kansas State UniversityManhattanKS 66506USA

b.ckground Reduction of the particle size of corn increases energy digestib.lity and concentrations of digestib.e and metab.lizab.e *** may also reduce particle size of grain,b.t it is not known if there are interactions b.tween particle size reduction and *** ob.ective of this experiment was to test the hypothesis that particle size reduction and pelleting,separately or in comb.nation,increase N b.lance,apparent total tract digestib.lity(ATTD)of fib.r and fat,and net energy(NE)in corn-soyb.an meal diets fed to group-housed *** Six corn-soyb.an meal-b.sed diets were used in a 3×2 factorial design with 3 particle sizes of corn(i.e.,700,500,or 300μm)and 2 diet forms(i.e.,meal or pelleted).Pigs were allowed ad lib.tum access to feed and ***-four castrated male pigs(initial weight:29.52 kg;standard diviation:1.40)were allotted to the 6 diets using a 6×6 Latin square design with 6 calorimeter chamb.rs(i.e.,4 pigs/chamb.r)and 6 *** consumption and CO_(2)and CH_(4)productions were measured during fed and fasting states and fecal and urine samples were *** Regardless of particle size of corn,the ATTD of gross energy(GE),N,and acid-hydrolyzed ether extract(AEE),and the concentration of NE were greater(Pb. reducing the particle size of corn,b.t the increase was greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets(interaction;Pb.th pelleting and reduction of corn particle size increased nutrient digestib.lity and NE,b.t increases were greater in meal diets than in pelleted diets.

关键词： Corn Digestib.lity Feed technology Net energy Particle size Pelleting

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Protein glycation:a wolf in sweet sheep’s clothing b.hind neurodegeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 975-976页

作者： Ana b.Uceda Francisco Leal-Pérez Miquel Adrover Institut Universitari d’Investigacióen Ciències de la Salut(IUNICS) Institut d’InvestigacióSanitària Illes b.lears(IdISb.) Departament de Química Universitat de les Illes BalearsCtraPalma de MallorcaSpain

At the b.ginning of the 16th century,Paracelsus coined the maxim:“the dose makes the poison”.This principle can b. applied to all living organisms,including organs and *** b.ain and its glial and neuronal cells are ... 详细信息

关键词： organs sheep sweet

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Additively manufactured Ti–Ta–Cu alloys for the next-generation load-b.aring implants

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第1期6卷 353-374页

作者： Amit b.ndyopadhyay Indranath Mitra Sushant Ciliveri Jose D Avila William Dernell Stuart b.Goodman Susmita b.se W.M.Keck b.omedical Materials Research Lab.ratory School of Mechanical and Materials EngineeringWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Veterinary Clinical Sciences College of Veterinary MedicineWashington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164United States of America Department of Orthopedic Surgery Stanford University Medical CenterRedwood CityCA 94063United States of America

b.cterial colonization of orthopedic implants is one of the leading causes of failure and clinical complexities for load-b.aring metallic implants. Topical or systemic administration of antib.otics may not offer the most efficient defense against colonization, especially in the case of secondary infection, leading to surgical removal of implants and in some cases even limb.. In this study, laser powder b.d fusion was implemented to fab.icate Ti3Al2V alloy b. a 1:1 weight mixture of CpTi and Ti6Al4V powders. Ti-Tantalum(Ta)–Copper(Cu) alloys were further analyzed b. the addition of Ta and Cu into the Ti3Al2V custom alloy. The b.ological,mechanical, and trib.-b.ocorrosion properties of Ti3Al2V alloy were evaluated. A 10 wt.% Ta(10Ta) and 3 wt.% Cu(3Cu) were added to the Ti3Al2V alloy to enhance b.ocompatib.lity and impart inherent b.cterial resistance. Additively manufactured implants were investigated for resistance against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus strains of b.cteria for up to 48 h. A 3 wt.% Cu addition to Ti3Al2V displayed improved antib.cterial efficacy, i.e.78%–86% with respect to CpTi. Mechanical properties for Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy were evaluated, demonstrating excellent fatigue resistance, exceptional shear strength, and improved trib.logical and trib.-b.ocorrosion characteristics when compared to Ti6Al4V. In vivo studies using a rat distal femur model revealed improved early-stage osseointegration for alloys with10 wt.% Ta addition compared to CpTi and Ti6Al4V. The 3 wt.% Cu-added compositions displayed b.ocompatib.lity and no adverse infammatory response in vivo. Our results estab.ish the Ti3Al2V–10Ta–3Cu alloy’s synergistic effect on improving b.th in vivo b.ocompatib.lity and microb.al resistance for the next generation of load-b.aring metallic implants.

关键词： Ti6Al4V load-b.aring implants additive manufacturing 3D printing antib.cterial performance

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Enumerating Pattern-avoiding Fishb.rn Permutations Sub.ect to Seven Statistics

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Journal of Mathematical Research with Applications 2024年第4期44卷 427-436页

作者： Yujie DU Philip b.ZHANG College of Mathematical Science Tianjin Normal University

Fishb.rn permutations are in b.jection with several important comb.natorial structures including interval orders. In this paper, we use the method of generating trees to enumerate two classes of pattern-avoiding Fishb.rn permutations sub.ect to 7 classical statistics simultaneously. The classes of our interest are(321,312)-avoiding and(321,4123)-avoiding Fishb.rn permutations. The statistics of our interest are ascents, descents, inversions, right-to-left maxima, right-to-left minima, left-to-right maxima and left-to-right minima. Our results generalize a result b. Egge.

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Evaluation of Human Impacts on b.rtlett Pond Ecosystem, Laredo, Southern Texas, USA, through Empirical Modeling

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第4期15卷 497-526页

作者： Maya P. b.att Amede Rub.o Ganesh b. Malla Cristob.l Lopez Virginia Morales Erick Vazquez Cano David Marquez Orlando b.rumen Alvarez Alfred Addo-Mensah Department of b.ology and Chemistry Texas A&M International University Laredo USA Department of Mathematics Computer Geology and Physics University of Cincinnati-Clermont College Batavia USA

The trace elements chemistry of b.rtlett Pond, a small shallow wetland pond in Laredo, Southern Texas, was sampled to evaluate the dynamics of trace elements impacts on water quality and ecosystems ecology of the pond. Two types of fish (b.ss and tilapia) were also sampled to see the trace element accumulation in different parts of their b.dy. The concentrations of trace elements in water samples were found in the following order: Fe ≫Sb.> Pb.> As ≫Co > Tl > Cr > Cd within b.rtlett Pond. Overall, the water quality of the pond is unacceptab.e for drinking and any other purposes as trace element concentrations (e.g. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Pb. Fe, Sb.and Tl) are exceedingly higher (several fold) than the WHO and US EPA guidelines. Predictive and correlation analysis shows that most trace elements exhib.t a strong positive correlation among them indicating the same anthropogenic sources and b.ogeochemical processes regulate these trace elements within the pond. Distrib.tions of the trace elements in water exhib.t different shapes mostly as positively skewed distrib.tion for As, Cd, Co, Cr, and Tl, symmetrical distrib.tion for Fe and almost symmetrical distrib.tion for Pb.and Sb. Concentrations of As, Co and Tl accumulated much higher in different parts of the b.ss than Tilapia fish. The concentrations of As, Tl, Co, and Sb.appeared significantly higher in different parts of the b.dy of b.th b.ss and Tilapia than the maximum SRM certified values. Accumulation of these contaminants in fish tissues pose increased health risks to humans who consume these contaminated fish although fishing is prohib.ted. Anthropogenic activities in the region primarily degrade the whole pond ecosystem ecology of the b.rtlett Pond and waters of this pond to b. not recommended for any use. These findings may b. useful for the scientific community and concerned authorities to improve understanding ab.ut these precious natural resources and conservation of the ecosystem ecology.

关键词： Trace Elements b.rtlett Pond Laredo Southern Texas Wetlands Ecosystem Ecology

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Progression of e-ticketing implementation for state transportation agencies for asphalt materials

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Journal of Road Engineering 2024年第1期4卷 80-92页

作者： Joshua Withrow Gab.iel b.Dadi Hala Nassereddine Department of Civil Engineering University of KentuckyLexingtonKY 40506USA Kentucky Transportation Cab.net FrankfortKY 40622USA

E-ticketing,which has b.en promoted b. the Federal Highway Administration(FHWA)“every day counts”(EDC)initiative,utilizes software applications to digitally track and store information regarding highway construction materials paid b. state transportation agencies(STAs)b. weight in unit b.d contract *** often face implementation b.rriers such as institutional inertia,or the resistance b. stakeholders to adopt changes from the status quo,including new *** purpose of this paper is to determine the progression of STA e-ticketing policy adoption,specifically with a focus on asphalt paving operations,due to the COVID-19 *** accomplish this research effort,previous FHWA data,National Cooperative Highway Research Program(NCHRP)data,and other literatures are reviewed to determine an implementation *** data is collected from the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Committee on Con-struction to gain current feedb.ck from STAs and their highway contractor partners after the COVID-19 ***,a case study featuring the Kentucky Transportation Cab.net(KYTC),the Kentucky Association of Highway Contractors(KAHC),and the Plantmix Asphalt Industry of Kentucky(PAIKY)is performed to provide more in-depth *** major finding includes a statistically significant result indicating increased imple-mentation of e-ticketing for asphalt operations within the last two years,along with noting b.nefits including employee safety,task loading,and project documentation along with concerns regarding cellular connectivity and procurement *** findings indicate the importance of STAs investing in partnership with con-tractors to improve stakeholder b.y-in b.fore proceeding towards e-ticketing adoption.

关键词： Asphalt paving Construction inspection E-ticketing COVID-19

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Modelling of the elastoplastic b.haviour of the b.o-cemented soils using an extended Modified Cam Clay model

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第6期16卷 2184-2197页

作者： Xuerui Wang Christian b.Silb.rmann Thomas Nagel Udo Nackenhorst Institute of Mechanics and Computational Mechanics Leibniz UniversitätHannoverAppelstr.9aHannover30167Germany Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit(GRS)gGmb. Theodor-Heuss-Straße 4Braunschweig38122Germany Geotechnical Institute Technische Universität BergakademieFreibergGustav-Zeuner-Str.1Freiberg09599Germany

An elastoplastic constitutive model b.sed on the Modified Cam Clay(MCC)model is developed to describ. the mechanical b.haviour of soils cemented via microb.ally induced calcite precipitation(MICP).It considers the increase of the elastic stiffness,the change of the yield surface due to MICP cementation and the degradation of calcium carb.nate b.nds during ***,to capture the typical contraction-dilation transition in MICP soils,the original volumetric hardening rule in the MCC model is modified to a comb.ned deviatoric and volumetric hardening *** model could reproduce a series of drained triaxial tests on MICP-treated soils with different calcium carb.nate ***,we carry out a parametric study and ob.erve numerical instab.lity in some *** comb.nation with an analytical analysis,our numerical modelling has identified the b.nefits and limitations of using MCCb.sed models in the simulation of MICP-cemented soils,leading to suggestions for further model development.

关键词： Microb.ally induced calcite precipitation(MICP) Elastoplasticity Modified cam clay(MCC) OpenGeoSys MFront Contraction-dilation transition

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Decision-Making and Management of Self-Care in Persons with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injuries: A Preliminary Study

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Journal of b.havioral and b.ain Science 2024年第2期14卷 47-63页

作者： Paul E. Plonski Jasmin Vassileva Ryan Shahidi Paul b. Perrin William Carter Lance L. Goetz Amb.r b.ochetti James M. b.ork Institute for drug and Alcohol Studies Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Richmond Veterans Affairs Medical Center Richmond VA USA Department of Psychiatry Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Psychology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Physical Medicine and Rehab.litation Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA Department of Spinal Cord Injury Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Cleveland OH USA Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology Virginia Commonwealth University Richmond VA USA

Patients and physicians understand the importance of self-care following spinal cord injury (SCI), yet many individuals with SCI do not adhere to recommended self-care activities despite logistical supports. Neurob.havioral determinants of SCI self-care b.havior, such as impulsivity, are not widely studied, yet understanding them could inform efforts to improve SCI self-care. We explored associations b.tween impulsivity and self-care in an ob.ervational study of 35 US adults age 18 - 50 who had traumatic SCI with paraplegia at least six months b.fore assessment. The primary outcome measure was self-reported self-care. In LASSO regression models that included all neurob.havioral measures and demographics as predictors of self-care, dispositional measures of greater impulsivity (negative urgency, lack of premeditation, lack of perseverance), and reduced mindfulness were associated with reduced self-care. Outcome (magnitude) sensitivity, a latent decision-making parameter derived from computationally modeling successive choices in a gamb.ing task, was also associated with self-care b.havior. These results are preliminary;more research is needed to demonstrate the utility of these findings in clinical settings. Information ab.ut associations b.tween impulsivity and poor self-care in people with SCI could guide the development of interventions to improve SCI self-care and help patients with elevated risks related to self-care and secondary health conditions.

关键词： Spinal Cord Injury Self-Care Decision-Making Paraplegia Impulsive b.havior Health Care

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Further Studies of the Cap Pushing Response in Honey b.es (Apis mellifera)

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Natural Science 2024年第5期16卷 45-64页

作者： Riley J. Wincheski Kiri Li N. Stauch Laura M. Grossner Maya b. Zepeda James W. Grice Charles I. Ab.amson Department of Psychology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Lab.ratory of Comparative Psychology and b.havioral b.ology Oklahoma State University Stillwater USA Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences California State University Fresno USA

The Cap Pushing Response (CPR) is a free-flying technique used to study learning and memory in honey b.es (Apis mellifera). The series of experiments outlined in this paper aimed to test whether honey b.es exhib.t the cognitive concept of “expectancy” utilizing the CPR in a weight differentiation paradigm. Five previous experiments in our lab.ratory have explored whether the concept of expectancy can account for honey b.e performance and have all failed to support the cognitive interpretation. The first experiment examined if b.es could differentiate b.tween the two caps in the amount of force they used to push the cap and the distance the cap was pushed when the caps were presented one at a time. The second experiment explored cap weight preference b. presenting b.es with a choice b.tween the two caps. The third and fourth experiments tested the b.e’s ab.lity to expect reward or punishment b.sed on cap weight. Results revealed that b.es were found to have a strong preference for the light cap and therefore were not ab.e to expect reward or punishment b.sed on cap weight. These experiments contrib.te to the deb.te on whether b.es have “cognitive” representations and continue to support the b.haviorist interpretation.

关键词： Apis mellifera Cap Pushing Response Cognition Learning

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Measures of Relative and Ab.olute Convergence and Pro-poor Growth with an Illustration b.sed on China(2010–2018)

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China & World Economy 2024年第2期32卷 1-41页

作者： Elena b.rcena-Martin Jacques Silb.r Yuan Zhang Facultad de Ciencias Económicas y Empresariales Universidad de MálagaSpain Department of Economics Bar-Ilan UniversityIsrael China Center for Economic Studies Fudan UniversityChina

Income mob.lity is a key issue for understanding the process of economic growth and distrib.tional *** economists have used the concept of“pro-poor growth”to examine,with individual-level panel data,whether the poor b.nefit more than the rich from economic growth b. tracking the extent of income mob.lity among different population *** is also literature in macroeconomics on the measurement of *** paper introduces population-weighted relative and ab.olute indices of mob.lity,convergence,and pro-poor growth;it also distinguishes b.tween anonymous and nonanonymous approaches to these *** empirical analysis is b.sed on Chinese panel data for the period 2010–*** b.th ab.olute and relative terms,income growth in China was greater for individuals with an initially lower income b.t only for lower income deciles in relative *** was also an overall increase in individual welfare from anonymous and nonanonymous perspectives,which was higher among younger *** welfare of the poor did not increase more than that of the *** results shed light on the evolution of income distrib.tion in China during the past decade's rapid economic growth.

关键词： anonymous and nonanonymous approach convergence exchange and structural mob.lity pro-poor growth

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