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Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Model-Based Prediction for Protein Content in Cowpea

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 145-160页

作者： Kavera Biradar Waltram Ravelombola aurora Manley Caroline Ruhl Texas A&M AgriLife Research Vernon TX USA University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad India Department of Soil and Crop Sciences Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is a multi-purpose legume with high quality protein for human consumption and livestock. The objective of this work was to develop near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) prediction models to estimate protein content in cowpea. A total of 116 cowpea breeding lines with a wide range of protein contents (19.28 % to 32.04%) were selected to build the model using whole seed and ground seed samples. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) regression technique with different pre-treatments (derivatives, standard normal variate, and multiplicative scatter correction) were carried out to develop the protein prediction model. Results showed: 1) spectral plots of both the whole seed and ground seed showed higher spectral scatter at higher wavelengths (>1450 nm), 2) data pre-processing affects prediction accuracy for bot whole seed and ground seed samples, 3) prediction using ground seed samples (0.64 R2 0.85) is better than the whole seed (0.33 R2 0.78), and 4) the data pre-processing second derivative with standard normal variate has the best prediction (R2_whole seed = 0.78, R2_ground seed = 0.85). The results will be of interest in cowpea breeding programs aimed at improving total seed protein content.

关键词： Cowpea Germplasm Protein Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Partial Least Squares (PLS)

Converting TRex-RGB green-channel data to 557.7 nm auroral intensity:Methodology and initial results

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earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 258-274页

作者： Jun Liang D.M.Gillies e.Spanswick e.F.Donovan University of Calgary CalgaryT2N 1N4Canada

The recently deployed Transition Region explorer(TRex)-RGB(red-green-blue)all-sky imager(ASI)is designed to capture“true color”images of the aurora and airglow.Because the 557.7 nm green line is usually the brightest emission line in visible auroras,the green channel of a TRex-RGB camera is usually dominated by the 557.7 nm emission.Under this rationale,the TRex mission does not include a specific 557.7 nm imager and is designed to use the RGB green-channel data as a proxy for the 557.7 nm aurora.In this study,we present an initial effort to establish the conversion ratio or formula linking the RGB green-channel data to the absolute intensity of 557.7 nm auroras,which is crucial for quantitative uses of the RGB data.We illustrate two approaches:(1)through a comparison with the collocated measurement of green-line auroras from the TRex spectrograph,and(2)through a comparison with the modeled green-line intensity according to realistic electron precipitation flux measurements from low-earth-orbit satellites,with the aid of an auroral transport model.We demonstrate the procedures and provide initial results for the TRex-RGB ASIs at the Rabbit Lake and Lucky Lake stations.The RGB response is found to be nonlinear.empirical conversion ratios or formulas between RGB green-channel data and the green-line auroral intensity are given and can be applied immediately by TRex-RGB data users.The methodology established in this study will also be applicable to the upcoming SMILe ASI mission,which will adopt a similar RGB camera system in its deployment.

关键词： TRex RGB green-line aurora auroral transport model

Development of donor specific antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination:What do we know so far?

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World Journal of Meta-Analysis 2024年第2期12卷 1-4页

作者： Ahmed Daoud Karim Soliman Maria aurora Posadas Salas Sakshi Vaishnav Genta Uehara AhmedAbdelkader Tibor Fulop Michael J Casey Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC 29425United States Department of Medicine Cairo University Medical SchoolCairo 11211Egypt Department of Medicine Medical ServicesRalph H.Johnson VA Medical CenterCharlestonSC 29425United States Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyMedical ServicesRalph H.Johnson VA Medical CenterCharlestonSC 29425United States

Vaccination against Coronavirus disease-19(COVID-19)was pivotal to limit spread,morbidity and mortality.Our aim is to find out whether vaccines against COVID-19 lead to an immunological response stimulating the production of de novo donor specific antibodies(DSAs)or increase in mean fluorescence intensity(MFI)of pre-existing DSAs in kidney transplant recipients(KTRs).This study involved a detailed literature search through December 2nd,2023 using PubMed as the primary database.The search strategy incorporated a combination of relevant Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords:"COVID-19","SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination","Kidney,Renal Transplant",and"Donor specific antibodies".The results from related studies were collated and analyzed.A total of 6 studies were identified,encompassing 460 KTRs vaccinated against COVID-19.Immunological responses were detected in 8 KTRs of which 5 had increased MFIs,1 had de novo DSA,and 2 were categorized as either having de novo DSA or increased MFI.There were 48 KTRs with pre-existing DSAs prior to vaccination,but one study(Massa et al)did not report whether pre-existing DSAs were associated with post vaccination outcomes.Of the remaining 5 studies,35 KTRs with pre-existing DSAs were identified of which 7 KTRs(20%)developed de novo DSAs or increased MFIs.Overall,no immunological response was detected in 452(98.3%)KTRs.Our study affirms prior reports that COVID-19 vaccination is safe for KTRs,especially if there are no pre-existing DSAs.However,if KTRs have pre-existing DSAs,then an increased immunological risk may be present.These findings need to be taken cautiously as they are based on a limited number of patients so further studies are still needed for confirmation.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination Kidney Renal transplant Donor specific antibodies

Injectable versus oral first-line multiple sclerosis therapies:knows and unknowns from observational studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第3期17卷 567-568页

作者： emanuele D’Amico aurora zanghì Carlo Avolio Department“G.F.Ingrassia” MS CenterUniversity of CataniaCataniaItaly Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Foggia Multiple Sclerosis Center Department of NeurosciencesPoliclinico Riuniti HospitalFoggiaItaly

The approval of oral disease modifying therapies(DMTs) for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis(RRMS) has changed considerably the therapeutic scenario and they often represent the first therapeutic choice for patie... 详细信息

关键词： al. therapies sclerosis

Parking Availability Prediction with Coarse-Grained Human Mobility Data

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 4355-4375页

作者： aurora Gonzalez-Vidal Fernando Terroso-Sáenz Antonio Skarmeta University of Murcia Murcia30003Spain Universidad Católica de Murcia(UCAM) Murcia30107Spain

Nowadays,the anticipation of parking-space demand is an instrumental service in order to reduce traffic congestion levels in urban spaces.The purpose of our work is to study,design and develop a parking-availability predictor that extracts the knowledge from human mobility data,based on the anonymized human displacements of an urban area,and also from weather conditions.Most of the existing solutions for this prediction take as contextual data the current road-traffic state defined at very high temporal or spatial resolution.However,access to this type of fine-grained location data is usually quite limited due to several economic or privacy-related restrictions.To overcome this limitation,our proposal uses urban areas that are defined at very low spatial and temporal resolution.We conducted several experiments using three Artificial Neural Networks:Multilayer Perceptron,Gated Recurrent Units and bidirectional Long Short Term Memory networks and we tested their suitability using different combinations of inputs.several metrics are provided for the sake of comparison within our study and between other studies.The solution has been evaluated in a real-world testbed in the city of Murcia(Spain)integrating an open human-mobility dataset showing high accuracy.A MAPe between 4%and 10%was reported in horizons of 1 to 3 h.

关键词： Parking space human mobility mining recurrent neural networks prediction

exploring unconventional attributes of red blood cells and their potential applications in biomedicine

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Protein & Cell 2024年第5期15卷 315-330页

作者： Alkmini T.Anastasiadi Vasiliki-zoi Arvaniti Krystalyn e.Hudson Anastasios G.Kriebardis Constantinos Stathopoulos Angelo D’Alessandro Steven L.Spitalnik Vassilis L.Tzounakas Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineUniversity of Patras26504 PatrasGreece Department of Pathology and Cell Biology Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew York CityNY 10032USA Laboratory of Reliability and Quality Control in Laboratory Hematology(HemQcR) Department of Biomedical SciencesSchool of Health&Caring SciencesUniversity of West Attica(UniWA)12243 EgaleoGreece Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus13001 AuroraCOUSA Present address:Institute for Fundamental Biomedical Research(IFBR) Biomedical Sciences Research Center“Alexander Fleming”Vari11527 AthensGreece

We need to talk about red blood cells.eukaryotic cells are defined as cells containing distinct nuclei and other membranous organelles.However,red blood cells(RBCs)lack a nucleus and organelles—perhaps to limit the generation of reactive oxygen species(zhang et al.,2011)—and are filled with hemoglobin(Hb).This oxygen carrier is limited to the cytosol by the cell membrane and cytoskeleton,which maintain cellular integrity and deformability as RBCs pass through narrow capillaries(Gratzer,1994)to perform their primary function of gas exchange.

关键词： al. membranous maintain

BK viral infection: A review of management and treatment

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World Journal of Transplantation 2023年第6期13卷 309-320页

作者： June Hayrelle Gorriceta Amy Lopez Otbo Genta Uehara Maria aurora Posadas Salas Department of Medicine St Francis Hospital-BartlettBartlettTN 38133United States Department of Medicine St.Luke’s Medical CenterQuezon 1112Philippines Department of Medicine Division of NephrologyMedical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSC 29425United States

BK viral infection remains to be a challenging post-transplant infection,which can result in kidney dysfunction.The mainstay approach to BK infection is reduction of immunosuppression.Alterations in immunosuppressive regimen with minimization of calcineurin inhibitors,use of mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors,and leflunomide have been attempted with variable outcomes.Over the past few years,investigators have explored potential therapeutic options for BK infection.Fluoroquinolone prophylaxis and treatment was found to have no benefit in kidney transplant recipients.The utility of cidofovir is limited by its nephrotoxicity.Intravenous immunoglobulin is becoming a popular option for treatment and prophylaxis for BK infection,as it increases the neutralizing antibody titers against the most common BK virus serotypes.Virus-specific T cell therapy is an emerging treatment option for BK viremia.In this review,we will explore management and therapeutic options for BK infection and recent evidence available in literature.

关键词： BK infection Kidney transplant Treatment Management

Morphofunctional characterization of hemocytes in black soldier fly larvae

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Insect Science 2023年第4期30卷 912-932页

作者： Daniele Bruno aurora Montali Marzia Gariboldi Anna Katarzyna Wronska Agata Kaczmarek Amr Mohamed Ling Tian Morena Casarteli Gianluca Tettamanti Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences University of InsubriaVareseItaly Host Parasites Molecular Interaction Research Unit Witold Stefanski Institute of ParasitologyPolish Academy of SciencesWarsawPoland Department of entomology Faculty of ScienceCairo UniversityGizaEgypt Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding Guangdong Provincial Sericulture and Mulberry Engineering Research CenterCollege of Animal ScienceSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Biosciences University of MilanoMilanoItaly Interuniversity Centerfor Studies on Bioinspired Agro-environmental Technology(BAT Center) University of Napoli Federico llPorticiItaly

In insects,the cell-mediated immune response involves an active role of hemo-cytes in phagocytosis,nodulation,and encapsulation.Although these processes have been well documented in multiple species belonging to different insect orders,information con-cerning the immune response,particularly the hemocyte types and their specific function in the black soldier fly Hermetia illucens,is still limited.This is a serious gap in knowledge given the high economic relevance of H.illucens larvae in waste management strategies and considering that the saprophagous feeding habits of this dipteran species have likely shaped its immune system to efficiently respond to infections.The present study repre-sents the first detailed characterization of black soldier fly hemocytes and provides new insights into the cell-mediated immune response of this insect.In particular,in addition to prohemocytes,we identified five hemocyte types that mount the immune response in the larva,and analyzed their behavior,role,and morphofunctional changes in response to bac-terial infection and injection of chromatographic beads.Our results demonstrate that the circulating phagocytes in black soldier fly larvae are plasmatocytes.These cells also take part in nodulation and encapsulation with granulocytes and lamellocyte-like cells,devel-oping a starting core for nodule/capsule formation to remove/encapsulate large bacterial aggregates/pathogens from the hemolymph,respectively.These processes are supported by the release of melanin precursors from crystal cells and likely by mobilizing nutrient reserves in newly circulating adipohemocytes,which could thus trophically support other hemocytes during the immune response.Finally,the regulation of the cell-mediated im-mune response by eicosanoids was investigated.

关键词： eicosanoids encapsulation hemocytes Hermetia illucens immunity phagocytosis

Genetic variables of the glutamatergic system associated with treatment-resistant depression:A review of the literature

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第7期12卷 884-896页

作者： estela Saez Leire erkoreka Teresa Moreno-Calle Belen Berjano Ana Gonzalez-Pinto Nieves Basterreche aurora Arrue Department of Psychiatry Barrualde-Galdakao Integrated Health OrganizationOsakidetza-Basque Health ServiceGaldakao 48960Spain Mental Health Network Group Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research InstituteBarakaldo 48903Spain Department of Neurosciences University of the Basque Country UPV/EHULeioa 48940Spain Department of Psychiatry Araba Integrated Health OrganizationOsakidetza-Basque Health ServiceCIBERSAMVitoria-Gasteiz 01004Spain severe Mental Disorders Group Bioaraba Health Research InstituteVitoria-Gasteiz 01009Spain zamudio Hospital Bizkaia Mental Health NetworkOsakidetza-Basque Health ServiceZamudio 48170Spain Integrative Research Group in Mental Health Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research InstituteBarakaldo 48903Spain Neurochemical Research Unit Bizkaia Mental Health NetworkOsakidetza-Basque Health ServiceBarakaldo 48903Spain

Depression is a common,recurrent mental disorder and one of the leading causes of disability and global burden of disease worldwide.Up to 15%-40%of cases do not respond to diverse pharmacological treatments and,thus,can be defined as treatment-resistant depression(TRD).The development of biomarkers predictive of drug response could guide us towards personalized and earlier treatment.Growing evidence points to the involvement of the glutamatergic system in the pathogenesis of TRD.Specifically,the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor(NMDAR)andα-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor(AMPAR),which are targeted by ketamine and esketamine,are proposed as promising pathways.A literature search was performed to identify studies on the genetics of the glutamatergic system in depression,focused on variables related to NMDARs and AMPARs.Our review highlights GRIN2B,which encodes the NR2B subunit of NMDAR,as a candidate gene in the pathogenesis of TRD.In addition,several studies have associated genes encoding AMPAR subunits with symptomatic severity and suicidal ideation.These genes encoding glutamatergic receptors could,therefore,be candidate genes for understanding the etiopathogenesis of TRD,as well as for understanding the pharmacodynamic mechanisms and response to ketamine and esketamine treatment.

关键词： Genetics N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor Treatment-resistant depression Ketamine esketamine