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Spreading depression and focal venous cerebral ischemia enhance cortical neurogenesis

Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第8期12卷 1278-1286页

作者： Ryo Tamaki Samuel Ige Orie Beat Alessandri Oliver Kempski axel heimann Department of Neurosurgery Nara Medical University University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University of Mainz Institute for Neurosurgical Pathophysiology

Endogenous neurogenesis can arise from a variety of physiological stimuli including exercise, learning, or ＂enriched environment＂ as well as pathological conditions such as ischemia, epilepsy or cortical spreading depression. Whether all these conditions use a common trigger to set off endogenous neurogenesis is yet unclear. We hypothesized that cortical spreading depression（CSD） induces neurogenesis in the cerebral cortex and dentate gyrus after cerebral venous ischemia. Forty-two Wistar rats alternatively underwent sham operation（Sham）, induction of ten CSDs or venous ischemia provoked via occlusion of two adjacent superficial cortical vein followed by ten induced CSDs（CSD ＋ 2-VO）. As an additional control, 15 na？ve rats received no intervention except 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine（Brd U） treatment for 7 days. Sagittal brain slices（40 μm thick） were co-stained for Brd U and doublecortin（DCX; new immature neuronal cells） on day 9 or Neu N（new mature neuronal cells） on day 28. On day 9 after sham operation, cell proliferation and neurogenesis occurred in the cortex in rats. The sole induction of CSD had no effect. But on days 9 and 28, more proliferating cells and newly formed neurons in the ipsilateral cortex were observed in rats subjected to CSD ＋ 2VO than in rats subjected to sham operation. On days 9 and 28, cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the ipsilateral dentate gyrus was increased in sham-operated rats than in na？ve rats. Our data supports the hypothesis that induced cortical neurogenesis after CSD ＋ 2-VO is a direct effect of ischemia, rather than of CSD alone.

关键词： nerve regeneration cortical spreading depression two-vein occlusion adult neurogenesis stem cells cerebral cortex neural precursor cells neuron penumbra neural regeneration

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Cryptic exon inclusion in TDP-43 proteinopathies:opportunities and challenges

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2003-2004页

作者： Lorena Decker Sonja Menge axel Freischmidt Department of Neurology Ulm UniversityUlmGermany

TDP-43 proteinopathies and cryptic exons:Transactive response DNA binding protein of 43 kDa(TDP-43)is a ubiquitously expressed RNA/DNA binding protein crucial for coding and non-coding RNA metabolism including transcription,splicing,transport,translation,and ***-43 shuttles between the nucleus and cytoplasm,but is predominantly localized in the *** diseases(NDs)may be accompanied by nuclear loss and possible cytoplasmic accumulation and aggregation of TDP-43 in vulnerable neurons and *** neuropathology is the hallmark of most individuals suffering from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS),frontotemporal dementia(FTD)with TDP-43-immunoreactive pathology(FTD-TDP),limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy(LATE)and Perry syndrome,but also coexists with the primary pathology in subsets of patients suffering from other NDs,such as Alzheimer’s disease,Lewy body dementias,or Huntington’s *** in the gene encoding TDP-43(TARDBP)are the cause of ALS and/or FTD in some rare cases substantiating the importance of this protein in aging *** is still controversial if loss of nuclear,or increased cytoplasmic and/or aggregating TDP-43 is more harmful to neurons(Nag and Schneider,2023).Recently,the role of nuclear TDP-43 in repressing the inclusion of intronic sequences,named cryptic exons(CEs),into mature mRNAs gained much attention.

关键词： Huntington metabolism TDP

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NECAB family of neuronal calcium-binding proteins in health and disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1236-1243页

作者： Diones Bueno Michael K.E.Schafer Sudena Wang Michael J.Schmeisser axel Methner Institute for Molecular Medicine University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Department of Anesthesiology University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany Institute of Anatomy University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-UniversityMainzGermany

The N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding proteins 1–3(NECAB1–3) constitute a family of predominantly neuronal proteins characterized by the presence of at least one EF-hand calcium-binding domain and a functionally less well characterized C-terminal antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. All three family members were initially discovered due to their interactions with other proteins. NECAB1 associates with synaptotagmin-1, a critical neuronal protein involved in membrane trafficking and synaptic vesicle exocytosis. NECAB2 interacts with predominantly striatal G-protein-coupled receptors, while NECAB3 partners with amyloid-β A4 precursor protein-binding family A members 2 and 3, key regulators of amyloid-β production. This demonstrates the capacity of the family for interactions with various classes of proteins. NECAB proteins exhibit distinct subcellular localizations: NECAB1 is found in the nucleus and cytosol, NECAB2 resides in endosomes and the plasma membrane, and NECAB3 is present in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus. The antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain, an evolutionarily ancient component, is akin to atypical heme oxygenases in prokaryotes but is not wellcharacterized in vertebrates. Prokaryotic antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domains typically form dimers, suggesting that calcium-mediated conformational changes in NECAB proteins may induce antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain dimerization, potentially activating some enzymatic properties. However, the substrate for this enzymatic activity remains uncertain. Alternatively, calcium-mediated conformational changes might influence protein interactions or the subcellular localization of NECAB proteins by controlling the availability of protein–protein interaction domains situated between the EF hands and the antibiotic biosynthesis monooxygenase domain. This review summarizes what is known about genomic organization, tissue expression, intracellular localization, interac

关键词： calcium EF hand mitochondria nervous system signal transduction

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Exactly Solvable Combinations of Scalar and Vector Potentials for the Dirac Equation Interrelated by Riccati Equations

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Chinese Physics Letters 2006年第6期23卷 1365-1368页

作者： axel Schulze-Halberg Department of Science University of Colima Bernal Diaz del Castillo 340 Col. Villas San Sebastian C.P. 28045 Colima Col. Mexico

New classes of solvable scalar and vector potentials for the Dirac equation are obtained, together with the associated exact Dirac spinors. The method of derivation is based on an a priori constraint between the solutions, leading to an interrelation between the scalar and vector potential in the form ofa Riccati equation. The present note generalizes a series of former articles.

关键词： Exactly Solvable Combinations Riccati Equations

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The future of underground spatial planning and the resulting potential risks from the point of view of mining subsidence engineering

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2020年第1期30卷 93-98页

作者： Carolina Brücker axel Preuβe Institute for Mine Surveying Mining Subsidence Engineering and Geophysics in MiningRWTH Aachen UniversityWüllnerstr.2Aachen 52062Germany

The topic of ground movements in Germany has been studied extensively in the past,especially in the field of active *** active hard coal mines in Germany were finally shut down in 2018 and lignite mining is expected to take place only until *** so-called long-term liabilities of the mine operators in Germany include,among other things,the long-term guarantee of stability and thus the monitoring of ground *** far,the economic use of underground mining in Germany was mainly the supply of raw *** the future,the underground storage of compressed air,methane or hydrogen will play an important role in renewable energy supply and climate ***,the underground storage space will become more important and the spatial planning is essential to ensure availability of safe underground openings for the various options of environmentally friendly energy ***,this renewed usage of underground openings may also bring new and sometimes unknown challenges of geomechanical *** aftermath of hard coal and lignite mining will be an increasing challenge in mining subsidence *** the other hand,new possibilities due to underground spatial planning may lead to subsidence and/or heaving of the upper surface.

关键词： Mining Surveying Underground spatial planning Mining engineering Renewable energies

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Buffered microclimate determines the presence of Salamandra corsica

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1089-1093页

作者： Daniel Escoriza axel Hernandez GRECO Institute of Aquatic EcologyUniversity of Girona17071 GironaSpain Department of Environmental Sciences University Pasquale Paoli20250 CorteFrance

Numerous amphibian species occupy microhabitats with buffered thermal and moisture conditions,typically under forest ***,we assessed whether the insular endemic Salamandra corsica also uses this type of habitat,which could have important implications for its *** used data loggers to record the air temperature and air humidity at 4 h intervals over a period of 2 years,at 13 stations with a confirmed presence of *** data were compared with those recorded at Corsican weather stations and those generated by a climate model(WorldClim 2).The weather station data showed significant deviations from the probe data,by an average of-1.26℃(minimum temperature),+2.61℃(maximum temperature),and-0.04%(relative humidity).Similarly,the WorldClim 2 data showed significant deviations from the probe data,by an average of-2.49°C(minimum temperature)and+1.69℃(maximum temperature).These discrepancies refl ect the use of densely vegetated and topographically complex habitats by ***,which reduce temperature ***,our results highlight the importance of natural vegetal cover in the conservation of populations of this endemic salamander.

关键词： Fire salamander Island endemic Microclimate Probe Threatened species

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Using hierarchical spatial models to assess the occurrence of an island endemism: the case of Salamandra corsica

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 199-209页

作者： Daniel Escoriza axel Hernandez GRECO Institute of Aquatic EcologyUniversity of Girona17071 GironaSpain Department of Environmental Sciences University Pasquale Paoli20250 CorteFrance.

Background:Island species are vulnerable to rapid extinction,so it is important to develop accurate methods to determine their occurrence and habitat *** this study,we assessed two methods for modeling the occurrence of the Corsican endemic Salamandra corsica,based on macro-ecological and fine habitat *** expected that models based on habitat descriptors would better estimate *** occurrence,because its distribution could be influenced by micro-environmental *** occurrence of *** was modeled according to two ensembles of variables using random ***:Salamandra corsica was mainly found in forested habitats,with a complex vertical *** habitats are associated with more stable environmental *** model based on fine habitat descriptors was better able to predict occurrence,and gave no false *** model based on macro-ecological variables underestimated the occurrence of the species on its ecological boundary,which is important as such locations may facilitate interpopulation ***:Implementing fine spatial resolution models requires greater investment of resources,but this is advisable for study of microendemic species,where it is important to reduce type II error(false negatives).

关键词： Amphibian Corsica Mediterranean islands Microhabitat Salamander

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Use of the area of main influence to fix a relevant boundary for mining damages in Germany

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2018年第1期28卷 79-83页

作者： Denise Müller axel Preusse Faculty of Georesources and Materials Engineering Institute for Mine Surveying Mining Subsidence Engineering and Geophysics in Mining RWTH Aachen University

In 2010, the fracking discussion in Germany caused a number of changes in German law, which came into force in *** the production of gas had to be *** the legislation amendment, the Subsidence-Area Mining Regulation has been revised, *** changes expand the compensation of mining damages, especially to the extraction with drilling from the surface and underground *** the Subsidence-Area Mining Regulation has been revised, the area of main influence(subsidence of 10 cm)remains to determine a relevant boundary for mining *** determination and prediction of this boundary above caverns are presented in this *** addition, further elements of ground movements and their relevance to mine damages are *** usage of the area of main influence to fix a relevant boundary for mining damages does not correspond to the relevant elements of ground movements.A limit for differences in subsidence(tilt) or horizontal changes in length should be preferred to describe the relevance of mining damages on ***, this paper outlines the meaning of using the area of main influence to fix a relevant boundary for mining damages.

关键词： Ground movements Area of main influence Boundary for mining damages Subsidence-area mining regulation Subsidence detection Modeling above caverns

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Smallest Close to Regular Bipartite Graphs without an Almost Perfect Matching

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2010年第8期26卷 1403-1412页

作者： Lutz VOLKMANN axel ZINGSEM Lehrstuhl Ⅱ für Mathematik RWTH Aachen University

A graph G is close to regular or more precisely a （d, d ＋ k）-graph, if the degree of each vertex of G is between d and d ＋ k. Let d ≥ 2 be an integer, and let G be a connected bipartite （d, d＋k）-graph with partite sets X and Y such that ｜X｜- ｜Y｜＋1. If G is of order n without an almost perfect matching, then we show in this paper that·n ≥ 6d ＋7 when k = 1,·n ≥ 4d＋ 5 when k = 2,·n ≥ 4d＋3 when k≥*** will demonstrate that the given bounds on the order of G are the best possible.

关键词： Almost perfect matching bipartite graph close to regular graph

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Vegetation cover and occurrence of salamanders in the western Mediterranean

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第3期17卷 456-467页

作者： Daniel ESCORIZA axel HERNANDEZ GRECO Institute of Aquatic EcologyUniversity of GironaGironaSpain Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Sciences and TechnicsUniversity Pasquale Paoli of CorsicaCorteFrance

The Mediterranean region possesses a rich diversity of salamanders,which also exhibit a high degree of ecological *** is assumed that the presence of salamanders is dependent on the level of vegetation cover in terrestrial habitats,but the strength of this association is likely to vary among *** this study,we investigated the patterns of habitat utilization for Mediterranean salamanders based on 589 records of 33 *** tested the hypothesis that the association between salamander presence and vegetation density varies among genera or reproductive modes(*** vs aquatic).The results show that vegetation cover has similar influences on terrestrial and aquatic groups but important differences are identified for lotic and lentic aquatic *** findings also indicate that the aquatic lotic,terrestrial,and small-body species deviate significantly from that expected from the background range of variation.

关键词： amphibian conservation habitat remote sensing salamander

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