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Integrating Terrain and Vegetation Indices for Identifying Potential Soil Erosion Risk Area

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2010年第3期13卷 201-209页

作者： Arabinda sharma Civil Engineering Department MM University

The present paper offers an innovative method to monitor the change in soil erosion potential by integrating terrain and vegetation indices derived from remote sensing data. Three terrain indices namely, topographic wetness index （TWI）, stream power index （SPI） and slope length factor （LS）, were derived from the digital elevation model. Normalized vegetation index （NDVI） was derived for the year 1988 and 2004 using remote sensing images. K-mean clustering was performed on staked indices to categorize the study area into four soil erosion potential classes. The validation of derived erosion potential map using USLE model showed a good agreement. Results indicated that there was a significant change in the erosion potential of the watershed and a gradual shifting of lower erosion potential class to next higher erosion potential class over the study period.

关键词： remote sensing GIS NDVI soil erosion terrain indices

Fabrication of Self-cleaning Antireflective Polymer Surfaces by Mimicking Underside Leaf Hierarchical Surface Structures

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2019年第3期16卷 400-409页

作者： Srinadh Mattaparthi Chandra Shekhar sharma Creative & Advanced Research Based on Nanomaterials (CARBON) Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineerings Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad Kandi Telangana 502285 India

In this work, we utilized underside of four different plant leaves with different scale of hierarchical surface roughness to fabricate large area self-cleaning antireflective polymer surfaces. A simple and precise two-step soft-lithography replica molding technique was deployed by using polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer as a replicating material. In the first step, a negative PDMS replica was fabricated by using the underside of an original leaf as a template material. In the second step, a positive PDMS replica was fabricated through a negative PDMS replica used as a template. In order to study the non-wetting and light trapping properties, as-replicated polymer surfaces were characterized using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), contact angle goniometer, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. SEM images confirmed the successful replication of complex hierarchical structures while contact angle measurement studies established retaining high non-wetting properties in polymer replicas. Optical studies suggest near zero reflection in normal mode and less than 5% diffuse reflection when measured using integrated sphere mode. These results have been correlated and explained with the air-liquid fraction and roughness factor as measured using three-dimensional optical profilometer.

关键词： biomimicking natural leaf replica molding non-wetting light trapping hierarchical roughness

Microbial communication during bioremediation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons

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Systems Microbiology and Biomanufacturing 2022年第3期2卷 430-444页

作者： Pooja sharma Department of Environmental Microbiology School for Environmental SciencesBabasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar(A Central)UniversityLucknowUttar Pradesh 226025India

Human activity pollution has been shown to harm the environment,ecology,and health *** polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)produced by the industries such as tannery,distillery,pulp paper,and oil refineries are a major source of *** are found all across the world,owing to long-term human pollution ***'physico-chemical features,such as hydrophobicity and electrochemical stability,contribute to their environmental persistence and contribute to their carcinogenic and health *** analytical and biological techniques for the qualitative and quantitative assessment of PAHs have been ***,adsorption,chemical oxidation,photolysis,volatilization,and microbiological degradation are the principal breakdown pathways of PAHs in the *** populations,such as bacteria,fungi,and algae,play a crucial role in the biological elimination of ***,manganese peroxidases,lipases,and laccases are the enzymes involved in PAHs *** synthesis of surfactants by bacteria increases PAHs bioavailability and improves the elimination process of ***,pH,aeration,moisture content,nutrition availability,absence of hazardous chemicals,and the kind and number of degrading microbial populations are all factors that influence PAHs *** degradation mechanisms result in intermediate metabolites and carbon dioxide *** elimination of PAHs is improved by molecular approaches such as gene engineering and protein *** review discussed the benefits of bioremediation strategies that were investigated for precise evaluation and were trusted at both the regulatory and scientific studies levels.

关键词： PAHs pollution Bacterial degradation Environmental pollution Health risk Enzymatic activity

Analysis of the wave properties of a new two-lane continuum model with the coupling effect

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Chinese Physics B 2012年第1期21卷 295-309页

作者： Arvind Kumar Gupta Sapna sharma Department of Mathematics Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Department of Mathematics Birla Institute of Technology & Science Pilani

A multilane extension of the single-lane anisotropic continuum model （GK model） developed by Gupta and Katiyar for traffic flow is discussed with the consideration of the coupling effect between the vehicles of different lanes in the instantaneous traffic situation and the lane-changing effect. The conditions for securing the linear stability of the new model are presented. The shock and the rarefaction waves, the local cluster effect and the phase transition are investigated through simulation experiments with the new model and are found to be consistent with the diverse nonlinear dynamical phenomena observed in a real traffic flow. The analysis also focuses on empirically observed two- lane phenomena, such as lane usage inversion and the density dependence of the number of lane changes. It is shown that single-lane dynamics can be extended to multilane cases without changing the basic properties of the single-lane model. The results show that the new multilane model is capable of explaining some particular traffic phenomena and is in accordance with real traffic flow.

关键词： two-lane traffic numerical simulation lane usage inversion

Nonlinear analysis of traffic jams in an anisotropic continuum model

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Chinese Physics B 2010年第11期19卷 156-164页

作者： Arvind Kumar Gupta Sapna sharma Department of Mathematics IIT Ropar-140001India Mathematics Group Birla Institute of Technology and SciencePilani-333031India

This paper presents our study of the nonlinear stability of a new anisotropic continuum traffic flow model in which the dimensionless parameter or anisotropic factor controls the non-isotropic character and diffusive influence. In order to establish traff^c flow stability criterion or to know the critical parameters that lead, on one hand, to a stable response to perturbations or disturbances or, on the other hand, to an unstable response and therefore to a possible congestion, a nonlinear stability criterion is derived by using a wavefront expansion technique. The stability criterion is illustrated by numerical results using the finite difference method for two different values of anisotropic parameter. It is also been observed that the newly derived stability results are consistent with previously reported results obtained using approximate linearisation methods. Moreover, the stability criterion derived in this paper can provide more refined information from the perspective of the capability to reproduce nonlinear traffic flow behaviors observed in real traffic than previously established methodologies.

关键词： traffic flow non-linear stability wavefront method

Identification and characterization of integron mediated antibiotic resistance in pentachlorophenol degrading bacterium isolated from the chemostat

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第6期21卷 858-864页

作者： sharma Ashwani THAKUR Indu Shekhar Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory School of Environmental SciencesJawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Mehrauli Road

A bacterial consortium was developed by continuous enrichment of microbial population isolated from sediment core of pulp and paper mill effluent in mineral salts medium（MSM） supplemented with pentachlorophenol（PCP） as sole source of carbon and energy in the *** consortia contained three bacterial *** were identified as Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter *** 16S rRNA gene sequence *** *** degraded PCP through the formation of tetrachloro-p-hydroquinone（TecH）,2-chloro-1,4-benzenediol and products of ortho ring cleavage detected by gas chromatograph/mass spectrometer（GC-MS）.Out of the three acclimated PCP degrading bacterial strains only one strain,Acinetobacter *** the presence of integron gene cassette as a marker of its stability and antibiotic *** strain possessed a 4.17 kb amplicon with 22 ORF＇*** plasmid isolated from the Acinetobacter *** subjected to shotgun cloning through restriction digestion by BamHI,HindIII and SalI,ligated to pUC19 vector and transformed into *** XLBlue1α,and finally selected on MSM containing PCP as sole source of carbon and energy with ampicillin as antibiotic *** sequence analysis of recombinant clones indicated homology with integron gene cassette and multiple antibiotic resistance genes.

关键词： Acinetobacter sp. antibiotic resistance gene chemostat integron gene cassette pentachlorophenol recombinant clone

The effect of pH on stability and thermal performance of graphene oxide and copper oxide hybrid nanofluids for heat transfer applications:Application of novel machine learning technique

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第7期82卷 359-374,I0009页

作者： Praveen Kumar Kanti Prabhakar sharma K.V.sharma M.P.Maiya Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology MadrasChennai 600036India Department of Mechanical Engineering Delhi Skill and Entrepreneurship UniversityDelhi 110089India Center for Energy Studies Department of Mechanical EngineeringJNTUH College of EngineeringKukatpallyHyderabad 500085Telangan1India

This paper investigates the effects of pH on stability and thermal properties of copper oxide(CuO),graphene oxide(GO),and their hybrid nanofluid(HNF)at different mixing ***,sol-gel and Hummer’s method was employed for the synthesis of CuO and GO nanoparticles(NPs),and they are characterized with various *** effects of two different surfactants were analyzed on nanofluid’s(NF’s)stability at different pH *** properties like thermal conductivity(TC)and viscosity(VST)of NFs were measured at different volume concentration(0.1 vol%to 1.0 vol%)and temperature range of 30-60℃,*** TC and VST of GO/CuO(50:50)HNF are higher than that of GO/CuO(20:80).The figure of merit(FOM)is determined for the studied *** correlations were presented to calculate the TC as well as VST of *** modern novel machine learning-based ensemble approaches were employed for predictive model development for TC and VST of considered *** comparison of prognostic models with Taylor’s diagram revealed that Bayesian optimized support vector machine(BoASVM)was superior to Bayesian optimized boosted regression trees(BoA-BRT)for both TC and VST models.

关键词： CuO Figure of merit Graphene oxide Machine learning pH Stability

Enhanced Userspace and In-Kernel Trace Filtering for Production Systems

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2016年第6期31卷 1161-1178页

作者： Suchakrapani Datt sharma Michel Dagenais Department of Computer and Software Engineering Ecole Polytechnique de Montrdal Montreal H3T 1J4 Canada

Trace tools like LTTng have a very low impact on the traced software as compared with traditional debuggers. However, for long runs, in resource constrained and high throughput environments, such as embedded network switching nodes and production servers, the collective tracing impact on the target software adds up considerably. The overhead is not just in terms of execution time but also in terms of the huge amount of data to be stored, processed and analyzed offiine. This paper presents a novel way of dealing with such huge trace data generation by introducing a Just-In-Time （JIT） filter based tracing system, for sieving through the flood of high frequency events, and recording only those that are relevant, when a specific condition is met. With a tiny filtering cost, the user can filter out most events and focus only on the events of interest. We show that in certain scenarios, the JIT compiled filters prove to be three times more effective than similar interpreted filters. We also show that with the increasing number of filter predicates and context variables, the benefits of JIT compilation increase with some JIT compiled filters being even three times faster than their interpreted counterparts. We further present a new architecture, using our filtering system, which can enable co-operative tracing between kernel and process tracing VMs （virtual machines） that share data efficiently. We demonstrate its use through a tracing scenario where the user can dynamically specify syscall latency through the userspace tracing VM whose effect is reflected in tracing decisions made by the kernel tracing VM. We compare the data access performance on our shared memory system and show an almost 100 times improvement over traditional data sharing for co-operative tracing.

关键词： tracing debugging filtering operating system interpreter

Hydrogen Spillover Effect in Electrocatalysis:Delving into the Mysteries of the Atomic Migration

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第5期7卷 181-205页

作者： Ashish Gaur Jatin sharma HyukSu Han Department of Energy Science Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419Korea Institute of Nano Science and Technology Sector-81Knowledge CitySahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306PunjabIndia Department of Energy Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon 16419South Korea

Hydrogen spillover effect has recently garnered a lot of attention in the field of electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reactions.A new avenue for understanding the dynamic behavior of atomic migration in which hydrogen atoms moving on a catalyst surface was opened up by the setup of the word"hydrogen spillover."However,there is currently a dearth of thorough knowledge regarding the hydrogen spillover ***,the advancement of sophisticated characterization procedures offers progressively useful information to enhance our grasp of the hydrogen spillover *** understanding of material fabrication for hydrogen spillover effect has *** these factors,we made an effort to review most of the articles published on the hydrogen spillover effect and carefully analyzed the aspect of material *** of our attention has been directed toward the molecular pathway that leads to improve hydrogen evolution reactions *** addition,we have attempted to elucidate the spillover paths through the utilization of DFT ***,we provide some preliminary research suggestions and highlight the opportunities and obstacles that are still to be confronted in this study area.

关键词： electrocatalysis hydrogen evolution reaction hydrogen spillover effect interfacial atomic migration metal-support interaction