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Whole-genome sequences shed light on the demographic history and contemporary genetic erosion of free-ranging jaguar(Panthera onca) populations

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2022年第1期49卷 77-80页

作者： Gustavo P.Lorenzana Henrique V.Figueirò Jeremy Johnson Elinor Karlsson Ronaldo G.Morato Dênis A.Sana Laury Cullen Joares A.May Jr. Edsel A.moraes Jr. Daniel L.Z.Kantek Leandro Silveira William J.Murphy Oliver A.Ryder Eduardo Eizirik Pontiﬁcal Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul PUCRS.School of Health and Life SciencesPorto AlegreRS 90619Brazil Christopher B.Kaelin Gregory S.Barsh HudsonAlpha Institute for BiotechnologyHuntsvilleAL 35806USA Vertebrate Genome Biology Broad InstituteCambridgeMA 02142USA CENAP/ICMBio AtibaiaSP 12952Brazil PPG Biologia Animal Instituto de Bioci^enciasUFRGSPorto AlegreRS 90650Brazil Instituto de Pesquisas Ecol ogicas Teodoro SampaioSP 19280Brazil UniSul TubarãoSC 88704Brazil Instituto Prò-CarnivorosAtibaiaSP 12945Brazil Instituto Biotr opicos DiamantinaMG39100Brazil Estacão Ecologica de Taiamã ICMBioCaceresMT 78200Brazil Instituto Onca-pintada-Jaguar Conservation Fund MineirosGO 75830Brazil Texas A&M University College StationTX 77843USA San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research San DiegoCA 92027USA Pontiﬁcal Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul PUCRS.School of Health and Life SciencesPorto AlegreRS 90619Brazil Instituto Pr o-Carni¬vorosAtibaiaSP 12945Brazil Centro Regional del Bajio INECOLP atzcuaroMIC61600Mexico Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute WashingtonDC20008USA

Whole-genome sequences provide massive amounts of data that can illuminate many aspects of a species’biology and evolutionary history,as well as valuable information for conservation *** is particularly important for large carnivores,whose large area requirements and typical low densities make them prone to undergo rapid genetic erosion(*** of runs of homozygosity,Diez del Molino et al.,2018;Leroy et al.,2018)in the face of habitat loss and human *** such species is the jaguar(Pan-thera onca),the largest extant felid in the Americas,whose range has already declined by>50%and some of whose remaining popu-lations have been severely impacted by human-induced habitat frag-mentation(de La Torre et al.,2018).

关键词： Whole habitat erosion

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Susceptibility to Fluconazole and Ketoconazole of Candida spp. Isolated from Primary and Episodic Vulvovaginites by E-Test (São Paulo, SP, Brazil)

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2016年第12期6卷 689-697页

作者： Humberto Fabio Boatto Manoel João Batista Castello Girão Elaine Cristina Francisco Alexandre Paulo Machado Maria Sayonara de moraes Olga Fischman department of Gynecology Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Sao Paulo-UNIFESP Sao Paulo Brazil department of Microbiology Immunology and Parasitology Federal University of Sao Paulo-UNIFESP Sao Paulo Brazil department of Basic Sciences in Health Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Mato Grosso-UFMT Sao Paulo Brazil dermatologist of Sao Paulo State Secretary of Health Sao Paulo Brazil

Purpose: To evaluate the profile of in vitro susceptibility of yeasts isolated from cases of primary and espisodic vulvovaginitis to two antifungal agents. Methods: 40 Candida isolates from episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis were identified by classic methodologies. The susceptibility testing of the in vitro fluconazole and ketoconazole activity against the isolates was accessed by E-test. Results: C. albicans was the most common species identified in 70% of the occurrences followed by C. glabrata (20%), C. tropicalis (7.5%), and C. guilliermondii (2.5%). In the susceptibility profile to antifungal agents, 12.5% and 16.7% of the isolates obtained from primary and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis were resistant to fluconazole, respectively. To ketoconazole, we found that 6.25% and 12.5% of the isolates respectively from primary vulvovaginal candidiasis (PVVC) and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis (EVVC) had high MIC values. Conclusions: E-test is a reliable method for the susceptibility testing of Candida spp. due to its simplicity, reproducibility, and lack of specialized equipment. Resistant strains and non-albicans species were verified more in cases of EVVC than in PVVC. Clinical and mycological cure of patients with episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis or complicated cases occurred after prolonged treatment and sometimes with multiple antifungals use.

关键词： Antifungal Susceptibility Candida Candidiasis Vulvovaginal E-Test Non-Albicans Species

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Nutrients Available and Stable Carbon from Archaeological Black Earth

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2021年第11期12卷 873-886页

作者： Antônio Roberto de Oliveira Meireles Vanda Porpino Lemos Orivan Maria Marques Teixeira Kelly das Graças Fernandes Dantas Dantas Marcelly Christian Galvão Rodrigues Machado Milena Carvalho de moraes School Tenente Rego Barros Bel&eacute m Brazil College of Chemistry Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences Federal University of Par&aacute Bel&eacute m Brazil Soil and Plant Laboratory Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Bel&eacute m Brazil Coordination of Earth Sciences and Ecology Emílio Goeldi Museum of Par&aacute Bel&eacute m Brazil

The present study aims affinity between available concentrations of phosphorus, micronutrients (Cu, Zn and Mn) and stable carbon (SC) in archaeological black earth (ABE) from area “Ilha de Terra”/Caxiuanã—Pará. The relevance of this study refers especially to the determination of carbon concentrations (total, oxidable and semi-labile carbon) directly associated with those of pyrogenic carbon, common in ABE, which should add their contributions to the understanding of soil organic matter recalcitrance. Chemical properties such as CEC and base saturation were determined for ABE and subjacent Latossoil. The available concentrations of nutrients were performed from sequential extraction F1 to F5 phases. Phosphorus was obtained by spectrophotometric method and micronutrients by MP-AES. TOC was determined by the combustion method;stable carbon was obtained from thermoxidation method CTO-375. The following results were obtained from ABE: CEC effective = 21 to 28 (cmolc·L-1);base saturation = 58% to 69%;Carbon concentrations (%): TOC = 2.95 to 3.94;SC = 0.25 to 0.88;semi-labile carbon = 1.75 to 3.63;oxidable = 2.11 to 3.65;inorganic carbon 0.01 to 0.38;P2O5 concentrations (mg·kg-1) in the ABE phases F3 (Fe-Mn oxides, F4 (organic ) and F5 (residual)) in the following order: 35 to 65;200 to 400;140 to 230. It was concluded that the chemical properties in ABE from Ilha de Terra site fall within the range of fertile and the high concentrations of phosphorus are biogenic origin. Phases F3 and F4 are those considered nutrient stocks from ABE studied area.

关键词： Pyrogenic Carbon Oxidable Carbon Phosphorus Micronutrients Soil Organic Matter

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Instrumentation of Infiltrometers with Arduino to determine Soil Water Infiltration Rate

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Agricultural Sciences 2020年第11期11卷 1109-1115页

作者： Afranio Almir Righes Felipe Henrique moraes Galileo Adeli Buriol Environmental and Sanitary Engineering Program at UFN Franciscan University Santa Maria Brazil

The intense mobilization of the soil inappropriately causes a reduction in the percentage of macropores and in the rate of soil water infiltration with reduction of crop yield. Due to the difficulty of using the Muntz concentric ring method, researchers have used mathematical models to estimate infiltration based on soil physical parameters such as, soil texture that does not reflect physical reality in relation to infiltration rate, leading to errors. To automate the use of the infiltrometer ring method, there are no hydrometers that record small flows in non-pressurized hydraulic systems, making it difficult to automate the method for field determination. For this purpose, six Muntz double rings were instrumented with an electromechanical system coupled to the “Tipin Buked” (weighbridge) with the ability to record flows from 8 cm3∙minute−1 on a memory card. The results indicate that the models of the regression equations describe 93% to 99% of the real values, showing the accuracy of the equipment. This work aimed to modify the Muntz method to reduce field work and automate the determination of water infiltration rate in the soil.

关键词： Tipin Buked Arduino Automation Method of Double Rings

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Prevalence,phenotype and medication for the pediatric inflammatory bowel disease population of a state in Southeastern Brazil

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2022年第4期11卷 341-350页

作者： Adalberta Lima Martins Renata de SáBrito Fróes Maria da Penha Zago-Gomes Pharmaceutical Assistance Health Department of Espírito SantoVitoria 29052-210Espírito SantoBrazil department of Gastroenterology GastromedRio de Janeiro 22640-100Rio de JaneiroBrazil departament of Medical Clinical Hospital Universitário Cassiano Antonio MoraesVitoria 29042-755Espírito SantoBrazil

BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)can lead to social and economic impacts *** Brazil,where its adult prevalence is increasing,the epidemiology of the pediatric population is not well known,although there is a documented increase in pediatric IBD incidence *** has continental dimensions,and Espírito Santo is a state of southeastern Brazil,the region with the highest demographic densities and is the economically most important in the *** To assess the prevalence,incidence,phenotype and medications in a Southeastern Brazilian pediatric *** Data were retrieved from the Public Medication-Dispensing System of the department of Health in Espírito Santo state from documentation required to have access to highly expensive medication from August 1,2012 to July 31,*** were 1048 registered patients with IBD of all ages,and of these patients,the cases≤17 years were *** data were obtained through the analysis of administrative requests for these medications and included medical reports,endoscopy exams,histopathology and imaging tests,which followed the Clinical Protocols and Therapeutic Guidelines of the Brazilian *** confirmed cases of IBD were included in the *** There were 55 pediatric patients/1048 registered patients(5.34%),with Crohn's disease(CD)representing 30/55(55%),ulcerative colitis(UC)24/55(43.6%)and 1 unclassified IBD,a significant difference from adult patients(P=0.004).The prevalence of IBD in pediatric patients was 5.02 cases/100.000 inhabitants;the incidence in 2014 was 1.36 cases/100.000 *** mean age at diagnosis was 12.2 years(±4.2).There were 7 children diagnosed up to 6 years old,7 between 7 to 10 years old and 41 between 11 and≤17 years *** was no difference in the distribution of UC and CD between these age categories(P=0.743).There was no difference in gender distribution in relation to *** and adolescents with UC had a predominance of

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Pediatric Prevalence Phenotype Brazil

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Managing natural grasslands in a changing world:grazing ecology insights to accomplish reoriented management expectations

Managing natural grasslands in a changing world:grazing ecol...

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ⅩⅪ International Grassland Congress and the Ⅷ International Rangeland Congress

作者： Paulo C.de F.Carvalho Sila C.da Silva Carlos Nabinger Anibal de moraes Teresa C.M.Genro Plantas Forrageiras e Agrometeorologia-UFRGS.Av.Bento Goncalves 7712 CEP 91501-970 Porto Alegre-RSBrazil.Depto.

＜正＞Key points: *** is an increasing debate regarding the quality of pastoral *** than the production per se,a series of multifunctional responsibilities have been attributed to the pastoral ecosystems,that they always had,but have only became imperative as the world natural resources became threatened. *** quality of the use of a pastoral ecosystem can be interpreted through signals emitted by their biotic and abiotic

关键词： biodiversity ingestive behaviour plant functional types Brazilian Pampa sward structure

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NURBS Parameterization for Medical Surface Reconstruction

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Applied Mathematics 2016年第2期7卷 137-144页

作者： Dalton Fazanaro Paulo Amorim Thiago moraes Jorge Silva Helio Pedrini Tridimensional Technology Division Center for Information Technology Renato Archer Campinas Brazil Institute of Computing University of Campinas Campinas Brazil

InVesalius is an open-source software for reconstruction of computed tomography and magnetic resonance images, which allows the user to make analysis and segmentation of virtual anatomical models. Physical models can be printed with the aid of rapid prototyping, giving the medical community a reliable instrument to help planning surgeries. To offer the user more control over the model, this work describes a methodology and tool developed for NURBS parameterization that provides mechanisms for adjusting the shape or even selecting a particular region of interest of the surface. Furthermore, the tool gives the option to export the final results of the process to a STEP file, which allows further edition in any well-known CAD software.

关键词： Parametric Modeling Surface Fitting B-Splines STEP File Export InVesalius

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Evaluation of cats(Felis catus)as possible asymptomatic carriers of dermatophytes in extreme south of Brazil

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2015年第5期 370-371页

作者： Tony Silveira Mariana Remiao Camila Graeff Fabiana Poetsch Guilherme Azevedo Juliane Guimaraes Rafaela Bellora Tassiane moraes Pedro Quevedo Renata de Faria Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology Federal University of PelotasPelotasRSBrasil Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Federal University of PelotasPelotasRSBrasil Postgraduate Program in Parasitology Federal University of PelotasPelotasRSBrasil

Objective:To investigate the presence of Microsporum canis in pelage of asymptomatic cats for dermatophytosis,in south region of Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil,and evaluate its importance in epidemiology of dermatophytosis in the study ***:A total of 60 domestic cats were evaluated for the presence of Microsporum *** animals were divided into three groups of 20 *** group consisted of exclusively domiciled,semi-domiciled and rural *** were collected following the carpet-square *** microorganisms were cultivated under laminar flow in mycosel agar and grown in a ***:All the cats of the three groups analysed had negative cultures for *** 85%of the dishes,there was a growth of environmental saprophytic fungi such as Aspergillus sp.,Fusarium *** Penicillium ***:Thus,asymptomatic cats for dermatophytes did not show importance in the transmission and maintenance of the disease in southern of Rio Grande do Sul,Brazil.

关键词： dermatophytosis Epidemiology Fur

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Above-Optimum Temperature-Induced Differential Photosynthetic and Roots Morphometric Responses in Two Contrasting Rice Genotypes

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2017年第5期7卷 309-319页

作者： Diogo da Silva Moural Italo Lucas de moraes Rodrigo da Silva Armestol Rafael Silva da Silva Femanda Reolon Junior Borela Paulo Ricardo Reis Fagundes Giovani Greigh de Brito Sidnei deuner Institute of Biology Department of Botany Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) Capao do Leao 96010-900 RS Brazil EMBRAPA Temperate Climate Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation Pelotas 96010-971 RS Brazil

Temperature thresholds during the rice (Oryza sativa L.) cycle development have been reported to affect plant metabolism. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of the above-optimal temperature on photosynthetic and morphometric parameters in two contrasting irrigated rice genotypes (BRS Querência—-sensitive and Nagina 22 (N22)—-tolerant). Plants of both genotypes were grown in rhizotrons and always maintained under two temperature conditions: Out—-under environmental temperature conditions, and In—-rhizotrons inside a plastic structure, which increased the temperature about 3 °C to 5 °C above the external one. In the genotype N22, there was an increase (twofold higher) in CO2 assimilation in plants cultivated under elevated temperature (In). In BRS Querência, the stomatal conductance (gs) and transpiration rate (E) decreased upon high temperature. The rise in the temperature also negatively impacted in the modulated fluorescence parameters in both genotypes. Increases in root dry weight (RDW) and shoot dry weight (SDW) were also observed in the genotype N22 when compared to BRS Querência upon temperature rise. In general, the N22 genotype showed greater response to the above-optimal temperature due to its intrinsic thermotolerance traits over BRS Querência. Thus, N22 appeared as a potential donor of heat tolerance genes aiming to obtain new cultivar to face current global warming.

关键词：温度调节遗传型合并新栽培变种分光温度上升 Oryza BRS

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Correlation between Rainfall and Mass Movements in North Coast Region of Sao Paulo State, Brazil for 2014-2018

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International Journal of Geosciences 2018年第12期9卷 669-679页

作者： Daniel Metodiev Marcio Roberto Magalhaes de Andrade Rodolfo Moreda Mendes Marcio Augusto Ernesto de moraes Tehrrie Konig Cassiano Antonio Bortolozo Tiago Bernardes Rafael Alexandre Ferreira Luiz Juliano Oliveira Martins Coelho National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (CEMAdeN) Sao Jose dos Campos Sao Paulo Brazil

The monitoring of related hourly and accumulated rainfall index requires that critical thresholds of accumulated 72 hours rainfall are updated frequently according with the factors and local conditions (natural and anthropic) of each specific risk area. The importance of empirical methods is fundamental to confirm the relationship between rainfall intensity and accumulated rainfall with the mass movement events, in order to establish the critical threshold values. The present work performs an evaluation of the record data of mass movement events occurred in Sao Paulo State North coast region for a 4-year period (2014 to 2018) considering different mass movement characteristics (slope type, magnitude and impact level). Some rainfall values were obtained to show that within these parameters an event related to natural and anthropic features was triggered. A database was created, sorting source of information and municipalities monitored, to implement the correlation between the mass movement events and the rainfall values. To elaborate the event’s map, reliable record data of localization of the mass movement events was selected, as well as the nearest possible raingauges of CEMAdeN (National Center for Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters);also the exact event triggering time, selection by the slope type, the magnitude and the impact level of the mass movement event. The rainfall values of these raingauges allowed the calculation of the accumulated rainfall index for 1, 3, 6, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours, with the adoption of the 72 hours index for this work. The correlation graphics are divided by the slope type, the magnitude and the impact level of the mass movement event. Different critical thresholds appear, classifying such event by the influence level of triggering factors, natural and/or anthropic.

关键词： Mass Movement Events Rainfall Intensity Accumulated Rainfall Critical Thresholds Sao Paulo State-Brazil

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