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Posterior Gastric Perforation in Liberia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Health 2018年第10期10卷 1342-1348页

作者： Edet Ikpi Solomane Konneh Bashir Yunusa ansumana camara Swaliho Sheriff Romel Chinneh David Alele Department of Surgery JFK Memorial Hospital Monrovia Republic of Liberia Department of Surgery Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai New York USA

Background: The incidence of posterior gastric perforation worldwide is low;the literature has no previous record of its occurrence in Liberia. The diffuse symptoms of a perforated posterior gastric ulcer, delay by patients before they present to hospital, and the lack of skilled personnel and facilities in Liberia to diagnose and treat this condition increase the mortality associated with posterior gastric perforation. Objective: To report the first case of posterior gastric perforation encountered in Liberia. Materials and Method: Case report. Case Presentation/Report: A 44 year old male was referred to John F. Kennedy Memorial Hospital (Liberia’s principal teaching hospital) with a diagnosis of gastritis after six days of worsening epigastric pain. He had a history of NSAID use for a chronic leg and foot ulcer. Physical examination revealed a moderately distended, markedly tender abdomen characterized by guarding, rigidity and low-pitched bowel sounds. Patient was resuscitated with intravenous fluids, antibiotics and analgesics. An emergency exploratory laparotomy subsequently performed revealed a large collection of purulent peritoneal fluid, a 3 × 4 cm perforation on the posterior wall of the stomach and a 3 × 2.5 cm perforation of the transverse mesocolon. The perforations were repaired and the patient recovered satisfactorily. Conclusion: Though relatively rare and associated with a high morbidity and mortality, this case report shows that the paucity of reported cases of posterior gastric perforation may also be attributable to lack of specialist staff with capacity for clinical diagnosis and surgical intervention in a resource poor setting. Identifying patients with gastric perforation and having the skill to repair the perforations significantly enhance the clinical outcome.

关键词： Perforation Ulcer Gastric Posterior

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Penile Cancer in Liberia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

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Health 2018年第8期10卷 1132-1139页

作者： Edet Ikpi Solomane Konneh Bashir Yunusa ansumana camara Alberta Clark Sean Subah David Alele Monica Sroden Urology Division Department of Surgery JFK Memorial Hospital Monrovia Republic of Liberia Department of Surgery Icahn School of Medicine Mount Sinai New York USA Department of Pathology Waterbury Hospital Waterbury USA

Background: Penile cancer is uncommon in Liberia with no record of its occurrence so far in the literature. Its occurrence worldwide is significantly affected by cultural or religious practices like childhood circumcision. Smoking, poor penile hygiene and inflammatory processes in the presence of smegma increase the risk of its occurrence. Objective: To review the first case of penile cancer treated in Liberia. Materials and Method: Case report. Case Presentation/Report: Our index patient is a 65-year old man referred from a peripheral centre in acute urinary retention. He also presented with a year history of progressively expanding ulcerative penile lesion affecting the glans and penile shaft. Local examination of the genitalia revealed an ulcerated lesion extending from the glans up to the mid shaft of the penis. The penobulbar urethra was free of induration. The external urethral meatus was infiltrated by the lesion. The scrotum and testes were normal and digital rectal examination revealed a moderately enlarged benign prostate. Bilateral inguinal lymph node enlargement was elicited. A diagnosis of advanced penile cancer with benign prostatic hyperplasia was made. The patient had partial penectomy, reconstruction of new external urethral meatus and inguinal lymphadenectomy. The specimen was histologically confirmed to be Squamous cell Carcinoma of the penis;the resection margins and lymph nodes biopsied were found to be adequate and tumor free respectively. Patient’s post operative recovery was uneventful and he was discharged after a week. His follow up status after 6 months has remained satisfactory. Conclusion: Though rare, penile cancer does occur in Liberia and specialist staff with capacity for diagnosing and surgical intervention remains critical to patients’ outcome. Early intervention improves the chances of better outcome;counseling is critical to prevent treated patient lapsing into depression.

关键词： Carcinoma Penis Penectomy

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Effects of seismic devices on transverse responses of piers in the Sutong Bridge

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2015年第4期14卷 611-623页

作者： Shen Xing Alfredo camara Ye Aijun State Key Laboratory for Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering Tongji University Department of Civil and Engineering City UniversityLondonUnited Kingdom PhD

The Sutong Bridge in China opened to traffic in 2008, and is an arterial connection between the cities of Nantong and Suzhou. It is a cable-stayed bridge with a main span of 1,088 m. Due to a tight construction schedule and lack of suitable seismic devices at the time, fixed supports were installed between the piers and the girder in the transverse direction. As a result, significant transverse seismic forces could occur in the piers and foundations, especially during a return period of a 2500-year earthquake. Therefore, the piers, foundations and fixed bearings had to be designed extraordinarily strong. However, when larger earthquakes occur, the bearings, piers and foundations are still vulnerable. The recent rapid developments in seismic technology and the performance-based design approach offer a better opportunity to optimize the transverse seismic design for the Sutong Bridge piers. The optimized design can be applied to the Sutong Bridge(as a retrofit), as well as other bridges. Seismic design alternatives utilizing viscous fluid dampers(VFD), or friction pendulum sliding bearings(FPSB), or transverse yielding metallic dampers(TYMD) are thoroughly studied in this work, and the results are compared with those from the current condition with fixed transverse supports and a hypothetical condition in which only sliding bearings are provided on top of the piers(the girder can move "freely" in the transverse direction during the earthquake, except for frictional forces of the sliding bearings). Parametric analyses were performed to optimize the design of these proposed seismic devices. From the comparison of the peak bridge responses in these configurations, it was found that both VFD and TYMD are very effective in the reduction of transverse seismic forces in piers, while at the same time keeping the relative transverse displacements between piers and the box girder within acceptable limits. However, compared to VFD, TYMD do not interact with the longitudinal disp

关键词： Sutong Bridge cable-stayed bridge seismic devices transverse response bridge piers viscous fluid dampers(VFD) friction pendulum sliding bearings(FPSB) transverse yielding metallic dampers(TYMD)

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Remote ischemic preconditioning as treatment for non-ischemic gastrointestinal disorders: Beyond ischemia-reperfusion injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第13期20卷 3572-3581页

作者： Carlos Rodrigo camara-Lemarroy Departamento de Medicina Interna Hospital Universitario "Dr. José E. González"Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo LeónMonterreyNL 64460México

Common gastrointestinal diseases such as radiation enteritis(RE),acute pancreatitis,inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)and drug-induced hepatotoxicity share pathophysiological mechanisms at the molecular level,mostly involving the activation of many pathways of the immune response,ultimately leading to tissue *** oxidative stress,inflammatory cytokine release,inflammatory cell infiltration and activation and the up-regulation of inflammatory transcription factors participate in the pathophysiology of these complex *** varies in each specific disease,but at least in the cases of RE and IBD immunosuppressors are ***,full therapeutic responses are not always *** pathophysiology of ischemiareperfusion(IR)injury shares many of these *** and repetitive periods of ischemia in an organ or limb have been shown to protect against subsequent major IR injury in distant organs,a phenomenon called remote ischemic preconditioning(RIP).This procedure has been shown to protect the gut,pancreas and liver by modulating many of the same inflammatory *** RIP is safe and tolerable,and has shown to be effective in some recent clinical trials,I suggest that RIP could be used as a physiologicallyrelevant adjunct treatment for non-ischemic gastrointestinal inflammatory conditions.

关键词： Ischemia reperfusion Ischemic preconditioning Remote ischemic preconditioning Acute pancreatitis Radiation enteritis Inflammatory bowel diseases Hepatotoxicity Inflammation

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Contaminated open fracture and crush injury: a murine model

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Bone Research 2015年第1期3卷 31-39页

作者： Shawn R Gilbert Justin camara Richard camara Lynn Duffy Ken Waites Hyunki Kim Kurt Zinn Department of Surgery University of Alabama at Birmingham AL USA Loma Linda School of Medicine Loma LindaCAUSA Departments of Pathology University of Alabama at BirminghamAL USA Department of Radiology University of Alabama at BirminghamAL USA

Modern warfare has caused a large number of severe extremity injuries, many of which become infected. In more recent conflicts, a pattern of co-infection with Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus has emerged. We attempted to recreate this pattern in an animal model to evaluate the role of vascularity in contaminated open fractures. Historically, it has been observed that infected bones frequently appear hypovascular, but vascularity in association with bone infection has not been examined in animal models. Adult rats underwent femur fracture and muscle crush injury followed by stabilization and bacterial contamination with A. baumannii complex and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus *** and perfusion were assessed by micro CT angiography and SPECT scanning, respectively, at 1, 2 and 4 weeks after injury. Quantitative bacterial cultures were also obtained. Multi-bacterial infections were successfully created, with methicillin-resistant S. aureus predominating. There was overall increase in blood flow to injured limbs that was markedly greater in bacteria-inoculated limbs. Vessel volume was greater in the infected group. Quadriceps atrophy was seen in both groups, but was greater in the infected group. In this animal model, infected open fractures had greater perfusion and vascularity than non-infected limbs.

关键词： MRSA Contaminated open fracture and crush injury a murine model

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Impact of land uses on water quality in Malaysia: a review

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 128-137页

作者： Moriken camara Nor Rohaizah Jamil Ahmad Fikri Bin Abdullah Faculty of Environmental Studies Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM43400 SerdangSelangorMalaysia Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversiti Putra Malaysia(UPM)43400SerdangSelangorMalaysia.

Land use changes in urbanization,industrialization,and agricultural processes will continue to have negative impacts on water quality at all *** impact of land use changes on water quality is generally studied by analyzing the relationships between land use and water quality ***,the purpose of this research was to review and analyze the main relationships between land use and water quality,as well as to visualize the major sources and processes of water quality pollution in *** achieve our goal,we evaluated the significance of both land use and water quality attributes used in the past studies and correlated them to understand their relationship from another angle of *** results revealed that 87%of the reviewed studies indicated urban land use as a major source of water pollution,while 82%indicated agricultural land use,77%indicated forest land use,and 44%indicated other land ***,the results of correlation analysis showed that agricultural and forest-related activities more affected water quality through their significant positive correlation with physical and chemical indicators of water quality,while urban development activities had a greater impact on water quality through altering hydrological processes such as runoff and *** findings would provide decision-makers with useful information for managing water pollution processes rather than sources only.

关键词： Land use Water quality Malaysia

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Numerical analysis of flow and heat transfer behavior in fin-tube flat-plate solar collector

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2007年第2期14卷 149-154页

作者： Namory camara 陆慧林 Dept. of Power Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology

Temperature distribution over the absorber plate of a parallel flow flat-plate solar collector is numerically analyzed. The governing differential equations with boundary conditions are solved numerically using fluent software. Effects of the inlet mass flux, inlet temperature and tube spacing on velocity and temperature distributions are discussed. Numerical results show that the distributions of velocity and temperature of fluid is unsymmetrical inside pipe.

关键词： sola energy simulation flat-plate

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The Contribution of the People’s Republic of China to Malian Conflict Resolution (2013-2017)

The Contribution of the People’s Republic of China to Malia...

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作者： Alassane camara 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

马里是一个土地辽阔、历史悠久、文化深厚的国家,马里人民多年来为祖国的和平与兴盛不懈努力。从古至今,在寻求社会、经济、文化在国内和国际发展的进程中,这个美丽的文化历史大国的发展之路上既铺满鲜花,也遍布荆棘。尽管如此,国家领... 详细信息

马里是一个土地辽阔、历史悠久、文化深厚的国家,马里人民多年来为祖国的和平与兴盛不懈努力。从古至今,在寻求社会、经济、文化在国内和国际发展的进程中,这个美丽的文化历史大国的发展之路上既铺满鲜花,也遍布荆棘。尽管如此,国家领导人的攻坚克难,加之国际上合作伙伴的多方支持,使得马里所面临的许多发展问题都迎刃而解。本文旨在研究自2012年起由恐怖分子和毒贩在马里北部引起的恐慌和危机。中国自建国以来一直是马里重要的合作伙伴之一,在解决这类冲突性问题时,中国从未袖手旁观。中国与马里的友好关系可以追溯至57年前莫迪博·凯塔总统时期与和毛泽东主席建立的友谊。本文将以中国帮助解决马里国内的冲突问题为切入点,考察两国之间友好的双边关系。中国已与其他国际合作伙伴一道,在联合国马里多层面综合稳定团的维和任务中,尤其是应对马里北部的危机方面做出了突出贡献;除此,中国还在马里境内的人员培训、医疗救助、后勤物资等方面做出了积极贡献,尤其在卫生防预、基础设施和工程建设等主要领域给予了马里人民无私援助。

关键词：非洲联盟马里中华人民共和国解决冲突

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Optimization of room-and-pillar dimensions using automated numerical models

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International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 2019年第5期29卷 797-801页

作者： Gian Franco Napa-García Tais Renata camara Vidal Félix Navarro Torres Mining Instituto Tecnológico ValeSanta LuziaMG 33040-900Brazil Exploration and Mineral Projects VALE S.A.Santa LuziaMG 33040-900Brazil

This paper presents an optimization methodology for the geometric configuration of a room–and–pillar mining project,considering safety and operational restrictions while maximizing ore *** underground manganese mine was chosen as a case study to investigate the capabilities of the presented methodology.A software package(OPTIMINE)was implemented to address the computational demand in an automated ***–dimensional finite difference analyses were performed in FLAC3D and used as implicit functions to consider safety in terms of the factor of safety and room *** obtained results showed that recovery could be increased from 44%to more than 80%in a safe manner.

关键词： Optimization Safety Room and pillar mining Ore recovery 3D numerical modeling

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Focus on the gut-brain axis: multiple sclerosis, the intestinal barrier and the microbiome

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第37期24卷 4217-4223页

作者： Carlos R camara-Lemarroy Luanne M Metz V Wee Yong Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary Hotchkiss Brain Institute Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary

The brain-gut axis serves as the bidirectional connection between the gut microbiome, the intestinal barrier and the immune system that might be relevant for the pathophysiology of inflammatory demyelinating diseases. People with multiple sclerosis have been shown to have an altered microbiome, increased intestinal permeability and changes in bile acid metabolism. Experimental evidence suggests that these changes can lead to profound alterations of peripheral and central nervous system immune regulation. Besides being of pathophysiological interest, the brain-gut axis could also open new avenues of therapeutic targets. Modification of the microbiome, the use of probiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, supplementation with bile acids and intestinal barrier enhancers are all promising candidates. Hopefully, pre-clinical studies and clinical trials will soon yield significant results.

关键词： Multiple sclerosis Microbiome Intestinal barrier Bile acids Gut-brain axis

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