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Estimated cost for cardiovascular disease risk-based management at a primary healthcare center in Nepal

Global Health Research and Policy 2020年第1期5卷 414-422页

作者： Anu Aryal David Citrin Scott Halliday Anirudh Kumar Prajwol Nepal archana Shrestha Rachel Nugent Dan Schwarz Nyaya Health Nepal KathmanduNepal Department of Global Health University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Department of Anthropology University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Henry M.Jackson School of International Studies University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Arnhold Institute for Global HealthNew YorkNYUSA Department of Medicine NYU Langone HealthNew YorkNYUSA Gillings School of Public Health University of North CarolinaChapel HillNCUSA School of Medical Sciences Kathmandu UniversityDhulikhelNepal Center for Methods in Implementation and Prevention Science Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCTUSA Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCTUSA RTI International SeattleWAUSA Department of Medicine Division of Global Health EquityBrigham&Women’s Hospital75 Francis StreetBostonMA 02115USA Department of Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMAUSA Department of Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Ariadne Labs Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public HealthBostonMAUSA

Background:Low-and middle-income countries are facing an increasing burden of disability and death due to cardiovascular *** makers and healthcare providers alike need resource estimation tools to improve healthcare delivery and to strengthen healthcare systems to address this *** estimated the direct medical costs of primary prevention,screening,and management for cardiovascular diseases in a primary healthcare center in Nepal based on the Global Hearts evidence based treatment protocols for risk-based ***:We adapted the World Health Organization’s non-communicable disease costing tool and built a model to predict the annual cost of primary CVD prevention,screening,and management at a primary healthcare center *** used a one-year time horizon and estimated the cost from the Nepal government’s *** used Nepal health insurance board’s price for medicines and laboratory tests,and used Nepal government’s salary for human resource *** the model,we estimated annual incremental cost per case,cost for the entire population,and cost per *** also estimated the amount of medicines for one-year,annual number of laboratory tests,and the monthly incremental work load of physicians and nurses who deliver these ***:For a primary healthcare center with a catchment population of 10,000,the estimated cost to screen and treat 50%of eligible patients is USD21.53 per case and averages USD1.86 per capita across the catchment *** cost of screening and risk profiling only was estimated to be USD2.49 per *** same coverage level,we estimated that an average physician’s workload will increase annually by 190 h and by 111 h for nurses,i.e.,additional 28.5 workdays for physicians and 16.7 workdays for *** total annual cost could amount up to USD18,621 for such a primary healthcare ***:This is a novel study for a PHC-based,primary CVD risk-based management program in Nepal,which can provi

关键词： Health care economics and organizations Cardiovascular diseases Risk management Global health Primary care Nepal

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Insights on biorational potential of Ocimum gratissimum essential oil and its binary combination with monoterpene phenol for control of rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae) and aflatoxigenic fungi.

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Food Bioscience 2022年第6期50卷 300-313页

作者： archana V.Remesh Ashika Raveendran K.Bincy Vasudev S.Wagh Syed G.Dastager C.S.Vivek Babu Food Protectants&Infestation Control (FPIC) Department CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI)Mysuru570 020KarnatakaIndia NCIM Resource Center CSIR-National Chemical LaboratoryPune411008India Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) GhaziabadUttar Pradesh201002India

Food grain storage is a difficult task due to insect infestation and subsequent mycotoxin contaminations which adversely affects the nutritional quality of grains and leading to economic loss. Current research focuses on contact and fumigant toxicity effects of essential oils (EO) and aroma compounds against Sitophilus oryzae and growth inhibition of aflatoxigenic fungi. The EO of Ocimum gratissimum comprised of thymol (46.8%), γ-terpinene (14.04%) along with o-cymene (11.76%). Also, Cymbopogon flexuosus rich in citral (76.3%) and geraniol (84.6%) and Cymbopogon nardus having geraniol (49.24%) and geranyl acetate (20.9%) were all evaluated using a dose of 25 μL (Conc∼833.3 μL/L air) against S. oryzae . All the compounds showed significant mortality (>95%) at 24 h of exposure. The insecticidal property of O. gratissimum oil chemotype showed a strong contact and fumigant toxicity against S. oryzae at a highest dose of 25 μL (Conc∼833.3 μL/L air) within 24 h. It has been further evaluated on three aflatoxigenic fungal strains which showed reduction in growth and aflatoxin content (Aflatoxin B and G), which was markedly reduced upon the treatment. The binary mixture interaction of O. gratissimum oil with monoterpene phenol (carvacrol) was assessed and the specific binary mixture of 80:20 ratio (having additive property) acts as a contact insecticide with 100% mortality. Hence, essential oil of less explored Ocimum species (O. gratissimum ) and its binary mixture could be deployed as potential biorational for control of rice weevil (Sitophilus oryzae ) and aflatoxigenic Aspergillus spp.

关键词： Ocimum gratissimum Essential oil Sitophilus oryzae Aflatoxigenic fungi Binary combination

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A Study of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Newaj River Water in Rajgarh District, Madhya Pradesh

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2011年第8期5卷 711-714页

作者： Malik Suman Singh archana Malviya Naveen Department of Chemistry Sadhu Vaswani College Bairagarh 462030 Bhopal M.P. India

Present paper deals with the study of some physico-chemical parameters in Newaj River Water in Rajgarh District, Madhya Pradesh in the month of November and December *** parameters like temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, total hardness, Ca- hardness, Mg-hardness and chloride were determined. The results were compared with standards of IS： 10500 and WHO. From the results it was found that the most of the parameters of Newaj River water were within the permissible limit.

关键词： River water electrical conductivity turbidity total hardness chloride

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Blockchain Driven Metaheuristic Route Planning in Secure Wireless Sensor Networks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第1期74卷 933-949页

作者： M.V.Rajesh T.archana Acharya Hafis Hajiyev E.Laxmi Lydia Haya Mesfer Alshahrani Mohamed K Nour Abdullah Mohamed Mesfer Al Duhayyim Department of Computer Science and Engineering Aditya Engineering CollegeSurampalem533437India Department of Business Administration Vignan’s Institute of Information TechnologyVisakhapatnam530049India Department of Accounting and Audit Azerbaijan State University of Economics(UNEC)BakuRepublic of Azerbaijan Department of Computer Science and Engineering Vignan’s Institute of Information TechnologyVisakhapatnam530049India Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computing and Information SystemUmm Al-Qura UniversitySaudi Arabia Research Centre Future University in EgyptNew Cairo11845Egypt Department of Computer Science College of Sciences and Humanities-AflajPrince Sattam bin Abdulaziz UniversitySaudi Arabia

Recently,Internet of Things(IoT)has been developed into a field of research and it purposes at linking many sensors enabling devices mostly to data collection and track *** sensor network(WSN)is a vital element of IoT paradigm since its inception and has developed into one of the chosen platforms for deploying many smart city application regions such as disaster management,intelligent transportation,home automation,smart buildings,and other such IoT-based *** routing approaches were extremely-utilized energy efficient approaches with an initial drive that is,for balancing the energy amongst sensor *** clustering and routing procedures assumed that Non-Polynomial(NP)hard problems but bio-simulated approaches are utilized to a recognized time for resolving such *** this motivation,this paper presents a new blockchain with Enhanced Hunger Games Search based Route Planning(BCEHGS-RP)scheme for IoT assisted *** presented BCEHGS-RP model majorly employs BC technology for secure communication in the IoT supportedWSN *** addition,an effective multihop route planning approach was designed by the use of EHGS *** proposed EHGS technique is derived from the concept of Hill Climbing strategy(HCS)and HGS ***,a fitness function with two parameters namely residual energy(RE)and intercluster distance to elect optimal *** performance validation of the BCEHGS-RP model is experimented with under diverse number of *** experimental outcomes highlighted the better performance of the BCEHGS-RP technique on recent approaches.

关键词： Internet of things wireless sensor networks routing metaheuristics blockchain

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Laser Induced Breakdown of Poly （Methyl Methacrylate （PMMA）） in Air

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Journal of Physical Science and Application 2014年第7期4卷 426-429页

作者： archana Kushwaha Indrajeet Kumar Alika Khare Laser and Photonics Lab Department of Physics lndian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati-781039 Assam lndia

In the present work, Laser induced Breakdown spectroscopy technique is used to investigate the laser induced plasma of PMMA in air. The optical emission of PMMA plasma is found quite intense and dominated by vibrational band of CN molecules （violet band, B^2∑^＋ - X^2∑^＋） at 388.4 nm. The temporal response of the CN band emission is studied and found decay time 22 ns. The low decay time and small laser spot （34 × 32 μm^2） conf＇n-ms good thermal stability of PMMA. To get structural fingerprint of PMMA, Raman spectrum is recorded prior to the exposure to laser. Several sharp Raman peaks have been observed along with a very intense peak at 2,957 cm1 attributed to C-H stretching vibration. Post exposure Raman spectrum is also recorded to analyze the heating effect and re-deposition of ablated material.

关键词： Laser induced breakdown PMMA plasma CN band Raman spectrum.

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Role of the renin angiotensin system in diabetic nephropathy

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World Journal of Diabetes 2010年第5期1卷 141-145页

作者： Tanuj Chawla Deepika Sharma archana Singh Department of Pharmacology Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals Department of Biochemistry Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals Department of Biochemistry University College of Medical Sciences

Diabetic nephropathy has been the cause of lot of morbidity and mortality in the diabetic population. The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is considered to be involved in most of the pathological processes that result in diabetic nephropathy. This system has various subsystems which contribute to the disease pathology. One of these involves angiotensin II (Ang II) which shows increased activity during diabetic nephropathy. This causes hypertrophy of various renal cells and has a pressor effect on arteriolar smooth muscle resulting in increased vascular pressure. Ang II also induces inflammation, apoptosis, cell growth, migration and differentiation. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production responsible for renal fibrosis is also regulated by RAS. Polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and Angiotensinogen has been shown to have effects on RAS. Available treatment modalities have proven effective in controlling the progression of nephropathy. Various drugs (based on antagonism of RAS) are currently in the market and others are still under trial. Amongst the approved drugs, ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are widely used in clinical practice. ARBs are shown to be superior to ACE inhibitors in terms of reducing proteinuria but the combined role of ARBs with ACE inhibitors in diabetic nephropathy is under debate.

关键词： Diabetic nephropathy Angiotensin II Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 Renin angiotensin system

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HPLC Polyphenolics Profile and H₂O₂ Induced Cytoprotective Effect of Salacia oblonga Extracts on Human Lymphocytes

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2016年第1期6卷 19-27页

作者： Anjaneyulu Musini Suryakala Gandi Kiranmayee Rao archana Giri Centre for Biotechnology Institute of Science and Technology Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad India

Salacia oblonga (Wall.) belonging to the family Celastraceae is an important medicinal plant available in India and Sri Lanka. It possesses an array of pharmacological and therapeutic properties. In the present study phenolic compounds of S. oblonga methanolic extracts were estimated by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) indicating the presence of catechin, quercetin, synapic acid and syringic acid. The study involved evaluation of S. oblonga extracts for cytotoxic and cytoprotective effects on human lymphocytes. Aerial extracts have significant protective activity against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced cytotoxic activity in comparison to the root extracts. The results relate the cytoprotective effect of S. oblonga due to the presence of poly phenols and other phytochemicals, as they have significant ability to remove free radicals or reactive species and might induce the expression of antioxidant enzymes inside the cells.

关键词： Salacia oblonga Poly Phenol Cytoprotective Lymphocytes H2O2

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Rare diaphragmatic tumor mimicking liver mass

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2014年第2期6卷 33-37页

作者： Shalini Thapar Arvind Ahuja archana Rastogi Department of Radiodiagnosis Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences Department of Hepatopathology Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences

Primary tumors of the diaphragm are quite rare. About 150 cases have been reported in the literature. Fibrosarcomas are the commonest malignant neoplasms of the diaphragm; however, only a few(less than 20) cases have been reported to date. We present the case of an extremely rare tumor of the diaphragm mimicking a liver mass. The patient, a young 28-year-old woman, presented with an 8-month-history of mildly progressive upper abdominal pain and early fullness after meals. Computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed a mass located in the region of the left lobe of the liver with non visualized left lobe and partial vascular supply of the mass from the left hepatic artery. The tumor was also seen to draw its vascularity from bilateral internal mammary arteries. Surgical excision and hepatectomy was planned, keeping in mind the diagnosis of an atypical left hepatic mass. Laparotomy revealed a left diaphragmatic tumor growing caudally into the upper abdomen, compressing and splaying the liver along the left medial surface where the tumorwas virtually adherent to it. Successful excision of the mass and subsequent histopathological and immunochemistry examination of the specimen revealed low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma of the diaphragm. This case highlights the unusual presentation of a diaphragmatic mesenchymal tumor and how it can be mistaken as an atypical liver mass. It also emphasizes the tumoral vascular supply as an indicator of its organ of origin.

关键词： Diaphragmatic tumor Low grade Fibro-myxoid sarcoma Liver mass Atypical liver mass Com-puted tomography

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Evolutionary MPNN for Channel Equalization

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Journal of Signal and Information Processing 2011年第1期2卷 11-17页

作者： archana Sarangi Bijay Ketan Panigrahi Siba Prasada Panigrahi Department of AEIE ITER SOA University Bhubaneswar India Department of Electrical Engineering IIT Delhi India Department of Electrical Engineering KIST Bhubaneswar India

This paper proposes a novel equalizer, termed here as Evolutionary MPNN, where a complex modified probabilistic Neural Networks (MPNN) acts as a filter for the detected signal pattern. The neurons were embedded with optimization algorithms. We have considered two optimization algorithms, Bacteria Foraging Optimization (BFO) and Ant Colony Optimization (ACO). The proposed structure have the ability to process complex signals also can perform for slowly varying channels. Also, Simulation results prove the superior performance of the proposed equalizer over the existing MPNN equalizers.

关键词： Channel Equalization Probabilistic Neural Network Bacteria Foraging Ant Colony Optimization

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Fermentative Production of Mycelial Chitosan from Zygomycetes: Media Optimization and Physico-Chemical Characterization

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2014年第12期5卷 940-956页

作者： Pradnya N. Vaingankar archana R. Juvekar Department of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Institute of Chemical Technology Mumbai India

The present study focused on production of mycelial chitosan from fungal mycelium by submerged fermentation with ecologically more balanced process. Different fungal strains were screened and Absidia butleri NCIM 977 was found to produce the highest mycelial chitosan. The one-factor-at-a-time method was adopted to investigate the effect of batch time, environmental factors (i.e. initial pH and temperature) and medium components (i.e. carbon and nitrogen) on the yield of mycelial chitosan. Among these variables, the optimal condition to increase in yield of mycelial chitosan was found to be batch time (72 h), pH (5.5), temperature (30°C), carbon source (glucose) and nitrogen source (tryptone and yeast extract). Subsequently, a three-level Box– Behnken factorial design was employed combining with response surface methodology (RSM) to maximise yield of mycelial chitosan by determining optimal concentrations and investigating the interactive effects of the most significant media components (i.e. carbon and nitrogen sources). The optimum value of parameters obtained through RSM was glucose (1.58%), tryptone (1.61%) and yeast extract (1.11%). There was an increase in mycelial chitosan yield after media optimization by one-factor-at-a-time and statistical analysis from 683 mg/L to 1 g/L. Mycelial chitosan was characterized for total glucosamine content (80.68%), degree of deacetylation (DD) (79.89%), molecular weight (8.07 × 104 Da) and, viscosity (73.22 ml/g). The results of this study demonstrated that fungi are promising alternative sources of chitosan with high DD and high purity.

关键词： Mycelial Chitosan Submerged-State Fermentation Response Surface Methodology Box–Behnken Design Characterization

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