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Microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract: Friend or foe?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第1期29卷 19-42页

作者： marina A Senchukova Department of Oncology Orenburg State Medical UniversityOrenburg 460000Russia

The gut microbiota is currently considered an external organ of the human body that provides important mechanisms of metabolic regulation and *** gut microbiota encodes over 3 million genes,which is approximately 150 times more than the total number of genes present in the human *** in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microbiome lead to disruption in the synthesis of key bacterial metabolites,changes in intestinal barrier function,and inflammation and can cause the development of a wide variety of diseases,such as diabetes,obesity,gastrointestinal disorders,cardiovascular issues,neurological disorders and oncological *** this review,I consider issues related to the role of the microbiome in the regulation of intestinal barrier function,its influence on physiological and pathological processes occurring in the body,and potential new therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring the gut ***,it is important to understand that the gut microbiota and human body should be considered as a single biological system,where change of one element will inevitably affect its other ***,the study of the impact of the intestinal microbiota on health should be considered only taking into account numerous factors,the role of which has not yet been fully elucidated.

关键词： Gut microbiota Bacterial metabolites Intestinal barrier Dysbiosis Fecal microbiota transplantation Probiotics

Genetic heterogeneity of colorectal cancer and the microbiome

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2023年第3期15卷 443-463页

作者： marina A Senchukova Department of Oncology Orenburg State Medical UniversityOrenburg 460000Russia

In 2020,the International Agency for Research on Cancer and the World Health Organization's GLOBOCAN database ranked colorectal cancer(CRC)as the third most common cancer in the *** cases of CRC(>95%)are sporadic and develop from colorectal polyps that can progress to intramucosal carcinoma and *** evidence is accumulating that the gut microbiota can play a key role in the initiation and progression of CRC,as well as in the treatment of CRC,acting as an important metabolic and immunological *** that may determine the microbiota role in CRC carcinogenesis include inflammation,changes in intestinal stem cell function,impact of bacterial metabolites on gut mucosa,accumulation of genetic mutations and other *** this review,I discuss the major mechanisms of the development of sporadic CRC,provide detailed characteristics of the bacteria that are most often associated with CRC,and analyze the role of the microbiome and microbial metabolites in inflammation initiation,activation of proliferative activity in intestinal epithelial and stem cells,and the development of genetic and epigenetic changes in CRC.I consider longterm studies in this direction to be very important,as they open up new opportunities for the treatment and prevention of CRC.

关键词： Gut microbiota Bacterial metabolites Colorectal cancer Colorectal polyp Stem cells Epigenetic changes

CMT1A current gene therapy approaches and promising biomarkers

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第7期18卷 1434-1440页

作者： marina Stavrou Kleopas AKleopa Neuroscience Department The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus Center for Neuromuscular Disorders The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and GeneticsNicosiaCyprus

Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathies(CMT)constitute a group of common but highly heterogeneous,non-syndromic genetic disorders affecting predominantly the peripheral nervous *** type 1A(CMT1A)is the most frequent type and accounts for almost~50%of all diagnosed CMT ***1A results from the duplication of the peripheral myelin protein 22(PMP22)*** of PMP22 protein overloads the protein folding apparatus in Schwann cells and activates the unfolded protein *** leads to Schwann cell apoptosis,dys-and de-myelination and secondary axonal degeneration,ultimately causing neurological *** the last decades,several different gene therapies have been developed to treat *** all of them remain at the pre-clinical stage using CMT1A animal models overexpressing *** therapeutic goal is to achieve gene silencing,directly or indirectly,thereby reversing the CMT1A genetic mechanism allowing the recovery of myelination and prevention of axonal *** promising treatments are rapidly emerging,treatment-responsive and clinically relevant biomarkers are becoming *** biomarkers and sensitive clinical evaluation tools will facilitate the design and successful completion of future clinical trials for CMT1A.

关键词： axonal degeneration biomarkers Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease gene therapy inherited neuropathy mouse models

Global-in-time Uniform Convergence for Linear Hyperbolic-Parabolic Singular Perturbations

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2006年第4期22卷 1161-1170页

作者： marina GHISI Massimo GOBBINO Universitàdegli Studi di Pisa Dipartimento di Matematicavia M.Buonarroti 256127 PISAItaly Universitàdegli Studi di Pisa Dipartimento di Matematica Applicata "Ulisse Dini"via Bonanno 25/B56126 PISAItaly

We consider the Cauchy problem εu^″ε ＋ δu′ε ＋ Auε = 0, uε（0） = uo, u′ε（0） = ul, where ε 〉 0, δ 〉 0, H is a Hilbert space, and A is a self-adjoint linear non-negative operator on H with dense domain D（A）. We study the convergence of （uε） to the solution of the limit problem ,δu＇＋ Au = 0, u（0） = u0. For initial data （u0, u1） ∈ D（A1/2）× H, we prove global-in-time convergence with respect to strong topologies. Moreover, we estimate the convergence rate in the case where （u0, u1）∈ D（A3/2） ∈ D（A1/2）, and we show that this regularity requirement is sharp for our estimates. We give also an upper bound for ｜u′ε（t）｜ which does not depend on ε.

关键词： Parabolic equations Damped hyperbolic equations Singular perturbations

The SO(3,1)-Gauge Invariant Approach to Fermions on Rindler Spacetime

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Chinese Physics Letters 2016年第2期33卷 1-4页

作者： Ciprian Dariescu marina-Aura Dariescu Faculty of Physics Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi

We try to explicitly derive the Lorentz-gauge covariant Dirac equation, in terms of pseudo-orthonormal bases, on Rindler spacetime and to work out, with all the necessary coefficients, the respective closed-form solut... 详细信息

关键词： in with as of form Gauge Invariant Approach to Fermions on Rindler Spacetime The SO on

Chiral Fermion Conductivity in Graphene-Like Samples Subjected to Orthogonal Fields

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第1期29卷 20-23页

作者： Ciprian Dariescu marina-Aura Dariescu Faculty of Physics Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of IaşiBd.Carol I No.11700506 IaşiRomania

Starting with the U(1)-gauge covariant four-dimensional Dirac equation,we derive the analytic solutions describing the chiral massless fermions evolving in static orthogonal magnetic and electric *** in cylindric coordinates,we compute the electric current density essential component and the off-diagonal *** summing up the conductivities of the two distinct species of electrons connected to the orientation of spin,the well-known 4n-quantization law is restored.

关键词： Fermi diagonal Conductivity

Unsteady Inflow Effects on the Wake Shed from a High-Lift LPT Blade Subjected to Boundary Layer Laminar Separation

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Journal of Thermal Science 2012年第2期21卷 97-108页

作者： Francesca Satta marina Ubaldi Pietro Zunino Università degli Studi di Genova

An experimental investigation on the near and far wake of a cascade of high-lift low-pressure turbine blades subjected to boundary layer separation over the suction side surface has been carried out, under steady and unsteady inflows. Two Reynolds number conditions, representative of take-off/landing and cruise operating conditions of the real engine, have been tested. The effect of upstream wake-boundary layer interaction on the wake shed from the profile has been investigated in a three-blade large-scale linear turbine cascade. The comparison between the wakes shed under steady and unsteady inflows has been performed through the analysis of mean velocity and Reynolds stress components measured at midspan of the central blade by means of a two-component crossed miniature hot-wire probe. The wake development has been analyzed in the region between 2% and 100% of the blade chord from the central blade trailing edge, aligned with the blade exit direction. Wake integral parameters, half-width and maximum velocity defects have been evaluated from the mean velocity distributions to quantify the modifications induced on the vane wake by the upstream wake. Moreover the thicknesses of the two wake shear layers have been considered separately in order to identify the effects of Reynolds number and incoming flow on the wake shape. The self-preserving state of the wake has been looked at, taking into account the different thicknesses of the two shear layers. The evaluation of the power density spectra of the velocity fluctuations allowed the study of the wake unsteady behavior, and the detection of the effects induced by the different operating conditions on the trailing edge vortex shedding.

关键词： Wake-wake unsteady interaction high-lift blade profiles low-pressure turbine blade wake.

Measurements of Laminar Burning Velocities of Alternative Fuels:Application in Transport and Aerospace

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第2期32卷 503-512页

作者： RICHTER Sandra BRAUN-UNKHOFF marina NAUMANN Clemens German Aerospace Center(DLR) Institute of Combustion TechnologyDepartment of Chemical Kinetics and AnalyticsStuttgart 70569Germany

The laminar burning velocity belongs to the fundamental combustion properties of fuels being a measure for their heat release,flame length,as well as reactivity and combustion stability,and thus,may impact the design of burners and combustion ***,these experimental data are needed for the validation and optimization within the construction and development of detailed chemical kinetic reaction *** this study,an overview of the different applications of fuel characterization regarding the specific area of interest(road transport,aviation,and aerospace)will be *** on the application,effects of different molecular characteristics on the laminar burning velocity are evaluated:the presence of oxygen atoms and the grade of branching in a specific fuel molecule as well as the difference in the type of a chemical bond,here,single and double *** of alternative fuels being discussed in the present study are:(Ⅰ)oxymethylene ether(OMEn)in the field of road transport;(Ⅱ)a paraffinic Alcohol-to-Jet fuel as sustainable aviation fuel;and(Ⅲ)mixtures of ethane or ethene with nitrous oxide as green propellants for rocket propulsion applications.

关键词： laminar burning velocity alternative sustainable fuels road transport aviation fuels green propellants

Synthetic lethality by PARP inhibitors: new mechanism uncovered based on unresolved transcription-replication conflicts

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第8期9卷 3163-3164页

作者： marina Kolesnichenko Claus Scheidereit Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology Charite-Universitatsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany Laboratory for Signal Transduction in Tumor Cells Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association(MDC)BerlinGermany

In a landmark study recently published in Nature,Petropoulous et *** that synthetic lethality of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP)inhibitors in cells with defective homologous recombination repair(HR)results predominantly from transcription replication conflicts(TRC)and not,as previously proposed,from PARP trapping on DNA(Fig.1).The article unveils a new mechanism behind synthetic lethality of PARP inhibitors with relevance for cancer therapy.

关键词： PARP mechanism