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CT Th.esh.lds for Spinal Bone Mineral Attenuation to Prioritize Eligible Older Women for Osteoporosis Screening

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Open Journal of Radiology 2024年第2期14卷 92-101页

作者： Seo Yeon K. Orite Bryn h.guch. h.o-Ch.n Yoon Lana h. Gimber St. Elizabeth. Medical Center Brighton MA USA University of California Irvine CA USA Kaiser Permanente Division of Research Oakland CA USA Department of Diagnostic Imaging Hawaii Permanente Medical Group Honolulu HI USA

Introduction: Computed tomograph. (CT) measurements of bone mineral attenuation may be a useful means to identify older women wh. sh.uld be prioritized for bone mineral density screening. Meth.ds: We compared bone mineral attenuation as measured in th. L1 vertebra of CT studies to th. results of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) studies to determine wh.t CT attenuation th.esh.lds migh. yield a reasonable combination of sensitivity and specificity for th. detection of osteoporosis. Th. study was limited to women between th. ages of 65 and 75 years wh. h.d a DEXA study and a CT th.t included th. L1 or adjacent vertebra performed with.n 3 years of th. DEXA study. Results: Th.re were 1226 women in th.s study, of wh.m 452 (38%) h.d osteoporosis based on a T-score ≤ −2.5 by DEXA. Th.re were 830 CT studies performed with.contrast and 396 studies wh.ch.were performed with.ut contrast. Th.re was a statistically significant difference in th. mean h. of th.se studies performed with.ut contrast compared to th.se with.contrast (unenh.nced mean 103 h. versus 125 h., p h.esh.lds provided th. most appropriate combination of sensitivity and specificity for th. detection of osteoporosis wh.n comparing CT studies performed with.ut or with.IV contrast and wh.n all th. CT data were used in aggregate. Conclusion: Different th.esh.lds appear necessary wh.n using th. mean CT vertebral attenuation to identify older women for preferential referral for DEXA studies.

关键词： Osteoporosis Bone Mineral Attenuation CT Th.esh.ld

An Improved Binary Quantum-based Avian Navigation Optimizer Algorith. to Select Effective Feature Subset from Medical Data:A COVID-19 Case Study

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2024年第1期21卷 426-446页

作者： Ali Fatah. Moh.mmad h.Nadimi-Sh.h.aki h.da Zamani Faculty of Computer Engineering Najafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabad ***Iran Big Data Research.Center Najafabad BranchIslamic Azad UniversityNajafabad ***Iran

Feature Subset Selection(FSS)is an NP-h.rd problem to remove redundant and irrelevant features particularly from medical data,and it can be effectively addressed by metah.uristic ***,existing binary versions of metah.uristic algorith.s h.ve issues with.convergence and lack an effective binarization meth.d,resulting in suboptimal solutions th.t h.nder diagnosis and prediction *** paper aims to propose an Improved Binary Quantum-based Avian Navigation Optimizer Algorith.(IBQANA)for FSS in medical data preprocessing to address th. suboptimal solutions arising from binary versions of metah.uristic *** proposed IBQANA’s contributions include th. h.brid Binary Operator(h.O)and th. Distance-based Binary Search.Strategy(DBSS).h.O is designed to convert continuous values into binary solutions,even for values outside th.[0,1]range,ensuring accurate binary *** th. oth.r h.nd,DBSS is a two-ph.se search.strategy th.t enh.nces th. performance of inferior search.agents and accelerates *** combining exploration and exploitation ph.ses based on an adaptive probability function,DBSS effectively avoids local *** effectiveness of applying h.O is compared with.five transfer function families and th.esh.lding on 12 medical datasets,with.feature numbers ranging from 8 to 10,***'s effectiveness is evaluated regarding th. accuracy,fitness,and selected features and compared with.seven binary metah.uristic ***,IBQANA is utilized to detect *** results reveal th.t th. proposed IBQANA outperforms all comparative algorith.s on COVID-19 and 11 oth.r medical *** proposed meth.d presents a promising solution to th. FSS problem in medical data preprocessing.

关键词： Feature subset selection Optimization Binary metah.uristic algorith.s Bioinspired Mach.ne learning Medical datasets

Influence of Confined Concrete Models on th. Seismic Response of RC Frames

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Structural Durability & h.alth.Monitoring 2024年第3期18卷 197-222页

作者： h.seyin Bilgin Bredli Plaku Department of Civil Engineering EPOKA UniversityTirana1039Albania

In th.s study, th. influence of confined concrete models on th. response of reinforced concrete structures is investigatedat member and global system levels. Th. commonly encountered concrete models such.as Modified Kent-Park, Saatçioğlu-Razvi, and Mander are considered. Two moment-resisting frames designed according to th.pre-modern code are taken into consideration to reflect th. example of an RC moment-resisting frame in th.current building stock. Th. building is in an earth.uake-prone zone located on Z3 Soil Type. Th. inelasticresponse of th. building frame is modelled by considering th. plastic h.nges formed on each.beam and columnelement for different concrete classes and stirrups spacings. Th. models are subjected to non-linear static *** differences between confined concrete models are comparatively investigated at both.reinforced concretemember and system levels. Based on th. results of th. comparative analysis, it is revealed th.t th. column beh.viouris mostly influenced by th. ch.ice of model, due to axial loads and confinement effects, wh.le th. beams areless affected, and also it is observed th.t th. differences exh.bited in th. moment-curvature response of columncross-sections do not significantly affect th. overall beh.viour of th. global system. Th.s h.gh.igh.s th. critical roleof model selection relative to th. concrete strength.and stirrup spacing of th. member.

关键词： Non-linear static analysis moment-curvature relationsh.ps plastic h.nges concrete confinement models seismic action

Th. Rising Burden of h.patocellular Carcinoma: Is th. Gender Gap Narrowing?

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Journal of Clinical and Translational h.patology 2024年第9期12卷 763-764页

作者： James K.h.h. Prem h.Th.rairajah.Daniel Q.h.ang Kristie h.Fan Division of Gastroenterology and h.patology National University HospitalNational University Health SystemSingaporeSingapore

Dear Editors,Th. landscape of h.patocellular carcinoma(h.C)is continuously *** global trends indicate a significant sh.ft in th. epidemiology of h.C from viral-related to non-viral-related ***-associated fatty liver disease h.s emerged as th. fastest-growing contributor to h.C in recent years,due to th. increased prevalence of obesity and metabolic risk factors.

关键词： Carcinoma epidemiology obesity

RARRES2's impact on lipid metabolism in triplenegative breast cancer:a path.ay to brain metastasis

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Military Medical Research 2024年第2期11卷 311-312页

作者： Quazi T.h.Sh.bh.a Institute of Ch.mistry University of Silesia in Katowice41‑500 ChorzowPoland Department of Neurosurgery Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430060China

Breast cancer brain metastasis(BCBrM)is a crucial and h.rd area of research.wh.ch.guarantees an urgent need to understand th. underlying molecular mech.nisms.A recent study by Li et al.[1]publish.d in Military Medical Research.investigated th. role of retinoic acid receptor responder 2(RARRES2)in regulating lipid metabolism in BCBrM,h.gh.igh.ing th. clinical relevance of alterations in lipid metabolites,such.as ph.sph.tidylch.line(PC)and triacylglycerols(TAGs),by RARRES2 th.ough.th. modulation of ph.sph.tase and tensin h.mologue(PTEN)-mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR)-sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1(SREBP1)signaling *** commentary aims to elaborate on th. key findings and th.ir relevance to th. field.

关键词： Retinoic acid receptor responder 2(RARRES2) Lipid metabolism Cancer PTEN-mTOR-SREBP1 signaling Metabolic reprogramming Brain metastasis

Exploring one material for dual applications:A red-emitting Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)nanoph.sph.r for future generation energy efficient WLEDs and dosimetric applications

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Journal of Rare Earth. 2024年第10期42卷 1835-1845页

作者： Aksh.y Arjun G.P.Darsh.n S.C.Sh.rma h.Nagabh.sh.na D.V.Sunith. h.B.Premkumar Department of Ph.sics Faculty of Mathematical and Physical SciencesM.S.Ramaiah University of Applied SciencesBengaluru560054India h.norary Professor of Law and Forensic Materials Jain UniversityBengaluru560069India C.N.R.Rao Centre for Advanced Materials Tumkur UniversityTumkur572103India Sch.ol of Applied Sciences(Ph.sics) REVA UniversityBengaluru560064India

Th. envisaged design and developme nt of individual mate rials to excavate a broader spectrum of desired properties and offer multiple applications are h.gh.y *** th.s in mind,a series of forsterite-structured Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanoph.sph.rs was synth.sized via a solution combustion meth.d using oxalyl dih.drazide as a *** X-ray diffraction patterns confirm th. orth.rh.mbic crystal system with.a Puma space *** results clearly sh.w irregularly sh.ped cluster-like structures with.aggregation of th. *** diffuse reflectance spectra,th. optical energy band gap of th. Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanoph.sph.rs was estimated and obtained to be~4.12-4.32 *** ph.toluminescence emission spectra exh.bit intense peaks at^(5)79,589,610,661,and 707 nm,wh.ch.are due to ch.racteristic^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(0),^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(1),^(5)Do→^(7)F_(2),^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(3)and^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(4)transitions of Eu^(3+)ions,*** Commission International de L'Eclairage color coordinates are gradually tuned from pale red(0.5980,0.4012)to a pure red(0.6385,0.3611)*** glow peaks sh.wcase excellent super-linear response at low doses ofγ-irradiations,indicating th.t th. prepared ph.sph.r can be used in th.rmoluminescent personal dosimetry wh.ch.is a biological tissue *** aforementioned results demonstrate th.t th. prepared Mg_(2)GeO_(4):Eu^(3+)(1 mol%-9 mol%)nanoph.sph.rs are considered an excellent candidate for dual applications,i.e.,red component in future generation wh.te-ligh.-emitting diodes(WLEDs)and personal dosimetric applications.

关键词： Nanoph.sph.rs Ph.toluminescence Th.rmoluminescence Dosimetry Ph.tometric properties Rare earth.

Discrete Boltzmann model with.split collision for nonequilibrium reactive flows

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Communications in Th.oretical Ph.sics 2024年第8期76卷 164-186页

作者： Ch.andong Lin Kai h.Luo h.ilin Lai Sino-French.Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Tech.ology Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory for Th.rmal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Mech.nical Engineering National University of Singapore10 Kent Ridge Crescent119260Singapore Department of Mech.nical Engineering University College LondonTorrington PlaceLondon WC1E 7JEUnited Kingdom Sch.ol of Math.matics and Statistics Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications(Ministry of Education)Fujian Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications(FJKLAMA)Center for Applied Mathematics of Fujian Province(FJNU)Fujian Normal University350117 FuzhouChina

A multi-relaxation-time discrete Boltzmann model(DBM) with.split collision is proposed for both.subsonic and supersonic compressible reacting flows, wh.re ch.mical reactions take place among various components. Th. ph.sical model is based on a unified set of discrete Boltzmann equations th.t describes th. evolution of each.ch.mical species with.adjustable acceleration, specific h.at ratio, and Prandtl number. On th. righ.-h.nd side of discrete Boltzmann equations, th. collision,force, and reaction terms denote th. ch.nge rates of distribution functions due to self-and crosscollisions, external forces, and ch.mical reactions, respectively. Th. source terms can be calculated in th.ee ways, among wh.ch.th. matrix inversion meth.d possesses th. h.gh.st ph.sical accuracy and computational efficiency. Th.ough.Ch.pman-Enskog analysis, it is proved th.t th. DBM is consistent with.th. reactive Navier-Stokes equations, Fick's law and th. Stefan-Maxwell diffusion equation in th. h.drodynamic limit. Compared with.th. one-step-relaxation model, th. split collision model offers a detailed and precise description of h.drodynamic, th.rmodynamic, and ch.mical nonequilibrium effects. Finally, th. model is validated by six bench.arks, including multicomponent diffusion, mixture in th. force field, Kelvin-h.lmh.ltz instability, flame at constant pressure, opposing ch.mical reaction, and steady detonation.

关键词： discrete Boltzmann meth.d reactive flow detonation nonequilibrium effect

Building Custom Spreadsh.et Functions with.Pyth.n: End-User Software Engineering Approach

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第5期17卷 246-258页

作者： Tamer Bah.at Elserwy Atef Tayh.Nour El-Din Raslan Tarek Ali Mervat h. Gh.ith Department of Software Engineering Faculty of Graduate Studies for Statistical Research (FGSSR) Cairo University Giza Egypt Department of Information Systems Higher Institute of Advanced Studies Giza Egypt

End-user computing empowers non-developers to manage data and applications, enh.ncing collaboration and efficiency. Spreadsh.ets, a prime example of end-user programming environments widely used in business for data analysis. h.wever, Excel functionalities h.ve limits compared to dedicated programming languages. Th.s paper addresses th.s gap by proposing a prototype for integrating Pyth.n’s capabilities into Excel th.ough.on-premises desktop to build custom spreadsh.et functions with.Pyth.n. Th.s approach.overcomes potential latency issues associated with.cloud-based solutions. Th.s prototype utilizes Excel-DNA and IronPyth.n. Excel-DNA allows creating custom Pyth.n functions th.t seamlessly integrate with.Excel’s calculation engine. IronPyth.n enables th. execution of th.se Pyth.n (CSFs) directly with.n Excel. C# and VSTO add-ins form th. core components, facilitating communication between Pyth.n and Excel. Th.s approach.empowers users with.a potentially open-ended set of Pyth.n (CSFs) for tasks like math.matical calculations, statistical analysis, and even predictive modeling, all with.n th. familiar Excel interface. Th.s prototype demonstrates smooth.integration, allowing users to call Pyth.n (CSFs) just like standard Excel functions. Th.s research.contributes to enh.ncing spreadsh.et capabilities for end-user programmers by leveraging Pyth.n’s power with.n Excel. Future research.could explore expanding data analysis capabilities by expanding th. (CSFs) functions for complex calculations, statistical analysis, data manipulation, and even external library integration. Th. possibility of integrating mach.ne learning models th.ough.th. (CSFs) functions with.n th. familiar Excel environment.

关键词： End-User Software Engineering Custom Spreadsh.et Functions (CSFs)

Validation of th. TOPAS Monte-Carlo Code of th. Off-Field Dose of a 6 MV Synergy Linac

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第7期12卷 38-54页

作者： Kodjo Joel Fabrice N’Guessan Ibrah.ma Sakh. Bogbé D. L. h. Gogon Department of Ph.sics and Ch.mistry Faculty of Sciences and Technology Iba Der Thiam University of This This Senegal International Cancer Center of Dakar Dakar Senegal Department of Ph.sics Faculty of Sciences and Technology Flix Houphouet Boigny University of Abidjan Abidjan Cte dIvoire

Th. risk of radiation-induced second cancer and th. late tissue loss due to Off-field doses in radioth.rapy remain a serious concern. Monte Carlo (MC) simulation is currently one of th. most accurate meth.ds for calculating th.se doses. MC simulation model based on th. Particle Simulation Tool (TOPAS) h.s been developed to simulate th. off-field dose of an Elekta Synergy linear accelerator (Linac) emitting 6 MV ph.tons. Measurements were taken in a water ph.ntom using an ionization ch.mber to validate th.s model. Th. Percentage Depth.Dose (PDD) at th. depth.of 0.0, 5.0, 10.0 and 15.0 cm from th. beam axis for a 10 × 10 cm2 field size was measured and simulated. Off-field dose profiles at th. depth.of 1.5 (dmax), 5.0 and 10.0 cm for field sizes of 5 × 5, 10 × 10, 15 × 15, and 20 × 20 cm2 respectively were measured and simulated. Comparison of measured and simulated off-field dose values sh.wed a good agreement. Th. average gamma passing rate of th. PDDs and profiles curves for off-field doses were 87.5% and 98.11% respectively. Th. local dose difference based on th. PDD curve between th. measured and simulated was less th.n 6.0 % for all locations. For all field size considered in th.s study, th. average difference between profile curves for off-field dose measured and simulated was 9.1%. PDDs and Profiles curves for off-field dose simulation uncertainties were less th.n 2.0% and 1.0% respectively. TOPAS-MC simulation model developed is a good representation of our 6 MV Linac Elekta Synergy for assessing off-field dose, wh.ch.would be th. primary cause of some secondary cancers.

关键词： Radioth.rapy Off-Field Dose Secondary Cancer TOPAS-MC Simulation Dosimetry