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A survey of static and dynamic potential games

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Science China Mathematics 2016年第11期59卷 2075-2102页

作者： gonzalez-SANCHEZ David HERNANDEZ-LERMA Onesimo Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología Universidad de Sonora Hermosillo 83000 Mexico Mathematics Department Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico National Mexico City 07000 Mexico

Potential games are noncooperative games for which there exist auxiliary functions, called potentials,such that the maximizers of the potential are also Nash equilibria of the corresponding game. Some properties of Nash equilibria, such as existence or stability, can be derived from the potential, whenever it exists. We survey different classes of potential games in the static and dynamic cases, with a finite number of players, as well as in population games where a continuum of players is allowed. Likewise, theoretical concepts and applications are discussed by means of illustrative examples.

关键词： noncooperative games potential games Nash equilibrium dynamic games Markov games differential games population games

Natural vegetation cover in the landscape and edge effects： differential responses of insect orders in a fragmented forest

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Insect Science 2017年第5期24卷 891-901页

作者： Ezequiel gonzalez Adriana Salvo Graciela Valladares Centro de Investigaciones Entomologicas de Cordoba IMBIV UNC CONICET FCEFyN Av. Velez Sarfield 1611 Cordoba CordobaX5000GMC Argentina

Human activities have led to global simplification of ecosystems, among which Neotropical dry forests are some of the most threatened. Habitat loss as well as edge effects may affect insect communities. Here, we analyzed insects sampled with pan traps in 9 landscapes （at 5 scales, in 100-500 m diameter circles） comprising cultivated fields and Chaco Serrano forests, at overall community and taxonomic order level. In total 7043 specimens and 456 species of hexapods were captured, with abundance and richness being directly related to forest cover at 500 m and higher at edges in comparison with forest interior. Community composition also varied with forest cover and edge^interior location. Different responses were detected among the 8 dominant orders. Collembola, Hemiptera, and Orthoptera richness and^or abundance were positively related to forest cover at the larger scale, while Thysanoptera abundance increased with forest cover only at the edge. Hymenoptera abundance and richness were negatively related to forest cover at 100 m. Coleoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera were more diverse and abundant at the forest edge. The generally negative influence of forest loss on insect communities could have functional consequences for both natural and cultivated systems, and highlights the relevance of forest conservation. Higher diversity at the edges could result from the simultaneous presence of forest and matrix species, although ＂resource mapping＂ might be involved for orders that were richer and more abundant at edges. Adjacent crops could benefit from forest proximity since natural enemies and pollinators are well represented in the orders showing nositive edge effects.

关键词： Chaco Serrano edge effect forest cover habitat loss insects orders

Gravitational wave astronomy

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Frontiers of physics 2013年第6期8卷 771-793页

作者： Gabriela gonzalez Andrea Vicere Linqing Wen Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University Baton Rouge LA 70803 USA INFN Sezione di Firenze 1-50019 Sesto Fiorentino and Universitd degli Studi di Urbino 'Carlo Bo' 1-61029 Urbino Italy School of Physics The University of Western Australia 35 Stirling Hwy Crawley WA 6009 Australia

We are entering a new era of gravitational-wave astronomy. The ground-based interferometers have reached their initial design sensitivity in the audio band. Several upper limits have been set for anticipated astrophysical sources from the science data. The advanced detectors in the US and in Europe are expected to be operational around 2015. New advanced detectors are also planned in Japan and in India. The first direct detections of gravitational waves are expected within this decade. In the meanwhile, three pulsar timing array projects are forming an international collaboration to detect gravitational waves directly in the nanoHertz range using timing data from millisecond pulsars. The first direct detection of nanoHertz gravitational waves are also expected within this decade. In this paper, we review the status of current gravitational-wave detectors, possible types of sources, observational upper limits achieved, and future prospects for direct detection of gravitational waves

关键词： gravitational waves gravitational-wave detectors gravitional astronomy

Arthropods on plants in a fragmented Neotropical dry forest： A functional analysis of area loss and edge effects

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Insect Science 2015年第1期22卷 129-138页

作者： Ezequiel gonzalez Adriana Salvo Graciela Valladares Centro de Investigaciones Entomol6gicas de C6rdoba (IMBIV - CONICET) and Universidad Nacional de C6rdoba C6rdoba Argentina

Loss and fragmentation of natural ecosystems are widely recognized as the most important threats to biodiversity conservation, with Neotropical dry forests among the most endangered ecosystems. Area and edge effects are major factors in fragmented landscapes. Here, we examine area and edge effects and their interaction, on ensembles of arthropods associated to native vegetation in a fragmented Chaco Serrano forest. We analyzed family richness and community composition of herbivores, predators, and parasitoids on three native plant species in 12 fragments of varying size and at edge/interior positions. We also looked for indicator families by using Indicator Species Analysis. Loss of family richness with the reduction of forest fragment area was observed for the three functional groups, with sirnilar magnitude. Herbivores were richer at the edges without interaction between edge and area effects, whereas predators were not affected by edge/interior position and parasitoid richness showed an interaction between area and position, with a steeper area slope at the edges. Family composition of herbivore, predator, and parasitoid assemblages was also affected by forest area and/or edge/interior situation. We found three indicator families for large remnants and five for edges. Our results support the key role of forest area for conservation of arthropods taxonomic and functional diversity in a highly threatened region, and emphasize the need to understand the interactions between area and edge effects on such diversity.

关键词： area loss Chaco Serrano edge effect forest arthropods functional groups habitat fragmentation

Liver cirrhosis and diabetes:Risk factors,pathophysiology,clinical implications and management

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第3期15卷 280-288页

作者： Diego Garcia-Compean Joel Omar Jaquez-Quintana Jose Alberto gonzalez-gonzalez Hector Maldonado-Garza Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of MedicineUniversity HospitalAve Madero y GonzalitosCol Mitras CentroMonterrey 64700Mexico

About 30% of patients with cirrhosis have diabetes mellitus(DM).Nowadays,it is a matter for debate whether type 2 DM in the absence of obesity and hypertriglyceridemia may be a risk factor for chronic liver ***,which develops as a complication of cirrhosis,is known as "hepatogenous diabetes".Insulin resistance in muscular and adipose tissues and hyperinsulinemia seem to be the pathophysiologic bases of diabetes in liver *** impaired response of the islet β-cells of the pancreas and hepatic insulin resistance are also contributory ***-alcoholic fatty liver disease,alcoholic cirrhosis,chronic hepatitis C(CHC) and hemochromatosis are more frequently associated with *** resistance increases the failure of the response to treatment in patients with CHC and enhances progression of *** in cirrhotic patients may be *** diabetes is clinically different from that of type 2 DM,since it is less frequently associated with microangiopathy and patients more frequently suffer complications of *** increases the mortality of cirrhotic *** of the diabetes is complex due to liver damage and hepatotoxicity of oral hypoglycemic *** manuscript will review evidence that exists in relation to:type 2 DM alone or as part of the metabolic syndrome in the development of liver disease;factors involved in the genesis of hepatogenous diabetes;the impact of DM on the clinical outcome of liver disease;the management of DM in cirrhotic patients and the role of DM as a risk factor for the occurrence and exacerbation of hepatocellular carcinoma.

关键词： Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes mellitus Liver cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Chronic hepatitis C

CO2 degassing and melting of metasomatized mantle lithosphere during rifting-Numerical study

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Geoscience Frontiers 2019年第4期10卷 1409-1420页

作者： Weronika Gorczyk Christopher M. gonzalez University of Western Australia Centre for Exploration TargetingSchool of Earth SciencesARC Centre of Excellence for Core to Crust Fluid SystemsPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia School of Earth Atmosphere and EnvironmentMonash University ClaytonMelbourneVICAustralia

:Reactivation of metasomatized mantle lithosphere may occur during continental extension,which is an important component of plate *** lower most part of the metasomatized domains in the subcontinental mantle lithosphere can be locally enriched in ***,partial melting of these metasomatized domains may play a crucial role in the global carbon ***,little is known about this process and up until now few numerical constraints are *** we address this knowledge gap and use a 2-D high resolution petrological-thermomechanical model to assess lithospheric ***2 degassing and *** test 4 lithospheric thicknesses:90,110,130 and 200 km with a 10 km thick metasomatized layer at the base using CO2 of 2 wt.%in the bulk *** carbonate enriched layer is stable below^3 GPa(>110 km)for a temperature of 1300℃;therefore,we only observe degassing patterns for lithospheric models that are 130 km and 200 km *** metasomatized layer for the 130 km thick lithosphere mostly comprises carbonatite melting,whereas in the 200 km thick scenario propagation of melt development from kimberlites to carbonatites occurs as the metasomatic mantle is exhumed during *** numerical models fit well into natural rifting zones of the European Cenozoic Rift System for young(shallow)and of the North Atlantic Rift for old(thick)lithosphere.

关键词： Rifting Mantle CO2 degassing Carbonate melting

In vitro germination and shoot proliferation of the threatened species Cinchona officinalis L(Rubiaceae).

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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第6期27卷 1229-1236页

作者： Rosa Armijos-gonzalez Cesar Perez-Ruiz Departamento de Ciencias Naturales Universidad Tecnica Particular de LojaCP 1101 608 LojaEcuador Departamento de Biotecnologia y Biologia Vegetal E.T.S.Ingenieros AgronomosUniversidad Politecnica de MadridCP 728040 MadridSpain

Cinchona officinalis （Rubiaceae） is an endemic species of the Loja Valley in southern Ecuador with medicinal uses. Because of over-exploitation in the nine- teenth century and more recent disturbances to its ecosystem, C. officinalis populations are threatened. Currently, natural regeneration of the populations is low, despite its high plant regeneration and seed formation capacity. In the present study, an efficient protocol for germination, shoot proliferation and plantlets regeneration was developed for this species. Phenolic content and germination rate of C. officinalis seeds were compared with a control species, C. pubescens. Nodal segments from seedlings of C. officinalis were cultured on Gamborg medium supplemented with different combinations of plant growth regulators. Because the phenol content is high in C. officinalis, the phenolic should be removed with hydrogen peroxide or water washes to stimulate germination. Shoots and callus developed from nodal segments within 45 days using most of the tested combinations of plant growth regulators. The best rates of shoot proliferation, callus formation and adventitious buds were obtained in medium supplemented with 5.0 mg L^-1 6-benzyl-aminopurine and 3.0 mg L^-1 indole- 3-butyfic acid.

关键词： Callus Cinchona officinalis Germination Phenols Rubiaceae Shoot

Plumage brightness and uropygial gland secretions in barn swallows

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Current Zoology 2019年第2期65卷 177-182页

作者： Anders PAPE MOLLER Fernando MATEOS-gonzalez Ecologie Systematique Evolution Universite Paris-Sud CNRS AgroParisTech Universite Paris-Saclay Batiment 362 F-91405 Orsay Cedex France Department of Ecology and Genetics Evolutionary Biology Centre University of Uppsala Norbyvagen 18d SE-75236 Uppsala Sweden

The uropygial gland has been hypothesized to play a role in sexual signaling through a "make-up" function derived from the effects of secretions from the gland on the appearanee of the plumage and bare parts of the body. Here we show that plumage brightness of dorsal feathers of individual barn swallows Hirundo rustica was greater in mated than in unmated individuals. In addition, plumage brightness in creased with colony size. Furthermore, plumage bright ness was positively correlated with the amount of wax in the uropygial gland, negatively correlated with time of sampling of uropygial wax (perhaps because more wax is present early in the morning after an entire night of wax production without any preening), and negatively correlated with the number of chewing lice that degrade the plumage. Experimentally preventing barn swallows from access to the uropygial gland reduced plumage brightness, showing a causal link between secretions from the uropygial gland and plumage brightness. These findings provide evidence consistent with a role of uropygial secretions in signaling plumage brightness.

关键词： brightness coloration preening wax sexual selection uropygial gland

Immersed Boundary Approach to Biofilm Spread on Surfaces

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Communications in Computational Physics 2022年第1期31卷 257-292页

作者： Ana Carpio Rafael gonzalez-Albaladejo Departamento de Matematica Aplicada Universidad Complutense28040 MadridSpain

We propose a computational model to study the growth and spread of bacterial biofilms on interfaces,as well as the action of antibiotics on *** membranes are represented by boundaries immersed in a fluid matrix and subject to interaction ***,division and death of bacterial cells follow dynamic energy budget rules,in response to variations in environmental concentrations of nutrients,toxicants and substances released by the *** this way,we create,destroy and enlarge boundaries,either spherical or *** forces represent details of the interaction between cells,and the interaction with the *** can investigate geometrical arrangements and the formation of porous *** simulations illustrate the evolution of top views and diametral slices of small biofilm seeds,as well as the action of *** show that cocktails of antibiotics targeting active and dormant cells can entirely eradicate a biofilm.

关键词： Hybrid multiscale models immersed boundary methods dynamic energy budget models bacterial biofilm antibiotic resistance