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Interrelationship between physical activity and depression in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第3期14卷 612-622页

作者： Ali A Weinstein Leyla De Avila Saisruthi Kannan James M Paik Pegah golabi Lynn H Gerber Zobair M Younossi Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research Inova Health SystemFalls ChurchVA 22042United States Global and Community Health George Mason UniversityFairfaxVA 22030United States Center for Liver Disease Department of MedicineInova Fairfax Medical CampusFalls ChurchVA 22042United States Inova Medicine Inova Health SystemFalls ChurchVA 22042United States

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with a sedentary lifestyle and depressive symptoms.It is also well established that physical inactivity and depressive symptoms are related.However,an investigation of the interaction between all of these factors in NAFLD has not been previously conducted.AIM To investigate the interrelationship between physical inactivity and depressive symptoms in individuals with NAFLD.METHODS Data from the Rancho Bernardo Study of Healthy Aging were utilized.589 individuals were included in the analyses(43.1%male;95.8%non-Hispanic white;aged 60.0±7.0 years).NAFLD was defined by using the hepatic steatosis index,depression using the Beck Depression Inventory,and physical activity by selfreport of number of times per week of strenuous activity.Multivariable generalized linear regression models with Gamma distribution were performed to investigate the proposed relationship.RESULTS About 40%of the sample had evidence of NAFLD,9.3%had evidence of depression,and 29%were physically inactive.Individuals with NAFLD and depression were more likely to be physically inactive(60.7%)compared to individuals with neither NAFLD nor depression(22.9%),individuals with depression without NAFLD(37.0%),and individuals with NAFLD without depression(33.3%).After accounting for various comorbidities(i.e.,age,sex,diabetes,hypertension,obesity),individuals with NAFLD and higher levels of physical activity were at a decreased odds of having depressive symptoms[16.1%reduction(95%confidence interval:-25.6 to-5.4%),P=0.004],which was not observed in those without NAFLD.CONCLUSION Individuals with NAFLD have high levels of physical inactivity,particularly those with depressive symptoms.Because this group is at high risk for poor outcomes,practitioners should screen for the coexistence of depressive symptoms and NAFLD.This group should receive appropriate interventions aimed at increasing both participation and levels of intensity of physical activity.

关键词： Liver disease Outcomes research Psychiatric disorders Exercise

Prediction of spatial land use changes based on LCM in a GIS environment for Desert Wetlands-A case study: Meighan Wetland,Iran

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第1期7卷 64-70页

作者： Amir Ansari Mohammad H.golabi Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesArak UniversityArak 38156-8-8349Iran College of Natural and Applied Sciences University of Guam MangilaoGuam 96923United States

Meighan Wetland and its surroundings have undergone many changes in recent years.This study aims to monitor and predict land use changes using the land change model (LCM) module in the Meighan wetland.Land Sat images of years 2000,2007 and 2015 were used to produce digital land use maps.The images were classified into seven classes including;Salt lake,Agriculture,Rangeland,Manmade,Wastewater,Wetland and Mine areas.The LCM module in Idrisi GIS software was used to analyze the land use changes for predicting the land uses status in 2015,based on artificial neural network (ANN) and Markov Chain analysis.The ANN was trained with various influencing factors including;distance from road,distance from manmade areas,distance from land changed edge,distance from stream,elevation and slope.The results indicated that 1663.88 ha of the rangeland cover and 715.68 ha of the salt lake cover have been degraded during the 2000-2015 period.Furthermore,the wetland,mine,wastewater and manmade degradation are increased to 724 ha,335 ha,37 ha and 270 ha in comparison to initial land conditions.Also,the result shows that rangeland and salt lake areas will decrease in the year 2030 compare to 2015,while,wetland,mine and manmade land changes may increase.

关键词： LCM Prediction Meighan wetland Land use changes Artificial Neural Network

Using Ecosystem Service Modeler (ESM) for Ecological Quality, rarity and Risk Assessment of the wild goat habitat, in the Haftad-Gholleh protected area

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第4期7卷 346-353页

作者： Amir Ansari Mohammad H.golabi Department of Environmental Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Natural ResourcesArak UniversityArak38156-8-8349Iran College of Natural and Applied Sciences University of GuamMangilaoGuam96923USA

In recent years,the destruction of habitats has reduced the wild goat population in the Haftad-Gholleh protected area.The wild goat (Capra aegagrus) is known as symbol of biodiversity of Markazi Province.In a field study conducted between 2007 and 2017,the number of wild goats were surveyed and threat to their habitat were determined as the population and the ecological conditions as well as their movements in the Haftad-Gholleh were identified.Landsat image of year 2018 was used to produce digital land use maps for this study.Ecological Quality,Rarity and Risk Assessment was performed with ESM,HQR and HRA models.The images were classified into three classes including;Agriculture-livestock,Rangeland,and Residential regions.The results indicated that 75% of the casualties of the wild goat by Peste des Petits Ruminants disease were from the Chekab Valley and 25% from the Sibak Valley.Almost 80% of deaths among the population of wild goats were observed in the month of July.However,there are two important mountainous and plains habitats in the Haftad-Gholleh Area.Among the biggest threats and more devastating stressors in the region were to villagers,agricultural-livestock and roads development.However,among the stressors,the agriculture-livestock caused more deaths in the mountainous habitat of the wild goats.Thus,there is an urgent need for habitat conservation of the existing population of the wild goat in Haftad-Gholleh area.

关键词： Haftad-gholleh Wild goat (Capra aegagrus) Wildlife disease Habitat quality and rarity Habitat risk assessment

Composting of Disposal Organic Wastes: Resource Recovery for Agricultural Sustainability

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过程工程学报 2006年第4期6卷 585-591页

作者： Mohammad H.golabi Peggy Denney Clancy Iyekar College of Natural and Applied Sciences University of Guam Mangilao Guam-USA

One of the major problems of agricultural soils in the tropical regions of the Pacific is the low organic matter content.Because of the hot and humid environment,the soil organic matter(SOM)is minimal due to rapid decomposition.Composted organic material is being applied on agricultural fields as an amendment to provide nutrients and enhance the organic matter content for improving the physical and chemical properties of the cultivated soils.In addition land application of composted material as a fertilizer source effectively disposes of wastes that otherwise are buried in landfills.In our soil program at the University of Guam,we are evaluating the use of organic material as an alternative to synthetic fertilizers.Its goal is to develop management strategies and use available resources for improving crop production while conserving resources and preserving environmental quality.Our case study project is designed to improve soil fertility status by using composted organic wastes and assessing how the nitrogen and other essential nutrients contribute to long-term soil fertility and crop productivity without application of synthetic fertilizers.In our pilot project,compost is produced from wood chips,grinded typhoon debris mixed with animal manure,fish feed,shredded paper and other organic wastes.Mature compost is then applied on the field at the rates of 0,5,10 and 20 t/ha as a soil amendment on the eroded cobbly soils of southern Guam.Corn is planted and monitored for growth performance and yield.The effect of land application of composted material on the SOM content and overall soil quality indices are being evaluated in this pilot study.

关键词： composting resource recovery management soil improvement waste disposal agricultural sustainability

Comparative effects of composted organic waste and inorganic fertilizer on nitrate leachate from the farm soils of northern Guam

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2021年第1期9卷 87-102页

作者： Ferdinand Galsim Mohammad H.golabi Yong Sang Kim Clancy Iyekar College of Natural and Applied Sciences University of GuamMangilaoGuam96913USA Water and Environmental Research Institute of the Western Pacific University of GuamMangilaoGuam96913USA

The purpose of this study was to quantify the release of nitrate into vadose zone as well as the nitrogen-holding capacity of compost applied on calcareous soils of northern Guam amended with both inorganic fertilizer and composted organic waste,to examine potentially adverse effect of these nutrient materials to groundwater quality.Three different nitrogen levels each of the composted organic waste and the inorganic fertilizer were applied to corn(maize)(farmland)study plots for three consecutive seasons,two dry and one rainy season.During each season,soil organic matter(SOM,w/w%)content and carbon-nitrogen ratio(C/N,w/w%),were determined for analysis of the nitrogen-holding capacity of these calcareous soils.Nitrate levels in soil pore water were also determined for study of potential groundwater contamination.For three seasons,compost plots showed higher SOM%contents and lower C/N%than fertilizer plots.That is,compost-treated soils showed higher SOM content and adsorbed more nitrogen under normalized soil mass than did fertilizer-treated soils.Nitrate levels in pore water were generally higher on compost plots during early stages of corn but were generally higher on fertilizer plots during active leaf,tasseling,and maturity stages.During the rainy season,nitrate leachate seemed to increase,but this trend could not be confirmed because rainfall amounts were not measured.Overall,composted organic waste proved to be a good amendment for soil productivity and agricultural sustainability while reducing nitrate leachate from northern Guam farmland.

关键词： Nitrate Composted organic wastes Inorganic fertilizer Calcareous soil

Interaction effects of water salinity and hydroponic growth medium on eggplant yield,water-use efficiency,and evapotranspiration

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2016年第2期4卷 99-107页

作者： Farnoosh Mahjoor Ali Asghar Ghaemi Mohammad Hossein golabi Water Engineering Department College of AgricultureShiraz University*** ShirazIslamic Republic of Iran College of Natural and Applied Sciences University of GuamMangilaoGU 96923USA

Eggplant(Solanum melongena L.)is a plant native to tropical regions of Southeast Asia.The water crisis and drought on the one hand and eggplant greenhouse crop development as one of the most popular fruit vegetables for people on the other hand,led to the need for more research on the use of saline water and water stress to optimize salinity level and their impact on eggplant evapotranspiration and encounter better yield and crop quality.The objective of the present study was to investigate the interactions of water salinity and hydroponic growth medium on qualitative and quantitative properties of eggplant and its water-use efficiency.The study used the factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with three replications of four levels of water salinity(electrical conductivity of 0.8(control),2.5,5,and 7 dS m^(-1))and three growth media(cocopeat,perlite,and a 50–50 mixture of the two by volume).Total yield,yield components,evapotranspiration,and water-use efficiency were determined during two growing periods,one each in 2012 and 2013.All of these indices decreased significantly as water salinity increased.Water with of 0.8 dS m^(-1) produced an average eggplant yield of 2510 g per plant in 2012 and 2600 g in 2013.The highest yield was observed in cocopeat.Water with 7 dS m^(-1) reduced yield to 906 g per plant in 2012 and to 960 g in 2013.Lowest yield was observed in perlite.The highest evapotranspiration values occurred in cocopeat at the lowest salinity in both years.Cocopeat and the cocopeat–perlite mixture were equally good substrates.The mixture significantly improved the quantitative and qualitative properties of eggplant yield.

关键词： Cocopeat Greenhouse Penman–Montith Qualitative Water stress Salinity

Experiment of“no-tillage”farming system on the volcanic soils of tropical islands of Micronesia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2014年第2期2卷 30-38页

作者： Mohammad H.golabi S.A.El-Swaify Clancy Iyekar College of Natural and Applied Sciences University of Guam Division of Soil College of AgricultureUniversity of Hawaii

The soils of southern Guam are formed from very deep;well-drained Saprolite derived from volcanic based tuff and tuff breccias.These soils suffer severe erosion as the result of rapid overland flow,wind and intensive rain events typical of southern Guam.An integrated approach to control the accelerated soil erosion was designed to include conservation tillage,crop rotation with leguminous plant,and residue management for soil surface cover.The objectives of this study are;1)to evaluate the use of crop rotation and tillage management for increasing organic-matter content to improve the overall quality of these severely eroded soils,2)to evaluate the effect of conservation practices on harvested yield and crop productivity of these eroded soils and,3)to assess the effects of conservation techniques including no-tillage systems on water runoff and infiltration.This paper discusses the effect of conservation strategies and techniques on these severely eroded soils of southern Guam.

关键词： Conservation agriculture No-Tillage system Volcanic soils Micronesia Guam

Effectiveness of exercise in hepatic fat mobilization in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Systematic review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第27期22卷 6318-6327页

作者： Pegah golabi Cameron T Locklear Patrick Austin Sophie Afdhal Melinda Byrns Lynn Gerber Zobair M Younossi Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research Inova Health System Department of Medicine Center for Liver Disease Inova Fairfax Hospital Health Sciences Library Inova Fairfax Hospital

AIM: To investigate the efficacy of exercise interventions on hepatic fat mobilization in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) patients.METHODS: Ovid-Medline, Pub Med, EMBASE and Cochrane database were searched for randomized trials and prospective cohort studies in adults aged ≥ 18 which investigated the effects of at least 8 wk of exercise only or combination with diet on NAFLD from 2010 to 2016. The search terms used to identify articles, in which exercise was clearly described by type, duration, intensity and frequency were: "NASH", "NAFLD", "nonalcoholic steatohepatitis", "non-alcoholic fatty liver disease", "fat", "steatosis", "diet", "exercise", "MR spectroscopy" and "liver biopsy". NAFLD diagnosis, as well as the outcome measures, was confirmed by either hydrogen-magnetic resonance spectroscopy(H-MRS) or biopsy. Trials that included dietary interventions along with exercise were accepted if they met all criteria. RESULTS: Eight studies met selection criteria(6 with exercise only, 2 with diet and exercise with a total of 433 adult participants). Training interventions ranged between 8 and 48 wk in duration with a prescribed exercise frequency of 3 to 7 d per week, at intensities between 45% and 75% of VO2 peak. The most commonly used imaging modality was H-MRS and one study utilized biopsy. The effect of intervention on fat mobilization was 30.2% in the exercise only group and 49.8% in diet and exercise group. There was no difference between aerobic and resistance exercise intervention, although only one study compared thetwo interventions. The beneficial effects of exercise on intrahepatic triglyceride(IHTG) were seen even in the absence of significant weight loss. Although combining an exercise program with dietary interventions augmented the reduction in IHTG, as well as improved measures of glucose control and/or insulin sensitivity, exercise only significantly decreased hepatic lipid contents.CONCLUSION: Prescribed exercise in subjects with NAFLD reduces IHTG independent of dietary intervention. D

关键词： Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Exercise Diet Fat mobilization Lifestyle modification

Composting of Disposal Organic Wastes: A Resource Recovery Management Strategy

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Composting of Disposal Organic Wastes: A Resource Recovery M...