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The physical presence of gallstone modulates ex vivo cholesterol crystallization pathways of human bile

Gastroenterology Report 2019年第1期7卷 32-41,I0002页

作者： Piero Portincasa Karel Jvan Erpecum Agostino Di Ciaula David Q-h.Wang Division of Internal Medicine Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human OncologyUniversity Medical SchoolBariItaly Department of Gastroenterology University Medical CenterUtrechtThe Netherlands Division of Internal Medicine Hospital of BisceglieASL BATBisceglieItaly Department of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Liver DiseasesMarion Bessin Liver Research CenterAlbert Einstein College of MedicineBronxNYUSA

Background:Cholesterol crystallization is an essential step toward gallstone *** model bile studies showed that competition occurs between the gallstone surface and the surrounding aqueous phase for cholesterol molecules available for crystallization,this has not been investigated in human ***:Fresh gallbladder bile was obtained during laparoscopic cholecystectomy from 13 patients with cholesterol(n紏10)or pigment(n紏3)*** cholesterol gallstones were collected from another two *** native and ultrafiltered bile with or without added gallstones was analysed by polarized light microscopy for the presence of arc-like and needle-like anhydrous cholesterol crystals and classic cholesterol monohydrate *** of the added stones was evaluated before and after 21 days of bile ***:In unfiltered bile,the presence of stones was associated with a trend towards less anhydrous cholesterol crystals,but significantly more aggregated cholesterol monohydrate *** ultrafiltered bile,the presence of stones tended to inhibit the formation of arc-like or needle-like crystals and was associated with significantly greater amounts of both platelike and aggregated cholesterol monohydrate *** 21 days of the incubation,stone weight was decreased in both unfiltered(–4.561.6%,P紏0.046)and ultrafiltered bile(–6.561.5%,P紏0.002).Bile from pigment-stone patients was clear in the absence of stones,but showed early appearance of plate-like and aggregated cholesterol monohydrate crystals in all samples to which cholesterol gallstones were ***:The physical presence of cholesterol gallstones in both native and filtered bile greatly influences cholesterol crystallization *** cholesterol monohydrate crystals increase,anhydrous cholesterol crystals tend to be *** of solid cholesterol crystals from the gallstone surface may explain these findings.

关键词： Bile cholesterol crystals cholesterol stones pigment stones polarizing light microscopy supersaturated bile

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Crown and leaf traits as predictors of subtropical tree sapling growth rates

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第1期10卷 136-145页

作者： Ying Li Wenzel Kröber helge Bruelheide Werner härdtle Goddert von Oheimb Faculty of Sustainability Leuphana University LüneburgInstitute of EcologyScharnhorststraße 1D-21335 LüneburgGermany Martin Luther University halle Wittenberg Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenAm Kirchtor 1D-06108 HalleGermany German Centre of Integrative Biodiversity Research(iDiv)halle-Jena-Leipzig Deutscher Platz 5eD-04103 LeipzigGermany Faculty of Environmental Sciences Technische Universität DresdenInstitute of General Ecology and Environmental ProtectionPienner Straße 7D-01735 TharandtGermany

Aims Growth rates of plants are driven by factors that influence the amount of resources captured and the efficiency of resource *** trees,the amount of light captured and the efficiency of light use strongly depends on crown characteristics and leaf *** theory predicts that both crown and leaf traits affect tree growth,few studies have yet to integrate these two types of traits to explain species-specific growth *** 37 broad-leaved tree species of subtropical forests in SE China,we investigated how interspecific differences in wood volume growth rates were affected by crown and leaf *** tested the hypotheses that(i)larger crown dimensions promote growth rates,(ii)species-specific growth rates are positively related to leaf stomatal conductance,leaf water potential and leaf chemical components,and negatively related to leaf C/N and leaf toughness and(iii)the two sets of traits better explain growth rates in combination than either *** Our study was conducted in a large-scale forest Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning experiment in China(BEF-China),located in a mountainous region in Jiangxi *** related 17 functional traits(two crown dimension and three crown structure traits;six physiological and six morphological leaf traits)to the mean annual growth rate of wood volume of young trees of the studied *** between crown and leaf traits were analyzed using principal component *** linear regression analysis was used to test the effect of each trait *** used multiple regression analysis to establish the relationship of growth rate to each set of traits(crown traits,physiological and morphological leaf traits)and to the combination of all types of *** coefficients of determination(R^(2)_(adj))of the best multiple regression models were compared to determine the relative explanatory power of crown and leaf traits and a combination of *** Findings The species-spec

关键词： BEF China crown characteristics physiological leaf traits morphological leaf traits wood volume

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A common variant in the precursor miR-146a sequence does not predispose to cholangiocarcinoma in a large European cohort

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hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2012年第4期11卷 412-417页

作者： Florentina Mihalache Aksana hblinger Monica Acalovschi Tilman Sauerbruch Frank Lammert Vincent Zimmer Department of Medicine Ⅱ Saarland University Hospital66421 HomburgGermany Department of Medicine Ⅲ University Iuliu Hatieganu Department of Internal Medicine Ⅰ University Hospital Bonn

BACKGROUND:Micro-RNAs(miRNAs) are small,non-coding RNA species considered to fine-tune basic cellular functions by modulating target gene translation and/or mRNA stability.A common G/C polymorphism(rs2910164) in the precursor(pre-) miR-146a gene engaged in NF-κB signaling and apoptosis pathways has been reported to modulate the genetic risk of hepatocellular carcinoma by increased G-allelic production of mature *** investigated rs2910164 in a large Europeanbased cholangiocarcinoma(CCA) ***:We recruited 182 CCA patients and 350 controls in three academic medical *** for rs2910164 was performed by PCR-based assays with 5’-nuclease and fluorescence *** frequencies were tested for consistency with the hardy-Weinberg equilibrium using an exact test;allelic and genotypic differences between the patients and controls were assessed by the Chi-square test and Armitage’s trend *** subgroup analyses included gender,tumor localization(extra-versus intrahepatic CCA) and early-onset ***:Genotype distributions were consistent with the hardy-Weinberg *** significant differences in either allele or genotype distributions were detected between the CCA and control groups or the respective subgroups ***,there was a trend for a protective effect of the heterozygous single-nucleotide polymorphism state GC,as indicated by an underrepresentation in the CCA group in general(29% vs 35%;P=0.18) and,in particular,for extrahepatic tumor sites(26% vs 35%;OR=0.67;95% CI,0.43-1.02;P=0.065).CONCLUSIONS:Our data do not support a prominent contribution of the pre-miR-146a sequence variant in the genetic predisposition to ***,current studies functionally characterizing rs2910164 have proposed that distinct repertoires of target genes are addressed by genotype-specific mature miR146a *** the detected trend towards a potentially protective role of GC heterozygosity,a subtle modulation of g

关键词： miR-146a miR-SNP biliary tract cancer cholangiocarcinoma genetic risk

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Mixed symmetry states and isospin excitation in the N =Z nucleus ^(28)Si

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Chinese Physics C 2009年第S1期33卷 46-48页

作者：吕立君 Al-Khudair Falih h 张进富白洪波 Department of Physics Chifeng University Department of physics Tsinghua University Department of physics College of Education Basrah University

The interacting boson model with isospin (IBM-3) has been used to study the isospin excitation states and mixed symmetry states at low spin for 28Si. The theoretical calculations are in agreement with experimental dat... 详细信息

关键词： IBM-3 energy level isospin mixed symmetry states

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Magnetic imaging-assisted colonoscopy vs conventional colonoscopy: A randomized controlled trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第36期20卷 13178-13184页

作者： Christopher W Teshima Sergio Zepeda-Gómez Suliman h AlShankiti Gurpal S Sandha Division of Gastroenterology University of Alberta Edmonton Alberta T6G 2X8 Canada

AIM: To compare magnetic imaging-assisted colonoscopy (MIC) with conventional colonoscopy (CC).

关键词： Colonoscopy Conscious sedation Magnetic endoscope imaging Pain measurement Randomized controlled trial

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Integrating data from remote sensing, geology and gravity for geological investigation in the Tarhunah area, Northwest Libya

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2008年第4期1卷 347-366页

作者： N.M.Saadi E.Aboud h.Saibi K.Watanabe Laboratory of Economic Geology Faculty of EngineeringKyushu University744 MotookaFukuoka 819-0395Japan National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics CairoEgypt Laboratory of Geothermics Faculty of EngineeringKyushu University744 MotookaNishi-kuFukuoka 819-0395Japan

The present work deals with the integration of remote-sensing,surface-geology and gravity-survey data to improve the structural knowledge of the Tarhunah area,northwest *** information and remote-sensing data provided information about the surface structure.A gravity survey was conducted to decipher the subsurface *** results revealed that a basin having a width of 39 to 48 km trends NE.A two-dimensional(2-D)schematic model shows that the basin gradually deepens toward the *** determined from a horizontal gradient,tilt derivative,and Euler deconvolution show a depth range of 2.5 to 7.5 *** integration and interpretation of the results indicate that volcanic activity was related to the tectonic activity of an anticlinal structure called the Jabal Uplift.

关键词： Libya Tarhunah area remote sensing gravity integration

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喀斯特山区土地利用/覆被变化情景模拟

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农业工程学报 2007年第7期23卷 64-70页

作者：彭建蔡运龙 P.h.Verburg 中央民族大学管理学院北京100081 北京大学环境学院资源与环境地理学系 Department of Environmental Science Wagenningen UniversityP.O.Box 376700 AA Wagenningen Netherlands

该文运用CLUE-S模型模拟研究了贵州中部猫跳河流域在不同情景模式下未来十年内土地覆被的空间变化情况。根据研究区土地覆被结构的现状以及影响土地覆被变化的宏观因素,作者设计了生态安全目标、粮食安全目标、经济发展目标以及综合发... 详细信息

该文运用CLUE-S模型模拟研究了贵州中部猫跳河流域在不同情景模式下未来十年内土地覆被的空间变化情况。根据研究区土地覆被结构的现状以及影响土地覆被变化的宏观因素,作者设计了生态安全目标、粮食安全目标、经济发展目标以及综合发展目标等4种可能出现的情景。结果表明,在不同土地利用情景下,猫跳河流域未来十年的土地覆被格局及其效应存在明显的差别。生态安全目标情景能在较大程度上改善流域的生态环境,但会对流域的粮食安全构成较大的威胁。粮食安全目标情景能够保障流域的粮食安全,但会导致区域生态环境质量下降。经济发展目标模式可充分保障经济建设用地的需求,但会威胁到流域的粮食安全。综合发展目标情景比较全面地考虑到了流域经济发展、生态保护以及粮食安全等需要,是研究区未来较为可取的土地利用模式。

关键词：土地利用/覆被变化喀斯特 CLUE-S模型猫跳河流域情景模拟

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Recovery of Cyclospora cayetanensis among asymptomatic rural Thai schoolchildren

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014年第2期7卷 119-123页

作者： K Thima h Mori R Praevanit S Mongkhonmu J Waikagul D Watthanakulpanich Department of Protozoology Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol University Bangkok School of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University Department of helminthology Faculty of Tropical MedicineMahidol University

Objective:To obtain the prevalence with clinical symptoms of Cyclospora cayetanensis(***),a coceidian protozoan parasite,in Thailand which is the cause of an intestinal infection characterized by sporadic-to-frequent explosive ***:In a field surveyconducted by the Faculty of Tropical *** *** part of the existing parasite-control program,a total of 2 540 faecal samples from villagers in Nan Province,Thailand,were collected and examined to determine the prevalence and clinical characteristics of parasitic ***:Twelve cases of *** infection were found duritig faecal examination of schoolchildren aged 5-12 *** exhibited obvious clinical symptoms,especially evidence of diarrhea:5 of 12 had loose faeces,one reported frequent symptoms of abdominal discomfort,and another had pale conjunctiva with low *** children were generally ***:This finding confirms a public-health issue with potentially serious consequences whereby children can be exposed to an environment contaminated with food-und water-borne transmitted oocysts,anil can hence become infected with ***.

关键词： Cyclospora cayetanensis Schoolchildren Carriers Traveler’s diarrhea

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Praziquantel decreases fecundity in Schistosoma mansoni adult worms that survive treatment:evidence from a laboratory life-history trade-offs selection study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 988-998页

作者： Poppy h.L.Lamberton Christina L.Faust Joanne P.Webster Institute for Biodiversity Animal Healthand Comparative Medicine&Wellcome Centre for Molecular ParasitologyCollege of MedicalVeterinary&Life SciencesUniversity of GlasgowG128QQGlasgowUK London Centre for Neglected Tropical Disease Research Department of Infectious Disease EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthImperial College LondonSt Mary’s CampusW21PGLondonUK Centre for Endemic Emerging and Exotic DiseasesThe Royal Veterinary CollegeUniversity of LondonLondon AL97TAUK

Background:Mass drug administration of praziquantel is the World health Organization’s endorsed control strategy for schistosomiasis.A decade of annual treatments across sub-Saharan Africa has resulted in significant reductions of infection prevalence and intensity levels,although‘hotspots’*** drug treatments place strong selective pressures on parasites,which may affect life-history traits that impact transmission *** drug treatment responses and the evolution of such traits can help inform on how to minimise the risk of drug resistance developing,maximise sustainable control programme success,and improve diagnostic ***:We performed a four-generation Schistosoma mansoni praziquantel selection experiment in mice and *** used three *** lines:a praziquantel-resistant isolate(R),a praziquantel-susceptible isolate(S),and a coinfected line(RS),under three treatment regimens:untreated,25 mg/kg praziquantel,or 50 mg/kg *** traits,including parasite adult-worm establishment,survival,reproduction(fecundity),and associated morbidity,were recorded in mice across all four *** variables were tested in a series of generalized linear mixed effects models to determine which factors had a significant influence on parasite life-history traits in definitive hosts under different selection ***:Praziquantel pressure significantly reduced adult-worm burdens across all generations and isolates,including within ***,previous drug treatment resulted in an increase in adult-worm establishment with increasing generation from P1 to *** highest worm numbers were in the co-infected RS *** treatment decreased adult-worm burden,but had a larger negative impact on the mean daily number of miracidia,a proxy for fecundity,across all three parasite ***:Our predicted cost of resistance was not supported by the traits we measured within the murine host.

关键词： Schistosoma mansoni Biomphalaria Mouse Praziquantel Resistance Establishment Survival Fecundity Trade-offs

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DEPICT:A high-level Formal Language for Modeling Constraint Satisfaction Problems

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2008年第2期5卷 208-216页

作者： Abdulwahed M.Abbas Edward P.K.Tsang Ahmad h.Nasri Department of Computer Science The University of Balamand Department of Computing and Electronic SystemsThe University of EssexDepartment of Computer ScienceThe American University of BeirutP.O.Box 100TripoliLebanonWivenhoe ParkColchester CO4 3SQUKP.O.Box:11-0236Riad EI-SolhBeirutLebanon

The past decade witnessed rapid development of constraint satisfaction technologies, where algorithms are now able to cope with larger and harder problems. however, owing to the fact that constraints are inherently declarative, attention is quickly turning toward developing high-level programming languages within which such problems can be modeled and also solved. Along these lines, this paper presents DEPICT, the language. Its use is illustrated through modeling a number of benchmark examples. The paper continues with a description of a prototype system within which such models may be interpreted. The paper concludes with a description of a sample run of this interpreter showing how a problem modeled as such is typically solved.

关键词： Constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) and languages formal specifications typed predicate calculus language interpreter

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