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Surface science approach to the heterogeneous cycloaddition of CO_(2) to epoxides catalyzed by site-isolated metal complexes and single atoms: a review

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Green Chemical Engineering 2022年第3期3卷 210-227页

作者： Valerio D'Elia arjan w.kleij Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and EngineeringVidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology(VISTEC)555 Moo 121210PayupnaiWangChanRayongThailand Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia(ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science&TechnologyAv.Paisos Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain Institute of Catalan Research and Advanced Studies(ICREA) Pg.Lluis Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain

The cycloaddition of CO_(2) to epoxides to afford cyclic organic carbonates is an increasingly relevant non-reductive strategy to convert CO_(2) to useful products able to serve as high-boiling solvents,chemical intermediates,and monomers for the preparation of more sustainable *** development of efficient and robust hetero-geneous catalysts for such transformation is,therefore,crucial and can be carried out by several strategies that often require the preparation of sophisticated and/or expensive organic networks,linkers,or compounds.A different approach to the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts for CO_(2)-epoxide coupling is by applying surface science methodologies to graft molecular fragments or single atoms on various supports leading to well-defined active *** this context,surface organometallic chemistry(SOMC),along with comparable methodologies,is a valuable approach for the preparation of efficient,single-site Lewis acids and catalysts for the target cycloaddition reaction on metal oxides,whereas,other grafting methodologies,can be applied to prepare analogous catalysts on different kinds of ***,we discuss very recent advances in the application of surface methodologies for the preparation of single atom catalysts as an increasingly relevant approach towards highly active Lewis acids for the cycloaddition of CO_(2) to ***,we show that Lewis acids and catalysts prepared by facile surface methodologies hold significant potential for future application is the synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO_(2).

关键词： Cyclic carbonates Surface science Single atoms Surface organometallic chemistry Catalysis

Carbon dioxide chemistry towards carbon-neutrality

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Green Chemical Engineering 2022年第2期3卷 93-95页

作者： Shoubhik Das Valerio D'Elia Liang-Nian He arjan w.kleij Tohru Yamada Department of Chemistry Universiteit AntwerpenAntwerp2020Belgium Department of Materials Science and Engineering School of Molecular Science and EngineeringVidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology(VISTEC)555 Moo 121210PayupnaiWangChanRayongThailand State Key Laboratory and Institute of Elemento-Organic Chemistry College of ChemistryNankai UniversityTianjin300071China Institute of Catalan Research and Advanced Studies(ICREA) Pg.Lluis Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia(ICIQ) Barcelona Institute of Science&TechnologyAv.Països Catalans 1643007TarragonaSpain Department of Chemistry Keio UniversityHiyoshiKohoku-kuYokohamaKanagawa223-8522Japan

Startling rise of carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has become a serious concern to scientists and ***,reduction of CO_(2) will be ideal to save the future world but increasing number of pop-ulation and theirbelongings is the major drawback to imply *** Covid-19 pandemic reduced the CO_(2) concentration temporarily in the last two years,but still carbon dioxide concentrations are ata recordhigh.

关键词： dioxide carbon neutral

Seamless and non-repetitive 4D texture variation synthesis and real-time rendering for measured optical material behavior

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Computational Visual Media 2019年第2期5卷 161-170页

作者： Martin Ritz Simon Breitfelder Pedro Santos arjan Kuijper Dieter w. Fellner Fraunhofer IGD Darmstadt64283Germany TU Darmstadt Darmstadt64289Germany TU Graz Graz8010Austria

we show how to overcome the single weakness of an existing fully automatic system for acquisition of spatially varying optical material behavior of real object surfaces. while the expression of spatially varying material behavior with spherical dependence on incoming light as a 4D texture(an ABTF material model) allows flexible mapping onto arbitrary 3D geometry, with photo-realistic rendering and interaction in real time,this very method of texture-like representation exposes it to common problems of texturing, striking in two disadvantages. Firstly, non-seamless textures create visible artifacts at boundaries. Secondly, even a perfectly seamless texture causes repetition artifacts due to their organised placement in large numbers over a 3D surface. we have solved both problems through our novel texture synthesis method that generates a set of seamless texture variations randomly distributed over the surface at shading time. when compared to regular 2D textures, the inter-dimensional coherence of the 4D ABTF material model poses entirely new challenges to texture synthesis, which includes maintaining the consistency of material behavior throughout the 4D space spanned by the spatial image domain and the angular illumination hemisphere. In addition, we tackle the increased memory consumption caused by the numerous variations through a fitting scheme specifically designed to reconstruct the most prominent effects captured in the material model.

关键词： optical material behavior reflectance modeling 4D texture synthesis texturing

Purification of solar cell silicon materials through filtration

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Rare Metals 2006年第z1期25卷 180-185页

作者： CIFTJA arjan ENGH Thorvald Abel KVITHYLD Anne Department of Materials Science and Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim N-7491 Norway

Silicon is the material most commonly used in the manufacturing of photovoltaic (PV) cells. In the current study, laboratory experiments of purification of solar cell silicon materials through filtration are carried out. Inclusion removal from silicon was investigated. The purpose is to achieve clean silicon materials for solar cells. Silicon samples and filter samples were analyzed using microscope observation, EPMA, and X-ray detection. Silicon nitride (Si3N4) and silicon carbide (SiC) particles are the main non-metallic inclusions present in top-cut silicon scrap. Almost all inclusions larger than 10 μm can be removed from silicon by the porous foam filter. In mass fraction, more than 90% inclusions are removed. Si3N4 particles are mainly removed on the top surface of the filter, and SiC particles are mainly removed by entering the pores and attaching to the filter material. SiC inclusions are not only simply attached on the surface of the filter material, but are found also inside the filter material. There are SiC bridges near the filter materials. These bridges may fill the spaces between filter material, and this will further retard inclusions passing through the filter. Three-dimensional turbulent fluid flow and inclusion motion in the filter was calculated. Both experimental observation and fluid flow simulation indicate that most of the inclusions are entrapped at the upper part of the filter.

关键词： solar cell silicon inclusions filtration nitrides carbides fluid flow

透明质酸调节肠道微生物和代谢物缓解炎症:一项分子量依赖性研究（英文）

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Science Bulletin 2024年第17期 2683-2687页

作者：张川王伯韬于雷雷赵若寒张青松张程程崔树茂赵建新 arjan Narbad 陈卫田丰伟翟齐啸 State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Bloomage Biotechnology Co. Ltd. International Joint Research Laboratory for Probiotics Jiangnan University Gut Health and Microbiome Institute Strategic Programme Quadram Institute Bioscience

Hyaluronic acid(HA), a linear glycosaminoglycan polymer, is an inherent carbon source for gut microbiota and is capable of mitigating host inflammation by modulating gut microbiota. The length of hyaluronan can range from an oligomer to an extremely long-form up to millions of Daltons, and its biological functions depend on its molecular mass [1,2]. Presently, the precise mechanisms through which HA of varying molecular weights alleviates inflammation by modulating the gut microbiota remain unclear [3].

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杀人鸟鹤鸵地球上最后的恐龙？

环球人文地理 2024年第9期 70-77页

作者：鲨鲨 ms＿pics＿and＿more luismicss SALTY RIVER karegg arjan diegograndi wagner＿md Adam Debra electra kay-smith Zorro Stock images

科学研究表明，这种能吞火炭，能杀人，得到过吉尼斯世界纪录认证的大鸟，也许是地球上最后的恐龙。6500万年前，恐龙的足迹终结在那场白垩纪-古近纪灭绝事件中，斗转星移，其中的一部分生物进化至今，演变成了近万种鸟类。鹤鸵就是其...

科学研究表明，这种能吞火炭，能杀人，得到过吉尼斯世界纪录认证的大鸟，也许是地球上最后的恐龙。6500万年前，恐龙的足迹终结在那场白垩纪-古近纪灭绝事件中，斗转星移，其中的一部分生物进化至今，演变成了近万种鸟类。鹤鸵就是其中一种。它们生活在巴布亚新几内亚森林深处，就像恐龙世界最后的碎片。

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Iterative Bayesian Monte Carlo for nuclear data evaluation

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2022年第4期33卷 105-135页

作者： Erwin Alhassan Dimitri Rochman Alexander Vasiliev Mathieu Hursin arjan JKoning Hakim Ferroukhi Laboratory for Reactor Physics and Thermal-Hydraulics Paul Scherrer Institute5232 VilligenSwitzerland Division Large Research Facilities(GFA) Paul Scherrer InstituteVilligenSwitzerland Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne LausanneSwitzerland Nuclear Data Section International Atomic Energy Commission(IAEA)ViennaAustria Division of Applied Nuclear Physics Department of Physics and AstronomyUppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden

In this work,we explore the use of an iterative Bayesian Monte Carlo(iBMC)method for nuclear data evaluation within a TALYS Evaluated Nuclear Data Library(TENDL)*** goal is to probe the model and parameter space of the TALYS code system to find the optimal model and parameter sets that reproduces selected experimental *** method involves the simultaneous variation of many nuclear reaction models as well as their parameters included in the TALYS ***‘best’model set with its parameter set was obtained by comparing model calculations with selected experimental *** experimental data types were used:(1)reaction cross sections,(2)residual production cross sections,and(3)the elastic angular *** improve our fit to experimental data,we update our‘best’parameter set—the file that maximizes the likelihood function—in an iterative *** was determined by monitoring the evolution of the maximum likelihood estimate(MLE)values and was considered reached when the relative change in the MLE for the last two iterations was within 5%.Once the final‘best’file is identified,we infer parameter uncertainties and covariance information to this file by varying model parameters around this *** this way,we ensured that the parameter distributions are centered on our *** proposed method was applied to the evaluation of p+^(59)Co between 1 and 100 ***,the adjusted files were compared with experimental data from the EXFOR database as well as with evaluations from the TENDL-2019,JENDL/He-2007 and JENDL-4.0/HE nuclear data libraries.

关键词： Iterative Bayesian Monte Carlo(iBMC) Nuclear reaction models Model parameters Adjustments Bayesian calibration Nuclear data TALYS

The Dialectics of China＇s Foreign Aid： Interactions Shaping China＇s Aid Policy

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2015年第4期8卷 617-648页

作者： ward warmerdam arjan de Haan Kortenaerkade 12 2518LT Den Haag The Netherlands

China＇s foreign aid has received much attention, but the knowledge of its determinants is limited. we show how domestic political forces interact with international circumstances to shape Chinese aid policies. The article applies Carol Lancaster＇s framework on the interaction of domestic ideas, institutions, and in- terests in the development of foreign aid policy. we describe the dynamics of the Chinese domestic context and the interaction of these forces with international circumstances. The article concludes that shifts in ideology and interest both fa- cilitated and required changes in the foreign aid program. while other countries are subject to similar domestic political forces, China appears relatively unique as donor because of large oscillations and simultaneous continuity of its aid program under the pressure of these domestic political forces.

关键词： Chinese foreign aid Domestic political forces Aid determinants Geopolitics

Effect of transferring lignocellulose-degrading bacteria from termite to rumen fluid of sheep on in vitro gas production, fermentation parameters, microbial populations and enzyme activity

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第5期19卷 1323-1331页

作者： Ayoub AZIZI Afrooz SHARIFI Hasan FAZAELI Arash AZARFAR arjan JONKER Ali KIANI Department of Animal Science Faculty of AgricultureLorestan UniversityKhorramabad ***Iran Animal Science Research Department Khuzestan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education CenterAhvaz 613353341Iran Animal Science Research Institute AgricultureEducation and Extension OrganizationKaraj 315Iran Grasslands Research Centre AgResearch Ltd.Palmerston North 4442New Zealand

The digestive tract of termite(Microcerotermes diversus) contains a variety of lignocellulose-degrading bacteria with exocellulases enzyme activity, not found in the rumen, which could potentially improve fiber degradation in the rumen. The objectives of the current study were to determine the effect of inoculation of rumen fluid(RF) with three species of bacteria isolated from termite digestive tract, Bacillus licheniformis, Ochrobactrum intermedium, and Microbacterium paludicola, on in vitro gas production(IVGP), fermentation parameters, nutrient disappearance, microbial populations, and hydrolytic enzyme activities with fibrous wheat straw(wS) and date leaf(DL) as incubation substrate. Inoculation of RF with either of three termite bacteria increased(Pwith the control group(free of termite gut bacteria). Termite bacteria inoculation had no effect(P>0.05) on gas production characteristics, dry matter, organic matter and neutral detergent fiber disappearance, pH, and concentration and composition of volatile fatty acids. Population of proteolytic bacteria and protozoa, but not cellulolytic bacteria, were increased(Pwhen RF was inoculated with termite bacteria with both wS and DL substrates. Inoculation of RF with termite bacteria increased protease activity, while activities of carboxymethyl-cellulase, microcrystalline-cellulase, α-amylase and filter paper degrading activity remained unchanged(P>0.05). Overall, the results of this study indicated that transferring lignocellulose-degrading bacteria, isolated from digestive tract of termite, to rumen liquid increased protozoa and proteolytic bacteria population and consequently increased protease activity and ammonia-N concentration in vitro, however, no effect on fermentation and fiber degradation parameters were detected. These results suggest that the termite bacteria might be rapidly lysed by the rumen microbes before beneficial effects on the rumen fermentation proc

关键词： enzyme activity gas production lignocellulose-degrading bacteria microbial population termite bacteria