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食物回收等级制度帮助处理剩余食物（英文）

英语画刊(高中版) 2024年第1期 12-14页

作者： Daisy Chung Ally j.levine Clare Trainor

每天,世界各个角落都会丢弃大量的剩余食物,比如吃不完的饭菜、发霉的面包和不能吃的果皮果核等。这不仅造成食物浪费,还会导致环境问题日益严重。Humans grow and waste food at a staggering(令人吃惊的)*** devote half the earth’s...

每天,世界各个角落都会丢弃大量的剩余食物,比如吃不完的饭菜、发霉的面包和不能吃的果皮果核等。这不仅造成食物浪费,还会导致环境问题日益严重。Humans grow and waste food at a staggering(令人吃惊的)*** devote half the earth’s habitable land to food production,while ultimately tossing one-third of that food.

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SMILE soft X-ray Imager flight model CCD370 pre-flight device characterisation

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 25-38页

作者： S.Parsons D.j.Hall O.Hetherington T.W.Buggey T.arnold M.W.j.Hubbard A.Holland Centre for Electronic Imaging the Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK

Throughout the SMILE mission the satellite will be bombarded by radiation which gradually damages the focal plane devices and degrades their *** order to understand the changes of the CCD370s within the soft X-ray Imager,an initial characterisation of the devices has been carried out to give a baseline performance *** CCDs have been characterised,the two flight devices and the flight spa *** has been carried out at the Open University in a bespo ke cleanroom measure ment *** results show that there is a cluster of bright pixels in the flight spa re which increases in size with tempe *** at the nominal ope rating tempe rature(-120℃) it is within the procure ment ***,the devices meet the specifications when ope rating at -120℃ in 6 × 6 binned frame transfer science *** se rial charge transfer inefficiency degrades with temperature in full frame *** any charge losses are recovered when binning/frame transfer is implemented.

关键词： CCD soft X-ray imager characterisation SMILE

The CCD instrument background of the SMILE SXI

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 15-24页

作者： M.W.j.Hubbard O.Hetherington D.j.Hall T.W.Buggey S.Parsons T.arnold A.Holland C.Pagani S.Sembay Centre for Electronic Imaging The Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76AAUK X-ray and Observational Astronomy Group Department of Physics&AstronomyUniversity of LeicesterLE17RHUK

The ESA and CAS SMILE mission orbit is highly elliptical and will pass through multiple radiation *** Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)instrument aboard has a radiation shutter door designed to close when the surrounding radiation flux is *** shutter door will close when passing below an altitude threshold to protect against trapped particles in the Earth’s Van Allen ***,two radiation environments can be approximated based on the shutter door position:open and *** instrument background for the CCDs(Charge-Coupled Devices)that form the focal plane array of the SXI were evaluated for the two *** to the correlation of the space environment with the solar cycle,the solar minima and maxima,the background was also evaluated at these two *** results demonstrated that the highest instrument background will occur during solar minima due to the main contributing source being Galactic Cosmic Rays(GCRs).It was also found that the open background was highest for solar minima and that the closed background was highest during solar *** is due to the radiation shutter door acting as a scattering centre and the changes in the energy flux distribution of the GCRs between the two solar extremes.

关键词： instrument background X-ray astronomy space radiation

Predictors of the placebo response in a nutraceutical randomized controlled trial for depression

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journal of Integrative Medicine 2024年第1期22卷 46-53页

作者： Rosemary arnold jenifer Murphy-Smith Chee H.Ng David Mischoulon Gerard j.Byrne Chad A.Bousman Con Stough Michael Berk jerome Sarris Professorial Unit the Melbourne ClinicDepartment of PsychiatryUniversity of MelbourneRichmond 3121Australia Depression Clinical and Research Program Department of PsychiatryMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Faculty of Medicine Discipline of PsychiatryCentre for Clinical ResearchRoyal Brisbane&Women’s HospitalHerstonthe University of QueenslandBrisbane 4006Australia Departments of Medical Genetics PsychiatryPhysiology&Pharmacology and Community Health SciencesUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Department of Psychiatry the University of MelbourneMelbourne 3052Australia Centre for Human Psychopharmacology Swinburne UniversityMelbourne 3122Australia The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation School of MedicineBarwon HealthDeakin UniversityGeelong 3220Australia The Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health the University of MelbourneParkville 3052Australia NICM Health Research Institute Western Sydney UniversityWestmeadNSW 2145Australia

Objective The placebo response in depression studies is the change in symptoms amongst those who receive an inactive *** well-designed randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of depression have a high proportion of placebo responders,with little understanding as to *** present study assesses characteristics associated with the placebo response in a nutraceutical trial with a large proportion of placebo *** This is a secondary analysis of a nutraceutical depression RCT which identified no overall treatment benefit relative to placebo(n=69 in placebo group).We investigated participant characteristics such as socio-demographics,clinical features,and recruitment methods,and their association with the placebo *** genetic polymorphisms were also *** response was measured based on change in Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale *** association of these hypothesis-driven variables of interest and the placebo response was examined using linear mixed effects *** Greater levels of education,particularly pursuing post-high school education,better self-reported general health,marriage/de facto,greater improvement in the first trial week,and more failed antidepressant therapies in the current depressive episode were associated with greater placebo *** increased placebo response was not found in those recruited via social media nor in those with concomitant antidepressant *** nucleotide polymorphisms from the tryptophan hydroxylase 1(TPH1)gene(A779C and A218C)were weakly associated with greater placebo response,although the evidence was attenuated after accounting for multiple *** This is,to our knowledge,the first study within nutraceutical research for depression to assess the association between participant characteristics and variation in the placebo *** variables appeared to predict the placebo *** findings may encourage future trial design

关键词： Randomized controlled trial Placebo Depression Nutraceutical Psychiatry

Endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration vs fine needle biopsy for pancreatic masses,subepithelial lesions,and lymph nodes

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第26期27卷 4194-4207页

作者： Irving levine Arvind j Trindade Division of Gastroenterology Long Island Jewish Medical CenterZucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/NorthwellNorthwell Health SystemNew Hyde ParkNY 11040United States

Endoscopic ultrasound tissue acquisition,in the form of both fine needle aspiration(EUS-FNA)and fine needle biopsy(EUS-FNB),is utilized for pancreatic mass lesions,subepithelial lesions,and lymph node *** procedures are safe and yield high diagnostic *** its high diagnostic yield,EUS-FNA has potential limitations associated with cytological aspirations,including inability to determine histologic architecture,and a small quantitative sample for further immunohistochemical ***-FNB,with its larger core biopsy needle,was designed to overcome these potential ***,it remains unclear which technique should be used and for which *** trials are plagued by heterogeneity at every stage of comparison;including variable needles used,and different definitions of endpoints,which therefore limit ***,we present a review of prospective trials,systematic reviews,and meta-analyses on studies examining EUS-FNA vs *** comparative trials of EUS-FNA vs EUS-FNB primarily focus on pancreatic mass lesions,and yield conflicting results in terms of demonstrating the superiority of one ***,consistent among trials is the potential for diagnosis with fewer passes,and a larger quantity of sample achieved for next generation *** regard to subepithelial lesions and lymph node biopsy,fewer prospective trials exist,and larger prospective studies are *** on the available literature,we would recommend EUS-FNB for peri-hepatic lymph nodes.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration Endoscopic ultrasound fine needle biopsy Pancreatic lesions Subepithelial lesions Lymph node biopsy

Modern treatment strategies for penile prosthetics in Peyronie’s disease:a contemporary clinical review

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Asian journal of Andrology 2020年第1期22卷 51-59页

作者： Matthew j Ziegelmann M Ryan Farrell Laurence A levine Division of Urology Rush University Medical CenterChicagoIL 60612USA

Peyronie's disease is a common condition resulting in penile deformity,psychological bother,and sexual *** dysfunction is one common comorbid condition seen in men with Peyronie’s disease,and its presence significantly impacts treatment *** a man with Peyronie's disease and significant erectile dysfunction who desires the most reliable treatment,penile prosthesis placement should be strongly *** some instances,such as those patients with relatively mild curvature,prosthesis placement alone may result in adequate ***,many patients will require additional straightening maneuvers such as manual modeling,penile plication,and tunica albuginea incision with or without *** patients with severe penile shortening,penile length restoration techniques may also be ***,we provide a comprehensive clinical review of penile prosthesis placement in men with Peyronie's ***,we discuss preoperative indications,intraoperative considerations,adjunctive straightening maneuvers,and postoperative outcomes.

关键词： collagenase grafting penile length penile prosthesis Peyronie's

Winter Temperature and UV are Tightly Linked to Genetic Changes in the p53 Tumour Suppressor Pathway in Eastern Asia

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Winter Temperature and UV are Tightly Linked to Genetic Chan...

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)on the SMILE Mission

“基因、进化与生理功能多样性”海内外学术研讨会暨中国生理学会第七届比较生理学学术会议

作者： arnold levine 宿兵 Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of Zoology and Kunming Primate Research CentreChinese Academy of SciencesKunming

The tumour suppressor p53 is a master sensor of *** human specific polymorphisms, p53 Codon 72 and MDM2 SNP309,influence the activities of *** is a tight association between cold winter temperature and p53 Arg72,and low UV intensity and MDM2 SNP309 G/G,in a cohort of 4,029 individuals across Eastern Asia that suggests causative selec- ***,the two polymorphisms are not ***-based selection analysis further suggests that this is a striking example of two functional polymorphisms being strongly selected for in human populations in response to environmental stresses.

关键词： Winter temperature UV p53

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 5-14页

作者： S.Sembay A.L.Alme D.Agnolon T.arnold A.Beardmore A.Belén Balado Margeli C.Bicknell C.Bouldin G.Branduardi-Raymont T.Crawford j.P.Breuer T.Buggey G.Butcher R.Canchal j.A.Carter A.Cheney Y.Collado-Vega H.Connor T.Crawford N.Eaton C.Feldman C.Forsyth T.Frantzen G.Galgóczi j.Garcia G.Y.Genov C.Gordillo H-P.Gröbelbauer M.Guedel Y.Guo M.Hailey D.Hall R.Hampson j.Hasiba O.Hetherington A.Holland S-Y.Hsieh M.W.j.Hubbard H.jeszenszky M.jones T.Kennedy K.Koch-Mehrin S.Kögl S.Krucker K.D.Kuntz C.Lakin G.Laky O.Lylund A.Martindale j.Miguel Mas Hesse R.Nakamura K.Oksavik N.Østgaard H.Ottacher R.Ottensamer C.Pagani S.Parsons P.Patel j.Pearson G.Peikert F.S.Porter T.Pouliantis B.H.Qureshi W.Raab G.Randal A.M.Read N.M.M.Roque M.E.Rostad C.Runciman S.Sachdev A.Samsonov M.Soman D.Sibeck S.Smit j.Søndergaard R.Speight S.Stavland M.Steller TianRan Sun j.Thornhill W.Thomas K.Ullaland B.Walsh D.Walton C.Wang S.Yang School of Physics and Astronomy University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Space Park Leicester University of LeicesterLeicesterLE17RHUK Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonDorkingRH56NTUK Centre for Electronic Imaging Open UniversityMilton KeynesMK76 AAUK Birkeland Centre for Space Science Department of Physics and TechnologyUniv.of BergenN-5007 BergenNorway University of Vienna A-1010 ViennaAustria Space Research Institute Austrian Academy of SciencesA-8042 GrazAustria National Institute of Aerospace Technology MadridSpain ESTEC European Space Agency2201 AZ NoordwijkNetherlands State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science CentreBeijing 100190China University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland CH-5210 WindischSwitzerland Koegl Space GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Space Acoustics GmbH CH-8157 DielsdorfSwitzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences 8400 WinterhurSwitzerland Genov Solutions N-5172 LoddefjordNorway STM Engineering N-5165 LaksevagNorway john Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory MD 20723USA NASA/Goddard Space Flight Centre MD 20771USA Center for Space Physics Boston UniversityBostonMA 02215USA Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Masaryk University60177 BrnoCzech Republic Institute of Physics E¨otvo¨s Lor´and University1053 BudapestHungary Aerospace Information Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100045China Centro de Astrobiologia(CAB) CSIC-INTAMadridSpain

The Soft X-ray Imager(SXI)is part of the scientific payload of the Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)*** is a joint science mission between the European Space Agency(ESA)and the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)and is due for launch in *** is a compact X-ray telescope with a wide field-of-view(FOV)capable of encompassing large portions of Earth’s magnetosphere from the vantage point of the SMILE *** is sensitive to the soft X-rays produced by the Solar Wind Charge eXchange(SWCX)process produced when heavy ions of solar wind origin interact with neutral particles in Earth’s *** provides a mechanism for boundary detection within the magnetosphere,such as the position of Earth’s magnetopause,because the solar wind heavy ions have a very low density in regions of closed magnetic field *** sensitivity of the SXI is such that it can potentially track movements of the magnetopause on timescales of a few minutes and the orbit of SMILE will enable such movements to be tracked for segments lasting many *** is led by the University of Leicester in the United Kingdom(UK)with collaborating organisations on hardware,software and science support within the UK,Europe,China and the United States.

关键词： Soft X-ray Imaging micropore optics large area CCD

Lethal means and suicide prevention among military veterans

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Military Medical Research 2023年第1期10卷 139-140页

作者： joshua levine Leo Sher Veterans’Administration New York Harbor Healthcare System BrooklynNY 11209USA james j.Peters Veterans’Administration Medical Center BronxNY 10468USA

Dear Editor,Suicide amongst the military veteran population is a significant *** VeteranSuicidePreventionAnnualReportrevealedthat6261 died by suicide in 2019[1]. The lingering effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (... 详细信息

关键词： Suicide Depression Public health Lethal means Military veterans