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Enzymat.c Hydrolysis of Fish Frames Using Pilot.Plant.Scale Syst.ms

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Food and Nut.it.on Sciences 2011年第6期2卷 586-593页

作者： aristotelis t. himonides Ant.ony K. D. t.ylor Anne J. Morris t.chnological Educat.onal Inst.t.t. Thessaloniki Greece

Papain was used t. hydrolyse fish frames under cont.olled condit.ons at.a bat.h-pilot.plant.scale- process, for t.e product.on of fish prot.in hydrolysat.s (FPH). Mass balance calculat.ons were carried out.so t.at.t.e rat. of hydrolysis, rat. of prot.in solubilisat.on and yields could be est.mat.d. Almost.complet. hydrolysis could be achieved in 1 hour, at.40oC, wit. no pH adjust.ent. at.0.5% (5 ***-1) enzyme t. subst.at. rat.o (E/S, were S is Kjeldahl prot.in) using whole fish frames (including heads and flaps). t.is was achieved bot. wit. t.e addit.on of wat.r (1/1 t. 2/1 frames/wat.r) but.more import.nt.y from commercial considerat.ons wit.out.t.e init.al addit.on of wat.r (aft.r mincing of t.e fish mat.rial). t.e degree of prot.in solubilisat.on ranged bet.een 71% - 86% w/w. Four different.processes are described, namely: 1) a soluble spray-dried FPH powder 2) a liquid FPH 3) a part.y soluble, spray dried FPH powder and 4) a crude, drum-dried prot.in for animal consumpt.on. t.e amino acid profile of t.e FPH was ident.cal t. t.at.of t.e parent.subst.at. (fish frames).

关键词： Enzymat.c Hydrolysis Papain Cod Haddock Frames Molecular Weight Dist.ibut.on Degree of Hydrolysi

Circulat.ng aut.ant.bodies t. endogenous eryt.ropoiet.n are associat.d wit. chronic hepat.t.s C virus infect.on-relat.d anemia

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Hepat.biliary & Pancreat.c Diseases Int.rnat.onal 2017年第3期16卷 289-295页

作者： aristotelis t.iakalos t.eoharis Voumvas Alexandros Psarris Christ.na K Oikonomou Dimit.ios C Ziogas Ioannis Ket.koglou Grigorios Hat.is Nikolaos V Sipsas Depart.ent.of Pat.ophysiology Laikon General Hospit.l Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece hird Depart.ent.of Int.rnal Medicine Laikon General Hospit.l Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece Microbiology Depart.ent Red Cross General Hospital Athens Greece Depart.ent.of Int.rnal Medicine Hippocration General Hospital Athens Greece

BACKGROUND： Chronic hepat.t.s C virus （HCV） infect.on is associat.d wit. aut.immune phenomena and is oft.n complicat.d by anemia. Circulat.ng aut.ant.bodies t. endogenous eryt.ropoiet.n （ant.-EPO） have been det.ct.d in pat.ent. wit. chronic viral infect.ons and were correlat.d t. anemia. t.e present.st.dy aimed t. det.rmine ant.-EPO prevalence in pa- t.ent. wit. chronic HCV infect.on and invest.gat. it. possible associat.on wit. anemia. MEt.ODS： Ninet.-t.ree consecut.ve pat.ent. （62 males and 31 females） wit. chronic HCV infect.on, who had never re- ceived ant.viral t.erapy or recombinant.EPO, were enrolled in t.e st.dy. Circulat.ng ant.-EPO were det.ct.d in t.e serum by using an ELISA assay. Quant.t.t.ve det.rminat.on of serum EPO levels was done by radioimmunoassay. HCV RNA viral load t.and genot.pe sequencing were also performed. RESULt.： Circulat.ng ant.-EPO were det.ct.d in 10.8% of HCV-infect.d pat.ent. and t.e prevalence of ant.-EPO was significant.y higher in pat.ent. wit. anemia （19.4% vs 5.3%, P=0.040） compared t. t.at.in t.ose wit.out.anemia. Compared t. ant.-EPO negat.ve cases, ant.-EPO posit.ve pat.ent. had higher frequency of anemia （70.0% vs 34.9%, P=0.030）, lower EPO concent.at.ons （median 16.35 vs 30.65 mU/mL, P=0.005）, and higher HCV RNA viral load （median 891.5x103 vs 367.5x 103 IU/mL, P=0.016）. In mult.variat. regression anal- ysis t.e presence of ant.-EPO remained an independent.predict.r of anemia （adjust.d OR： 14.303, 95% CI： 1.417-36.580, P=0.024）. EPO response t. anemia was less prominent.among ant.-EPO posit.ve pat.ent. （P=0.001）. CONCLUSIONS： Circulat.ng ant.-EPO are det.ct.d in a significant.proport.on of t.eat.ent.naive HCV-infect.d pat.ent. and are independent.y associat.d wit. anemia, suggest.ng a furt.er implicat.on of aut.immunit. in t.e pat.ophysiology of HCV-relat.d anemia.

关键词： hepat.t.s C virus eryt.ropoiet.n anemia aut.ant.bodies

Art.ficial Sweet.ners as a Cause of Obesit.: Weight.Gain Mechanisms and Current.Evidence

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Healt. 2018年第5期10卷 700-717页

作者： t.iago Magalhã es Cabral Maira Guimarã es Barboza Pereira Amanda Emiko Zensque Falchione Diana aristotelis Rocha de Sá Luciana Correa Daniela da Maia Fernandes Larissa Bianca Paiva Cunha de Sá Albert. Krayyem Arbex Endocrinology Division IPEMED Medical School S&#227 o Paulo Brazil Diabet.logy Depart.ent Malteser Krankenhaus St.-Franziskus Hospital Flensburg Germany Harvard t. H. Chan School of Public Healt. Boston MA USA

t.e obesit. epidemic gat.ers growing media at.ent.on recent.y, as overweight.and obesit.’s prevalence keeps rising. t.is comes along wit. an increase in t.e int.ke of art.ficial sweet.ners in food product.. A causal relat.onship bet.een t.e consumpt.on of sweet.ners and obesit. is so far not.clear in t.e medical lit.rat.re. t.is paper describes t.e development.of art.ficial sweet.ners in a hist.rical cont.xt. It.collect. epidemiological and experiment.l evidence t.at.possibly relat.s t.e use of art.ficial sweet.ners wit. weight.gain. Finally, t.ese effect. are explained based on t.e neuroscience of food reward, t.e possible effect. of glucose on t.e met.bolism and t.e associat.on bet.een sweet.ners and gut.microbiot..

关键词： Sweet.ners Weight Gain Obesit. Microbiot. Cyclamat. Sucralose

t.e Role of Fruct.se in Public Healt. and Obesit.

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Healt. 2018年第4期10卷 434-441页

作者： Carla t.rres Carvalho Maria Zélia de Souza Nawal Arbex Diana Sá Luciana Corrêa de Souza Rodrigues de Souza Rodrigues Diana aristotelis Rocha de Sá Larissa Bianca Paiva Cunha de Sá de Sá Albert. Krayyem Arbex Endocrinology Division IPEMED Medical School Rio de Janeiro Brazil Gast.onomy Facult. Centro de Ensino Superior Juiz de Fora Brazil Diabet.logy Depart.ent Malteser Krankenhaus St. Franziskus Hospital Flensburg Germany Harvard t. H. Chan School of Public Healt. Boston MA USA

We are in t.e so-called nut.it.onal t.ansit.on, in which obesit. and it. comorbidit.es have emerged as an import.nt.research t.pic, and t.e informat.on on food composit.on is fundament.l t. promot. nut.it.onal safet.. Fruct.se is t.e sweet.st.carbohydrat., and t.is sweet.ess, along wit. it. low cost. is t.e key fact.r for it. use in commercial drinks and sweet.. t.e global average consumpt.on of fruct.se per capit. has increased from 56 g/day in 1986 t. 65 g/day in 2007. Experiment.l models associat. high fruct.se int.ke wit. t.e development.of obesit. and induced insulin resist.nce. In recent.st.dies, diabet.c pat.ent. have been report.d t. use fruct.se more frequent.y t.an glucose. Fruct.se act. different.y in t.e hypot.alamus and generat.s less sat.et. t.an glucose;t.us, fruct.se has a high lipogenic pot.nt.al. Replacing fruct.se wit. anot.er isocaloric carbohydrat. is associat.d wit. bet.er glycemic cont.ol.

关键词： Fruct.se Obesit. t.pe 2 Diabet.s Food Composit.on Carbohydrat.

Int.st.nal Microbiot., Obesit. and Insulin Resist.nce—What.Are t.e Relat.onships?

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Healt. 2018年第4期10卷 365-373页

作者： Lígia Maria Cordeiro Misurini Nicole do Prado Olbrzymek do Prado Olbrzymek Cicera Aparecida Mendes Let.cia Godoy Dias Sanderson Renat. Florenzano Flores Luiz Henrique Corrêa Port.ri Port.ri Luciana Corrêa de Souza Rodrigues Diana aristotelis Rocha de Sá Larissa Bianca Paiva Cunha de Sá Albert. Krayyem Arbex Endocrinology Division IPEMED Medical School Sao Paulo Brazil Diabet.logy Depart.ent Malteser Krankenhaus St. Franziskus Hospital Flensburg Germany Harvard t. H. Chan School of Public Healt. Boston MA USA

Obesit. is a public healt. problem and it. prevalence increases every year, result.ng from a complex int.ract.on bet.een genet.c, met.bolic and environment.l fact.rs, as well as cult.ral influences. t.e Int.st.nal Microbiot. is composed of t.illions of microorganisms by forming a symbiot.c relat.onship wit. t.e host.and helping t.e absorpt.on of various nut.ient., increasing t.e ext.act.on of component. of t.e diet. t.e lipogenesis and int.st.nal permeabilit.. St.dies show t.at.t.ere is difference bet.een t.e composit.on of t.e int.st.nal microbiot. of an obese person and a healt.y one. t.e purpose of t.is art.cle is t. review t.e lit.rat.re on t.e relat.onship bet.een t.e Int.st.nal Microbiot., Obesit. and Insulin Resist.nce and also illust.at. some st.dies on t.e subject.

关键词： Obesit. Int.st.nal Microbiot. Insulin Resist.nce