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Low prevalence of epilepsy and onchocerciasis after more than 20 years of ivermectin treatment in the Imo River Basin in Nigeria

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第1期8卷 36-44页

作者： Joseph N.F.Siewe Chinyere N.Ukaga Ernest O.Nwazor Murphy O.Nwoke Modebelu C.Nwokeji Blessing C.Onuoha Simon O.Nwanjor Joel Okeke Kate Osahor Lilian Chimechefulam Ann I.Ogomaka augustine a.amaechi Chika I.Ezenwa Monika N.Ezike Chidimma I.kpeama Ogechi Nwachukwu Austine I.Eriama-Joseph Berthram E.B.Nwoke Robert Colebunders Global Health Institute University of AntwerpCam pus Drie EikenDoornstraat 3312610 WilrijkAntwerpBelgium Imo State University OwerriNigeria Federal Medical Centre OwerriNigeria Madonna University Teaching Hospital EleleNigeria Imo State Ministry of Health OwerriNigeria

Background:High epilepsy prevalence and incidence have been reported in areas with high onchocerciasis *** findings suggest that proper community-directed treatment with ivermectin(CDTI)is potentially able to prevent onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE).We assessed the epilepsy prevalence and onchocerciasis transmission in two Nigerian villages following more than 20 years of ***:A cross-sectional door-to-door survey was performed in two villages in the Imo River Basin reported to be mesoendomic for onchocerciasis(Umuoparaodu and Umuezeala).Individuals were screened for epilepsy using a validated 5-item *** suspected to have epilepsy were examined by a neurologist or a physician with training in epilepsy for *** was investigated via skin snip microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests for Ov16 *** were compared with previous findings from the Imo river ***:A total of 843 individuals from 257 households in the two villages were *** detected four persons with epilepsy(PWE)giving a crude epilepsy prevalence of 0.5%.This finding differs from observations reported 14 years ago which showed an epilepsy prevalence of 2.8%in the neighbouring village of Umulolo(P=0.0001),and 1.2%from 13 villages in the Imo river basin(P=0.07).The seroprevalence of Ov16 antibodies was found to be 0%.Only 4.6%of skin snips were positive compared to 26.8%in previous surveys(P<0.0001).Ivermectin mass distribution coverage in the study sites in 2017 was 79.7%.Conclusions:A low epilepsy and onchocerciasis prevalence was observed following more than 20 years of CDTI in the Imo River *** of Ov16 antibodies indicates minimal transmission of *** results contrast with observations from areas of high onchocerciasis transmission,where epilepsy prevalence and incidence remain *** from this study suggest that sustained efforts could eventually achieve elimination of onch

关键词： Epilepsy Onchocerciasis Nigeria Ivermectin Ov16

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Rare earth nanostructures based on PrO_x/CNT composites as potential electrodes for an asymmetric pseudocapacitor cell

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Journal of Rare Earths 2020年第6期38卷 625-632页

作者： Anjali Paravannoor Chippy Alphons augustine N.Ponpandian School of Chemical Sciences Swami Anandatheertha CampusKannur University.Edat P 0KeralaIndia Department of Nanoscience and Technology Bharathiar UniversityCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia

Rare earth metal oxides have been widely used as pseudocapacitor electrodes owing to their unique physical and electronic *** present paper reports the synthesis and pseudocapacitor applications of praseodymium oxides,owing to their unique physical ***/unzipped carbonnanotubes were synthesized following a hydrothermal *** morphological as well as electrochemical analyses were performed to elucidate how the unique properties of PrOx affect the charge storage *** emphasis was given on the effect of anion intercalation due to the surface oxygen vacancies in PrOx which would contribute towards the pseudocapacitive energy *** intercalation was exploited for the first time in fluorite crystals for fast energy storage and a specific capacitance value as high as 1099 F/g was obtained with the *** asymmetric supercapacitor prototype was also fabricated with a V2 O5/graphene counter electrode and the energy and power density values obtained are as high as 52.08 Wh/kg and 2.9 kW/kg,respectively.

关键词： PrO_x Carbon nanotubes Supercapacitor Anion intercalation Graphene Rare earths

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On the Lorentz factor of superluminal sources

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2013年第5期13卷 509-516页

作者： Chika Christian Onuchukwu augustine A. Ubachukwu Department of Industrial Physics Anambra State University Uli Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Nigeria Nsukka

We investigate the properties of features seen within superluminal sources often referred to as components. Our result indicates a fairly strong correlation of r ～ 0.5 for quasars, r ～ 0.4 for galaxies and r ～ 0.7 for BL Lac objects in our sam- ple between component sizes and distances from the stationary core. The assumption of free adiabatic expanding plasma enables us to constrain the Lorentz factor for su- perluminal sources. Our estimated Lorentz factor of y ～ 9-13 for quasars, 7 ～ 7-11 for galaxies and y～ 4 - 9 for BL Lac objects indicates that BL Lacs have the lowest range of Lorentz factors.

关键词： galaxies: general -- galaxies: active -- galaxies: jets -- methods: ana-lytical -- methods: statistical -- methods: data analysis

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The assessment of heavy metal pollution in river sands of Jalingo,Nigeria using magnetic proxy parameters,pollution,and ecotoxicological indices

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Acta Geochimica 2022年第6期41卷 1083-1103页

作者： Maxwell O.Kanu augustine A.Abong Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceTaraba State UniversityP.M.B.1167JalingoTaraba StateNigeria Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceCross River University of TechnologyP.M.B.1123CalabarNigeria

The measurement of environmental magnetic properties and metal contents of sands from Nukkai(NKR),Mayo-Gwoi(RMYG)and Lamurde(LR)rivers located in Jalingo,Nigeria are *** seek to determine the extent of anthropogenic impact on the river sands using magnetic-proxy-parameters,pollution and ecotoxicological indices and multivariate *** of magnetic susceptibilityχ,frequency-dependentsusceptibilityχfd%,anhystericremanent magnetization,isothernal remanent magnetization and X-ray fluorescence were *** average values of theχ(in×10^(-8)m^(3)kg^(-1))were 24.53,12.76 and 39.27 for NKR,RMYG and LR sites respectively,implying that the magnetic minerals in the sands were mostly *** meanχfd%value of 2.64%,4.85%and 3.53%for NKR,RMYG and LR respectively suggest that the study area was dominated by multi-domain magnetic grain *** value of the S-ratio is~1 in all river samples,suggesting that low coercivity magnetic minerals(e.g.,magnetite)dominated the *** mean concentrations of Ti,Zr,Sn,Ba and Pb were higher than the background values in the studied *** the estimated pollution indices puts the level of pollution of the river sands between low and moderate pollution with Sn,Ba and Pb as the elements of *** sources of metal contents such as fertilizers,pesticides,waste dumps and vehicular sources *** *** positive correlations between magnetic parameters(particularly,SIRM)and some heavy metals and pollution/ecotoxicological indices were obtained,showing that magnetic methods could be used as a geochemical proxy for pollution assessment.

关键词： Magnetic susceptibility Ecotoxicological risk index Pollution index Heavy metals pollution River

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Natural regeneration in logging gaps of different sizes in Subri River Forest Reserve(Ghana)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1157-1174页

作者： Maame Esi Hammond Radek Pokorný Simon Abugre augustine Gyedu Department of Silviculture Faculty of Forestry and Wood TechnologyMendel University in BrnoZemědělská361300 BrnoCzech Republic Department of Forest Science School of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Energy and Natural ResourcesP.O.Box 214SunyaniGhana Forest Services Division(FSD) P.M.BKumasiGhana

Subri River Forest Reserve(SR)is the most extensive forest area in Ghana with an accompanying rich floral *** the years,logging from both legally prescribed and illegal operations remain the predominant forest disturbance in *** creation following logging is crucial in determining tree species composition and ***,the study evaluated the composition and diversity of naturally regenerated tree species in logging gaps of different sizes and,again examined the roles of these tree species in fulfilling the economic and ecological agenda of sustainable forest management after logging in *** gaps were randomly selected:4 each were grouped into small size(≤200 m^(2)),medium size(201–300 m^(2)),and large size(≥300 m^(2)).Data were gathered from 1 m^(2) circular area at gap centres and repeatedly inside 1 m width strip along 20 m individual N-S-E-W *** diversity differed significantly between gap *** diversity indices were measured in large size *** sizes shared similar *** were significant differences among various height groupings of tree species across all three gap *** preferred medium to large size gaps,while shadetolerant tree species preferred small size gaps for their *** and Lower Risk Near Threatened tree species under Conservation Status and,Premium and Commercial tree species under Utilisation Status preferred small size gaps for their proliferation and ***,we recommend the single tree-based selective logging for ensuring creations of small to medium size(200–300 m^(2))gaps through adjustments to the logging permit process,revision of Allocation Quota Permit,strict adherence to the 40-year polycyclic selection system,along with more dedicated enforcement and *** along these protocols would tremendously facilitate natural regeneration of different suites of timber species resulting in the improvement of the overall biodiversity conservat

关键词： Conservation status Gap size Diversity Logging Natural regeneration Subri River Forest Reserve Tree species Utilisation status

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Still'dwelling in the possibility'-critical update on stem cell therapy for acute on chronic liver failure

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2020年第10期12卷 1124-1132页

作者： Cyriac Abby Philips Philip augustine The Liver Unit and Monarch Liver Lab Cochin Gastroenterology GroupErnakulam Medical CenterKochi 682025KeralaIndia Department of Gastroenterology and Advanced GI Endoscopy Cochin Gastroenterology GroupErnakulam Medical CenterKochi 682025KeralaIndia

Stem cells therapy could improve survival in patients with liver *** on stem cell therapy and related growth factors in decompensated cirrhosis has been on the forefront but has shown heterogenous *** high-quality studies have shown a lack of efficacy and *** with acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)are a unique group with high mortality in the short-term associated with rapid onset extrahepatic organ *** these patients,there is an urgent need to identify treatments that can improve liver cell function and mass,prevent sepsis/organ failure,ameliorate systemic inflammation,and increase transplant-free *** cells are a novel treatment in ACLF but with unclear efficacy and *** this narrative review,we discuss the basics of liver regeneration in patients with ACLF and update current clinical status of stem cell use in patients with ACLF for improving our understanding of future directions.

关键词： Portal hypertension Regenerative therapy Mesenchymal stem cells Liver failure Sepsis

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Investigation of the relation between space-weather parameters and Forbush decreases automatically selected from Moscow and Apatity cosmic ray stations during solar cycle 23

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第11期21卷 28-34页

作者： Jibrin Adejoh Alhassan Ogbonnaya Okike augustine Ejikeme Chukwude Department of Physics and Astronomy University of NigeriaNsukka 400001Nigeria Department of Industrial Physics Ebonyi State UniversityAbakaliki 400001Nigeria

We present the results of an investigation of the relation between space-weather parameters and cosmic ray(CR)intensity modulation using algorithm-selected Forbush decreases(FDs)from Moscow(MOSC)and Apatity(APTY)neutron monitor(NM)stations during solar cycle *** FD location program detected 408 and 383 FDs from MOSC and APTY NM stations respectively.A coincident computer code employed in this work detected 229 FDs that were observed at the same Universal Time(UT)at the two *** of the 229 simultaneous FDs,we formed a subset of 139 large FDs(%)≤-4 at the MOSC *** performed a two-dimensional regression analysis between the FD magnitudes and the space-weather data on the two *** find that there were significant space-weather disturbances at the time of the CR flux *** correlation between the space-weather parameters and decreases in galactic cosmic ray(GCR)intensity at the two NM stations is statistically *** implications of the present space-weather data on CR intensity depressions are highlighted.

关键词： methods:data analysis methods:statistical Sun:coronal mass ejections(CMEs) (Sun:)solar terrestrial relations (Sun:)solar wind (ISM:)cosmic rays

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Application of Ordinary Kriging in Mapping Soil Organic Carbon in Zambia

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Pedosphere 2017年第2期27卷 338-343页

作者： Lydia Mumbi CHABALA augustine MULOLWA Obed LUNGU Department of Soil Science University of Zambia School of Agricultural Sciences P.O. Box 32379 Lusaka (Zambia) Department of Geomatic Engineering University of Zambia School of Engineering/National Remote Sensing Center P.O. Box 32379 Lusaka (Zambia)

The quantification of the pattern and spatial distribution of soil organic carbon （SOC） is fundamental to understand many ecosystem processes. This study aimed to apply ordinary kriging （OK） to model the spatial distribution of SOC in a selected part of Zambia. A total of 100 soil samples were collected from the study area and analyzed for SOC by determining soil oxidizable carbon using the Walkley-Black method. An automated fitting procedure was followed when modeling the spatial structure of the SOC data with the exponential semivariogram. The results indicated that the short range spatial dependence of SOC was strong with a nugget close to zero. The spatial autocorrelation was high to medium with a nugget to sill ratio of 0.25. The root mean square error of the predictions was 0.64, which represented 58.18% of the mean observed data for SOC. It can be concluded that the generated map could serve as a proxy for SOC in the region where evidence of spatial structure and quantitative estimates of uncertainty are reported. Therefore, the maps produced can be used as guides for various uses including optimization of soil sarapling.

关键词： exponential semivariogram geographical distribution geostatistical procedure oxidizable carbon spatial autocorrela-tion

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Testing the effect of solar wind parameters and geomagnetic storm indices on Galactic cosmic ray flux variation with automatically-selected Forbush decreases

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第9期21卷 207-216页

Forbush decrease(FD),discovered by Scott *** about 80 years ago,is referred to as the non-repetitive short-term depression in Galactic cosmic ray(GCR)flux,presumed to be associated with large-scale perturbations in solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field(IMF).It is the most spectacular variability in the GCR intensity which appears to be the compass for investigators seeking solar-terrestrial *** method of selection and validation of FD events is very important to cosmic ray(CR)*** have deployed new computer software to determine the amplitude and timing of FDs from daily-averaged CR data at Oulu Neutron Monitor *** code selected 230 FDs between 1998 and *** an attempt to validate the new FD automated catalog,the relationship between the amplitude of FDs,and IMF,solar wind speed(SWS)and geomagnetic storm indices(Dst,kp,ap)is tested here.A two-dimensional regression analysis indicates significant linear relationship between large FDs(CR(%)≤-3)and solar wind data and geomagnetic storm indices in the present *** implications of the relationship among these parameters are discussed.

关键词： methods:data analysis methods:statistical Sun:coronal mass ejections(CMEs) (Sun:)solar-terrestrial relations (Sun:)solar wind (ISM:)cosmic rays

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Testing the Empirical Relationship between Forbush Decreases and Cosmic Ray Diurnal Anisotropy

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2022年第5期22卷 129-135页

The abrupt aperiodic modulation of cosmic ray(CR)flux intensity,often referred to as Forbush decrease(FD),plays a significant role in our understanding of the Sun-Earth *** and precise determinations of FD magnitude and timing are among the intractable problems in FD-based *** identification is complicated by CR diurnal *** anisotropy can increase or reduce the number and amplitude of *** is therefore important to remove its contributions from CR raw data before FD ***,an attempt was made,using a combination of the Fourier transform technique and FD-location machine,to address ***,two FD catalogs and amplitude diurnal variation(ADV)were calculated from filtered(FD1 and ADV)and raw(FD2)CR *** the current work,we test the empirical relationship between FD1,FD2,ADV and solar-geophysical *** analysis shows that two types of magnetic fields-interplanetary and geomagnetic(Dst)-govern the evolution of CR flux intensity reductions.

关键词： methods data analysis-methods statistical-catalogs-Sun coronal mass ejections (CMEs)-(Sun:) solar wind-(Sun:)solar-terrestrial relations-(ISM:)cosmic rays

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