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Changes in cultivated land patterns and driving forces in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, China, from 1992 to 2015

Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第1期17卷 203-215页

作者： ZHANG Yu-xin WANG Yu-kuan FU Bin LI Ming LU Ya-feng dixit Amod Mani CHAUDHARY Suresh WANG Shan Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu 610041China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China National Society for Earthquake Technology-Nepal Kathmandu LalitpurP.O.Box 13667Nepal Chengdu Land Planning and Cadastre Center Chengdu 610074China

Changes of cultivated land patterns caused by major water conservation projects are rarely reported. We selected the Three Gorges Reservoir area in China to study the change in area and landscape pattern of the cultivated land in the head,central, and tail areas of the reservoir that took place between 1992 and 2015;we then studied the spatial distribution of the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir;finally, we studied the driving forces behind the changes in the cultivated land. The results derived are as follows.(1) During the construction of the Three Gorges Project(TGP, 1992–2015), the area of cultivated land around the reservoir decreased by30.23 million ha. This reduction occurred in phases:the most severe change in cultivated land occurred during the later stage of the project(2002–2010);only 0.62 million ha of cultivated land did not change between 1992 and 2015.(2) Spatial pattern analysis showed that the cultivated land in the three parts of the reservoir changed from a northern distribution to a southern distribution;thus, the area of cultivated land in the north decreased over the time period. The area of cultivated land in the head and tail areas decreased by varying degrees, while it increased in the central area over the 23 years, indicating that the change in cultivated land showed regional differences.(3) The TGP, the policy of reverting farmland to forest,and urbanization were the main driving factors for the change of cultivated land, but there were differences in their impacts at different stages.(4) According to the patch dynamics of the land cover change, the degree of change gradually intensified during the early and later stages of the project and then stabilized during the operational period. Our research provides scientific support for the protection of cultivated land resources and food security in the reservoir area and for the coordination of social and economic development, which is of great significance to sustainable de

关键词： Agricultural land change Three Gorges Reservoir area Landscape index The standard deviation ellipse Cultivated land Driving forces

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Development of Two-Factor Authentication to Mitigate Phishing Attack

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第11期17卷 787-802页

作者： Varun dixit Davinderjit Kaur Omnissa LLC Palo Alto CA USA MedROAD Lab University of Alberta Edmonton Canada

The two-factor authentication mechanism is gaining popularity as more people are becoming aware of the need to secure their identities. In the current form, existing 2FA systems are defenseless against phishing attacks. They do not provide any visual indicator to the user to check the website’s validity before logging in during phishing attacks. This exposes the user’s password during the phishing attack. Two-factor authentication needs to be enhanced to provide a mechanism to detect phishing attacks without adding a significant burden on the user. This research paper will propose a novel 2-FA TOTP mechanism to provide a subconscious indicator during a phishing attack. In comparison, the new proposed novel approach provides better security against phishing attack. Lastly, the mathematical analysis is performed to understand the TOTP variance and validate the security considerations against the existing 2FA systems with respect to adversary attack.

关键词： Two Factor Authentication 2FA Phishing Attack Fixed 2FA TOTP HMAC

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Ebola virus disease: past, present and future

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2015年第5期5卷 337-343页

作者： Harish Rajak Deepak Kumar Jain Avineesh Singh Ajay Kumar Sharma Anshuman dixit Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Guru Ghasidas University Department of Pharmacy G.S.V.M. Medical College Institute of Life Sciences

Ebola virus disease is one of the most deadly ailments known to mankind due to its high mortality rate(up to 90%) accompanying with the disease. Ebola haemorrhagic fever(EHF) is an infectious disease of animal that can be transmitted to both human and non-human primates. The first epidemic of EHF occurred in 1976 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The incubation period of ebola is less than 21 days. Ebola virus infections are depicted by immune suppression and a systemic inflammatory response that leads to damage of the vascular, coagulation and immune systems, causing multi-organ failure and shock. Five genetically distinct members of the Filoviridae family responsible for EHF are as follows: Zaire ebolavirus, Sudan ebolavirus, C?te d'Ivoire ebolavirus, Bundibugyo ebolavirus and Reston ebolavirus. The ongoing 2014 West Africa ebola epidemic has been considered as the most serious panic in the medical field with respect to both the number of human cases and death toll. The natural host for ebola virus is unknown, thus it is not possible to carry out programs to regulate or abolish virus from transmission to people. The ebola virus infection provides little chance to develop acquired immunity causing rapid progression of the disease. It is pertinent to mention that at present, there is no antiviral therapy or vaccine that is helpful against ebola virus infection in humans. The impediment of EHF necessitates much better understanding of the epidemiology of the disease, particularly the role of wildlife, as well as bats, in the spread of ebola virus to humans.

关键词： Ebola virus disease Ebola haemorrhagic fever Ebola virus Filoviridae

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Sequential maximum androgen blockade(MAB) in minimally symptomatic prostate cancer progressing after initial MAB: two case reports

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2014年第4期11卷 277-280页

作者： Mohan Hingorani Sanjay dixit Fahim Bashir Mohammad Butt Simon Hawkyard Richard Khafagy Andrew Robertson Department of Clinical Oncology Castle Hill Hospital Department of Urology Scarborough General Hospital

＂Ihe management of castrate-resistant prostate cancer progressing after maximum androgen blockade （MAB） has evolved in the last decade with the development of several novel therapeutic options. However, the initial therapeutic strategy in these patients usually involves withdrawal of anti-androgen that can be associated with biochemical response in approximately 20% of patients. Notably; we have observed evidence of sustained biochemical response in two patients following second- and third-line MAB using rechallenge schedule of previously administered anti-androgen after latent interval. The possibility of response following sequential MAB using the same anti-androgen agent has not yet been reported.

关键词： Prostate cancer castrate resistance maximum androgen blockade (MAB)

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Pseudomonas fluorescens-like bacteria from the stomach:A microbiological and molecular study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第7期19卷 1056-1067页

作者： Saurabh Kumar Patel Chandra Bhan Pratap Ajay Kumar Verma Ashok Kumar Jain Vinod Kumar dixit Gopal Nath Department of Microbiology Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi UP 221005India Department of Gastroenterology Institute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu UniversityVaranasi UP 221005India

AIM:To characterize oxidase-and urease-producing bacterial isolates,grown aerobically,that originated from antral biopsies of patients suffering from acid peptic ***:A total of 258 antral biopsy specimens were subjected to isolation of bacteria followed by tests for oxidase and urease production,acid tolerance and aerobic *** selected isolates were further characterized by molecular techniques *** for 16S rRNA using universal eubacterial and HSP60 gene specific *** amplicons were subjected to restriction analysis and partial sequencing.A phylogenetic tree was generated using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean(UPGMA) from evolutionary distance computed with bootstrap test of *** of acidity tolerance of bacteria isolated from antrum was performed using hydrochloric acid from 10-7 mol/L to 10-1 mol/***:Of the 258 antral biopsy specimens collected from patients,179(69.4%) were positive for urease production by rapid urease test and 31%(80/258) yielded typical Helicobacter pylori(***) after 5-7 d of incubation under a microaerophilic environment.A total of 240(93%) antral biopsies yielded homogeneous semi-translucent and small colonies after overnight *** partial 16S rRNA sequences revealed that the isolates had 99% similarity with Pseudomonas species.A phylogenetic tree on the basis of 16S rRNA sequences denoted that JQ927226 and JQ927227 were likely to be related to Pseudomonas fluorescens(***).On the basis ofHSP60 sequences applied to the UPGMA phylogenetic tree,it was observed that isolated strains in an aerobic environment were likely to be ***,and HSP60 sequences had more discriminatory potential rather than 16S rRNA ***,this bacterium was acid tolerant for hours at low ***,a total of 250(96.9%) genomic DNA samples of 258 biopsy specimens and DNA from 240 bacterial isolates were positive for the 613 bp amplicons by targetin

关键词： Antral biopsy Helicobacter pylori Pseudomonas fluorescens HSP60 Nested polymerase chain reaction Acid-tolerant bacteria

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Morphological and mechanical characterization of a PMMA/CdS nanocomposite

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2011年第2期5卷 258-263页

作者： Vishal MATHUR Manasvi dixit K.S.RATHORE N.S.SAXENA K.B.SHARMA Semi-conductor&Polymer Science Laboratory 5-6Vigyan BhawanUniversity of RajasthanRajasthan 302004India

Thickﬁlm of poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)/CdS nanocomposite have been synthesized by the solution casting *** nanostructure of the CdS particles has been ascertained through the small angle X-ray scattering(SAXS)*** surface morpholo-gical characterization of the PMMA/CdS nanocomposite has been done through scanning electron microscopy(SEM)*** variation of mechanical loss factor(Tanδ)with temperature and tensile properties of prepared samples have been studied using Dynamic Mechanical Analyzer(DMA).This study reveals that the glass transition temperature(Tg),Young’s modulus,and fracture energy of the PMMA/CdS nanocomposite are greatly inﬂuenced by the existence of interfacial energetic interaction between dispersed CdS nanoparticles and the matrix of PMMA.

关键词： poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA) ﬁller nanoparticles polymer semiconducting nanocomposite tensile properties glass transition temperature

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Development and Evaluation of Self-propelled Cabbage/Cauliflower Harvester

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NASS Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2022年第1期4卷 56-63页

作者： Jagvir dixit Naieam Jan Rawat Division of Farm Machinery and Power Engineering College of Agricultural Engineering&TechnologySKUAST-KSrinagar(J&K)India

In the present study,self-propelled cabbage/cauliflower harvester was designed,developed and *** machine consisted of different components like engine,frame,shearing(cutting)unit and power transmission *** power transmission unit consisted of main clutch,shearing blade operating clutch,belt drive unit,chain and sprocket drive,universal joint and cutter blade *** main working principle of harvester is based on shearing of crop stem against high-speed rotating *** power from the engine is transmitted by belt-pulley drive unit to transmission shaft on which chain and sprocket is mounted on one side and then power is transmitted to shearing blade coupling with the help of a stationary pulley and fixed *** mean head diameter of the selected cabbage and cauliflower was 89.5±15.24 mm and 107.5±15.24 mm,*** mean stem(plant)diameter of the selected cabbage and cauliflower was 18±4.85 mm and 21.5±3.08 mm,*** shearing force increased with increase in diameter of *** optimum performance of the machine was achieved when it was operated at 1.5 km/h forward speed and the shearing blade moving at speed of 147 *** mean field capacity for developed prototype was observed as 0.063 ha/h and 0.053 in case of cabbage and cauliflower,respectively with field efficiency of 91.97 and 90.48%.The average head damage was negligible(0.15%)for both the *** average untrimmed percentage with developed harvester was 3.2 and 3.0%in case of cabbage and cauliflower crop,*** developed machine helps to increase the field capacity in cabbage/cauliflower harvesting due to 7-times more capacity and 50%cheaper compared to traditional method of cabbage/cauliflower *** the operating condition of forward speed(1.5 km/h)and shearing blade speed(147 rpm),the machine could harvest 0.5 ha of cabbage and 0.42 ha of cauliflower farm per day of *** same task would have required between 15 labour per day if

关键词： Self-propelled Harvester Cabbage/cauliflower Field capacity Field efficiency Untrimmed percentage

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Advances in Oligoprotection

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Neuroscience & Medicine 2011年第2期2卷 93-103页

作者： Hong Liao dixit Sanjaya Mani 不详

Oligodendrocytes, the myelinating glial cells of the nervous system, in various disease states display great vulnerability to excitotoxic damage, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines. Besides demyelinating diseases where oligoden-drocyte injury is primarily implicated, damage to them also occurs secondarily in various neuropathies. Oligoprotec-tion should, therefore, be looked into something not just as a means for protecting oligodendrocytes alone but also as a common target of protecting neurons and the neurogliovascular unit as a whole. In this review, we provide a descrip-tion on oligodendrocytes, the reasons for their vulnerability, the evolving new concepts of protecting neurovascular unit and recently neurogliovascular unit;the various diseases where oligodendrocyte injury is implicated with a brief idea on different injury mechanisms of oligodendrocytes. Finally, we present the summary of the drugs that have shown promising results in protecting oligodendrocytes or in protecting white matter as a whole in different in-vivo and in-vitro models.

关键词： Oligodendrocytes neurovascular unit oxidative stress excitotoxicity demyelinating diseases stroke spinal cord injury neuropharmacology

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Antioxidant Potential Some Medicinal Plants of Central India

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2010年第2期1卷 87-90页

作者： Savita dixit Huma Ali Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal Bhopal India Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal Bhopal India.

Cellular damage or oxidative injury arising from free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) now appears the fun-damental mechanism underlying a number of human neurodegenerative disorder, diabetes, inflammation, viral infec-tions, autoimmune pathologies and digestive system disorders. Free radicals are generated through normal metabolism of drugs, environmental chemicals and other xenobiotics as well as endogenous chemicals, especially stress hormones (adrenalin and noradrenalin). Accumulated evidence suggests that ROS can be scavenged through chemoprevention utilizing natural antioxidant compounds present in foods and medicinal plants. In this review, research on the antioxi-dant potential of some medicinal plants of origin of Central India is considered.

关键词： Medicinal Plants Antioxidant Activity Chemoprevention Neurodegenerative Diseases Central India

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An Experimental Study of Microstructure through SEM and AFM by Interaction from High Power Femtosecond Laser Wave with BaTiO₃

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Journal of Modern Physics 2016年第10期7卷 1068-1081页

作者： Shivani Saxena Sanjay dixit Sanjay Srivastava Department of Physics Government Motilal Vigyan Mahavidyalaya College Barkatullah University Bhopal India Department of Material Science & Metallurgical Engineering Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal India

This paper deals with the interaction of femtosecond laser with strain dependent high dielectric material. For this investigation, ferroelectric material like BaTiO3 has been chosen because of centrosymmetric structure. Due to irradiation of laser light, the micro-structure of BaTiO3 is found to change along the direction of heat propagation. SEM and AFM tools have been used to detect the morphology and roughness of the femotosecond laser treated BaTiO3. The change of morphology and surface behavior depends upon the laser fluence and intensity of laser light. The maximum change in morphology has been observed at a higher laser fluence.

关键词： BaTiO3 Femtosecond Laser Laser Fluence Ablated Areas

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