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Record-high near-band-edge optical nonlinearities and two-level model correction of poled polymers by spectroscopic electromodulation and ellipsometry

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Science China Chemistry 2022年第3期65卷 584-593页

作者： Taili Liu Di Zhang md Rashedul Huqe Wen Wang Juan antonio Zapien Sai-Wing Tsang Jingdong Luo Shenzhen Research Institute City University of Hong KongShenzhen 518057China Department of Chemistry City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films(COSDAF) City University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina

The determination of nonlinearities near the band edge of organic and polymeric electro-optic(EO)materials is important from the viewpoint of molecular nonlinear optics(NLO)and photonic device *** on transmission-mode Stark effect electromodulation(EM)spectroscopy,we study the electric-field-induced changes in optical absorption and refraction of newly developed EO polymers from the visible to near-infrared(NIR)wavelengths and report record-high near-band-edge complex EO effects from poled thin *** ofΔn andΔk up to 10^(-3) and 10^(-2) are found at an applied electric field of 2.0×10^(5)-3.0×10^(5)V/*** study of linear optical properties of poled films by spectroscopic ellipsometry shows large polinginduced birefringence and a nearly two-fold increase in the extinction coefficients at the extraordinary *** the Kramers-Kronig analysis,we obtained the real and imaginary second-order nonlinear coefficients up to~3,500 and~5,600 pm/V,respectively,which are believed to be the highest NLO coefficients of poled polymers through the resonance *** approach goes beyond the previous works,applicable only to several discrete wavelengths,to a full-spectral analysis with independent verification of slab waveguide *** considering both the electroabsorption and electrorefraction effects,our study overcomes the limitation of the classic qualitative two-level model and provides a quantitative understanding of near-resonance optical nonlinearities of organic EO *** can inspire the exploration of high-speed,absorptive,or phase-shifting light-modulators using EO polymers for on-chip applications.

关键词： poled polymers electroabsorption electro-optic effect second-order nonlinear susceptibilities

Corneal collagen cross‑linking epithelium‑on ***‑off:a systematic review and meta‑analysis

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Eye and Vision 2021年第6期8卷 338-352页

作者： Francesco D’Oria antonio Palazón Jorge L.Alio Vissum Innovation c/Cabañal103016 AlicanteSpain Division of Ophthalmology Universidad Miguel HernándezAlicanteSpain Section of Ophthalmology Department of Basic Medical ScienceNeuroscience and Sense OrgansUniversity of BariBariItaly Department of Clinical Medicine Miguel Hernández UniversitySan Juan de AlicanteSpain

Background:The purpose of the study was to determine the advantages and disadvantages of epi-on corneal crosslinking(CXL)techniques compared with standard epi-off ***:We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and non-randomized studies of interventions(NRSIs)and we evaluated the selected papers according to the Cochrane risk of bias *** considered,as primary outcomes,average Kmax flattening,changes in uncorrected and corrected distance visual acuity(UDVA and CDVA);as secondary outcomes,we considered changes in pachymetry values and endothelial cell density(ECD).We also investigated adverse events related to the treatments and treatment ***-analysis was conducted with a fixed or random-effects model using weighted mean difference(md)with 95%confidence interval(CI)as the effect ***:A total of 15 studies were included and among these 15 trials,9 were RCTs and 6 were NRSIs,but only 4 studies showed no high risk of bias and were included in this *** analysis revealed significant postoperative differences in CDVA(md=0.07;95%CI 0.04 to 0.10;P0.05).Epi-on CXL protocol was found to be significantly less prompt to have risks of delay in epithelial healing(P=0.035)and persistent stromal haze(P=0.026).Conclusion:Epi-on CXL is as effective as epi-off *** for a higher significant improvement in CDVA with current epi-on protocols,our meta-analysis demonstrates that epi-on and epi-off CXL have comparable effects on visual,topographic,pachymetric,and endothelial ***-on CXL has clinical advantages in terms of comfort and avoidance of complications as it reduces the risk of developing delay in epithelial healing and persistent stromal haze.

关键词： Corneal collagen cross-linking Keratoconus Transepithelial CXL Epithelium-off CXL Epithelium-on CXL Iontophoresis

Role of endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage for palliation of malignant biliary obstruction

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第8期16卷 2369-2373页

作者： Sahib Singh Saurabh Chandan antonio Facciorusso Department of Internal Medicine Sinai HospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Center for Interventional Endoscopy(CIE) Advent HealthOrlandoFL 32803United States Gastroenterology Unit Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of FoggiaFoggia 71122Italy

Endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage(EUS-BD)directs bile flow into the digestive tract and has been mostly used in patients with malignant biliary obstruction(MBO)where endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-guided biliary drainage was unsuccessful or was not *** apposing metal stents(LAMS)are deployed during EUS-BD,with the newer electrocautery-enhanced LAMS reducing procedure time and complication rates due to the inbuilt cautery at the catheter ***-BD with electrocautery-enhanced LAMS has high technical and clinical success rates for palliation of MBO,with bleeding,cholangitis,and stent occlusion being the most common adverse *** studies have even suggested comparable efficacy between EUS-BD and endosc-opic retrograde cholangiopancreatography as the primary approach for distal *** this editorial,we commented on the article by Peng et al published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery in 2024.

关键词： Endoscopic ultrasound Endoscopic ultrasound guided biliary drainage Cancer Pancreas Bile duct Endoscopy

Characterization and genetic manipulation of primed stem cells into a functional na?ve state with ESRRB

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2016年第10期8卷 355-366页

作者： Ricardo antonio Rossello Andreas Pfenning Jason T Howard Ute Hochgeschwender Department of Science and Technology Sistema Universitario Ana G. Méndez Metropolitan University San Juan 00928 Puerto Rico Department of Biochemistry University of Puerto Rico - Medical Sciences Campus San Juan 00921 Puerto Rico Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA 02139 United States Howard Hughes Medical Institute Chevy Chase MD 20815-6789 United States Duke Neurotransgenic Laboratory Duke University Medical Center Durham NC 27710 United States

AIM To identify differences between primed mouse embryonic stem cells(ESCs) and fully functional naive ESCs; to manipulate primed cells into a naive state. METHODS We have cultured 3 lines of cells from different mouse strains that have been shown to be naive or primed as determined by generating germline-transmitting *** were put through a battery of tests to measure the different features. RNA from cells was analyzed using microarrays, to determine a priority list of the differentially expressed genes. These were later validated by quantificational real-time polymerase chain reaction. Viral cassettes were created to induce expression of differentially expressed genes in the primed cells through lentiviral transduction. Primed reprogrammed cells were subjected to in-vivo incorporation *** Most results show that both primed and naive cells have similar features(morphology, proliferation rates, stem cell genes expressed). However, there were some genes that were differentially expressed in the na?ve cells relative to the primed cells. Key upregulated genes in na?ve cells include ESRRB, ERAS, ATRX, RNF17, KLF-5, and MYC. After over-expressing some of these genes the primed cells were able to incorporate into embryos in-vivo, re-acquiring a feature previously absent in these cells. CONCLUSION Although there are no notable phenotypic differences, there are key differences in gene expression between these na?ve and primed stem cells. These differences can be overcome through overexpression.

关键词： ESRRB ERAS Induced stem cells Overexpression C-myc

Stopover behavior of Red-eyed Vireos(Vireo olivaceus) during fall migration on the coast of the Yucatan Peninsula

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 491-502页

作者： Richard Evan Feldman antonio Celis-Murillo Jill L.Deppe Michael P.Ward Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán Unidad de Recursos NaturalesMeridaYucatánMexico Prairie Research Institute Illinois Natural History SurveyUniversity of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignIllinoisUSA U.S.Geological Survey Eastern Ecological Science CenterPatuxent Research RefugeLaurelMDUSA National Audubon Society WashingtonDCUSA Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Sciences University of IllinoisUrbana-ChampaignIllinoisUSA.

Background: For migrating birds, stopover requires spending time and energy that otherwise could be allocated to flying. Thus, birds optimally refuel their subsequent migratory flight by reducing stopover duration or foraging activ-ity in food-rich environments. In coastal habitats, birds may forego refueling and take short stopovers irrespective of local food availability. Given the paucity of studies exploring how migrants adjust stopover behavior in response to temporal variation in food availability, especially in the Neotropics, we fixed radio tags to 51 Red-eyed Vireos(Vireo olivaceous) over two years at two sites on the coast of Mexico's Yucatan ***: We applied VHF radio tags during the fall of 2016 and 2017, and tracked birds using automatic and manual receiving units. We estimated stopover duration and activity levels(one site only) for between six and fifteen birds,depending on site and year. We measured fruit availability weekly along the net lanes where we captured birds. We used a generalized linear model to estimate the relationships between stopover duration/activity level and fruit den-sity, bird body mass and year. We interpreted relationships for the model with the lowest AICc ***: We found that approximately half of the birds departed on the same day they were captured. For the birds that stayed longer, we could not discern whether they did so because they were light, or fruit density was high. On the other hand, lighter birds were more active than heavier birds but only in one of the two ***: Given our results, it is unlikely that Red-eyed Vireos refuel along the Yucatan coast. However, they still likely need to recuperate from crossing the Gulf of Mexico, which may necessitate foraging more often if in poor body condition. If the birds then move inland then stopover should be thought of as a large-scale phenomenon, where habitats with different functions may be spread out over a broad landscape.

关键词： Coastal dune Fruit Geographic barrier Gulf of Mexico Phenology Stopover Time?minimization

Comprehensive approach to esophageal variceal bleeding:From prevention to treatment

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第43期30卷 4602-4608页

作者： Sahib Singh Saurabh Chandan Rakesh Vinayek Ganesh Aswath antonio Facciorusso Marcello Maida Department of Internal Medicine Sinai HospitalBaltimoreMD 21215United States Center for Interventional Endoscopy Advent HealthOrlandoFL 32803United States Department of Gastroenterology Sinai Hospital of BaltimoreBaltimoreMD 21215United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology State University of New York Upstate Medical UniversitySyracuseNY 13210United States Gastroenterology Unit Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesUniversity of FoggiaFoggia 71122Italy Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Enna‘Kore’Enna 94100SiciliaItaly

Esophageal variceal bleeding is a severe complication often associated with portal hypertension,commonly due to liver *** and treatment of this condition are critical for patient *** strategies focus on reducing portal hypertension to prevent varices from developing or *** prophylaxis involves the use of non-selective beta-blockers,such as propranolol or nadolol,which lower portal pressure by decreasing cardiac output and thereby reducing blood flow to the *** variceal ligation(EVL)may also be employed as primary prophylaxis to prevent initial bleeding *** bleeding occurs,immediate treatment is *** management includes hemodynamic stabilization followed by pharmacological therapy with vasoactive drugs such as octreotide or terlipressin to control *** intervention is the cornerstone of treatment,with techniques such as EVL or sclerotherapy applied to directly manage the bleeding *** cases where bleeding is refractory to endoscopic treatment,transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt may be considered to effectively reduce portal ***-term management after an acute bleeding episode involves secondary prophylaxis using betablockers and repeated EVL sessions to prevent rebleeding,complemented by monitoring and managing liver function to address the underlying *** light of new scientific evidence,including the findings of the study by Peng et al,this editorial aims to review available strategies for the prevention and treatment of esophageal varices.

关键词： Esophageal varices Portal hypertension Cirrhosis Bleeding Prevention Treatment

抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体相关血管炎的治疗——系统综述

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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2008年第2期27卷 87-101页

作者： Xavier Bosch, md, PhD antonio Guilabert, md Gerard Espinosa, md, PhD EduardMirapeix,md,PhD 丁欣(译) 张文(校) Departments of Internal Medicine ( Dr Bosch) Dermatology Dermatology Autoimmune Diseases Nephrology 不详

背景：免疫抑制疗法可显著提高抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体（antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody，ANCA）相关血管炎患者的生存率，但同时也可使ANCA相关血管炎（***，AAV）转变成为一种慢性复发性疾病。因此，进行长期治疗、有效控制并发... 详细信息

背景：免疫抑制疗法可显著提高抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体（antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody，ANCA）相关血管炎患者的生存率，但同时也可使ANCA相关血管炎（***，AAV）转变成为一种慢性复发性疾病。因此，进行长期治疗、有效控制并发症已成为我们面临的主要挑战。过去10年来，世界各国一直通力协作，共同寻求有效的治疗方法。目地：对有关AAV治疗的证据进行分析，为医生处理不同临床病例提供合理的治疗对策。资料来源：在MEDLINE中检索1966年至2007年3月发表的有关AAV治疗的英文文献，对与本文密切相关的检出文献中的参考文献进行分析。研究选取：有关AAV患者现有药物治疗或医疗干预的研究均被入选。重复发表研究、病例报告以及小型（病例数不足10例）非对照试验均被排除。数据综合：共选取2项汇总分析、20项前瞻性随机对照试验以及62项病例数超过10例的非对照试验或观察性研究。不同试验之间的观测指标和治疗方案存在差异。若病变仅局限于上呼吸道，则通过单独应用磺胺甲基异恶唑或联合应用磺胺甲基异恶唑＋糖皮质激素来诱导并维持疾病缓解状态。对于患有系统性疾病但无器官受累的患者而言，甲氨喋呤＋糖皮质激素可取代环磷酰胺用于诱导缓解。以甲氨喋呤为维持治疗用药时，疾病复发的几率较高，因此需进行严密的监测。患有系统性疾病且有器官受累的患者可采用环磷酰胺冲击治疗＋糖皮质激素来诱导缓解。联合使用硫唑嘌呤＋泼尼松（每日用药）可有效维持病情缓解。目前，血浆置换是晚期肾病患者进行免疫抑制剂治疗的最佳辅助手段。Churg—Stauss综合征患者可先采用大剂量糖皮质激素治疗，临床症状缓解后予以减量。死亡风险较高的患者应使用环磷酰胺。结论：尽管AAV的治疗方案应视各患者特定的临床情况而定，但目前不同类型AAV的治疗证据仍很匮乏。临床上仍然需要更加安全、有效的药物。

关键词： ANCA相关血管炎抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体长期治疗系统综述环磷酰胺冲击治疗糖皮质激素治疗随机对照试验慢性复发性疾病

Exercise training-induced changes in exerkine concentrations may be relevant to the metabolic control of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients:A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第2期12卷 147-157页

作者： antonio García-Hermoso Robinson Ramírez-Vélez Javier Díez Arantxa González Mikel Izquierdo Navarrabiomed Public University of Navarra(UPNA)Health Research Institute of Navarra(IdiSNA)University Hospital of NavarraPamplona 310008Spain CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging(CIBERFES) Carlos Ⅲ Institute of HealthMadrid 28029Spain Institute for Health Research of Navarra(IDISNA) Pamplona 31008Spain Program of Cardiovascular Diseases Center for Applied Medical ResearchUniversity of NavarraPamplona 31008Spain Centre for Biomedical Research in Cardiovascular Disease Network Carlos Ⅲ Institute of HealthMadrid 28029Spain Departments of Nephrology and Cardiology University of Navarra ClinicPamplona 31008Spain

Background:This study investigates the effects of exercise training on exerkines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus to determine the optimal exercise ***:A systematic search for relevant studies was performed in 3 *** controlled trials investigating the effects of exercise training on at least one of the following exerkines were included:adiponectin,apelin,brain-derived neurotrophic factor,fetuin-A,fibroblast growth factor-21,follistatin,ghrelin,interleukin(IL)-6,IL-8,IL-10,IL-15,IL-18,leptin,myostatin,omentin,resistin,retinol-binding protein 4,tumor necrosis factor-α,and ***:Forty randomized controlled trials were selected for data extraction(n=2160).Exercise training induces changes in adiponectin,fetuin-A,fibroblast growth factor-21,IL-6,IL-10,leptin,resistin,and tumor necrosis factor-a levels but has no significant effects on apelin,IL-18,and ghrelin compared to *** exercise training favored large and positive changes in pooled exerkines(i.e.,an overall effect size calculated from several exerkine s)(Hedge’s g=1.02,95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.76-1.28),which in turn were related to changes in glycated hemoglobin(mean difference(md)=-0.81%,95%CI:-0.95%to-0.67%),fasting glucose(md=-23.43 mg/dL,95%CI:-30.07 mg/dL to-16.80 mg/dL),waist circumference(md=-3.04 cm,95%CI:-4.02 cm to-2.07 cm),and body mass(md=-1.93 kg,95%CI:-2.00 kg to-1.86 kg).Slightly stronger effects were observed with aerobic,resistance,or high-intensity interval protocols at moderate-to vigorous-intensity and with programs longer than 24 weeks that comprise at least 3 sessions per week and more than 60 min per ***:Exercise training represents an anti-inflammatory therapy and metabolism-improving strategy with minimal side effects for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

关键词： Adipokines Exercise training Hepatokines Myokines

Laparoscopic approach to Meckel's diverticulum

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第25期20卷 8173-8178页

作者： Alfonso Papparella Fabiano Nino Carmine Noviello antonio Marte Pio Parmeggiani Ascanio Martino Giovanni Cobellis Departments of Paediatrics Paediatric Surgery Faculty of Medicine Paediatric Surgery-Second University of Naples80138 NaplesItaly Paediatric Surgery Unit-Salesi Children Hospital 60121 AnconaItaly

AIM: To retrospective review the laparoscopic management of Meckel Diverticulum(md) in two Italian Pediatric Surgery ***: Between January 2002 and December 2012, 19 trans-umbilical laparoscopic-assisted(TULA) procedures were performed for suspected md. The children were hospitalized for gastrointestinal bleeding and/or recurrent abdominal pain. Median age at diagnosis was 5.4 years(range 6 mo-15 years). The study included 15 boys and 4 girls. All patients underwent clinical examination, routine laboratory tests, abdominal ultrasound and technetium-99m pertechnetate scan, and patients with bleeding underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy. The abdominal exploration was performed with a 10 mm operative laparoscope. Pneumoperitoneum was establishedbased on the body weight. Systematic overview of the peritoneal cavity allowed the ileum to be grasped with an atraumatic instrument. The complete exploration and surgical treatment of md were performed extracorporeally, after intestinal exteriorization through the umbilicus. All patients' demographics, main clinical features, diagnostic investigations, operative time, histopathology reports, conversion rate, hospital stay and complications were registered and ***: md was identified in 17 patients, while 1 had an ileal duplication and 1 a jejunal hemangioma. Fifteen patients had painless intestinal bleeding, while 4 had recurrent abdominal pain and exhibited cyst like structures in an ultrasound study. Eleven patients had a positive technetium-99m pertechnetate scan. In the patients with bleeding, gastrointestinal endoscopy did not name the source of hemorrhage. All patients were subjected to a TULA surgical procedure. An intestinal resection/anastomosis was performed in 14 patients, while 4 had a wedge resection of the diverticulum and 1 underwent stapling diverticulectomy. All surgical procedures were performed without conversion to open laparotomy. Mean operative time was 75 min(range 40-115 min). No m

关键词： Meckel's diverticulum Laparoscopy One trocar surgery Gastrointestinal bleeding Minimal invasive surgery Ileal duplication Jejunal hemangioma