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Journal of Forestry Research 2016年第2期27卷 313-320页

作者： Philippe Bayen anne mette lykke Adjima Thiombiano Laboratory of Plant Biology and Ecology University of Ouagadougou Department of Bioscience Aarhus University

In the Sahel of Africa, where 90 % of the population depends on natural resources for their liveli- hood, a large part of the soils are structurally unstable, prone to crusting and hard setting, and have low water holding capacity, which hamper vegetation establishment. The effect of soil restoration techniques on survival and growth of seedlings of Acacia nilotica, Acacia tortilis and Jatropha curcas was tested in completely barren, degraded land in a Sahelian ecosystem in Burkina Faso. A total of 522 seedlings （174 plants of each plant species） were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replicates combining three soil preparation techniques： half-moon, zai＂ and standard plantation. Survival and growth rates evaluated over 20 months were significantly higher using the half-moon technique compared with the other two techniques. Survival rates of plant species planted using half-moon technique were 62.5, 28.57 and 10.71% for A. nilotica, A. tortilis and J. curcas respec- tively, but in za＇i and standard planting, seedling survival was zero. The low survival rate of J. curcas using the half-moon technique may indicate that J. curcas is unsuit- able for barren and degraded land, whereas A. nilotica and A. tortilis appear to be promising tree species for rehabil- itation of degraded land.

关键词： Afforestation Bare soil Soil rehabilitation Species selection Water conservation

Identification of pests and assessment of their damage on Carapa procera and Lophira lanceolata in Burkina Faso,West Africa

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第3期28卷 585-591页

作者： Baslayi Tindano Olivier Gnankine Amade Ouedraogo Mamadou Traore Jφrgen Axelsen anne mette lykke Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la vie et de la Terre Laboratoire d'Entomologie Fondamentale et AppliqueeUniversite de Ouagadougou03 BP 7021 OuagadougouBurkina Faso Unite de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la vie etde la Terre Laboratoire de Biologie et Ecologie VegetalesUniversite de Ouagadougou03 BP 7021 OuagadougouBurkina Faso INERA Institut de l'Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles01 BP 476 Ouagadougou 01Burkina Faso Department of Bioscience Aarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark

Nontimber forest products are a source of income for women in rural African communities. However, these products are frequently damaged by insect pests. The present study investigates the diversity and damage rates of insect pests that attack Carapa procera seeds and Lophira lanceolata fruits. The experiment was set up in western Burkina Faso and, for C. carapa, consisted of pests collected from seeds that had fallen to the ground and from stockpiled seeds. For L. lanceolata, pests were collected from fruits on the trees, and on the ground. The collected samples were sent to the laboratory to estimate the proportion of damaged seeds/fruits and rear the insects. The results showed that Ephestia spp., Tribolium castaneum, Oryzeaphilus spp., and Tenebroides mauritanicus were the pests of Carapa procera seeds and Lophira lanceolata fruits. Ephestia spp. was recorded as the main pest of both C. proeera and L. lanceolata, whereas T. castaneum was only detected from seeds of L. lanceolata. For C. procera, the stocks were the most infested （29 %） by Ephestia spp. The infestation rate of fruits of L. lanceolata by Ephestia spp, on trees （31.42 ± 3.75 %） was less than the rate of fruits by T. castaneum on the ground （44.00 ± 3.5 %）. The different body sizes of Ephestia spp. may indicate the occurrence of two putative species, one from C. procera and another one from L. lanceolata. This work provides important information that could contribute to the setting up of a local-scale sustainable management framework for oil tree pests in Burkina Faso and surrounding countries.

关键词： Insect diversity Carapa procera Lophiralanceolata Ephestia spp. Pest management

Occupational risk of exposure to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)and the quality of infection hygiene in nursing homes

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第3期15卷 111-121页

作者： Pil Uthaug Rasmussen Katrine Uhrbrand mette Damkjaer Bartels Helle Neustrup Dorina Gabriela Karottki Ute Biiltmann anne mette Madsen National Research Centre for the Working Environment Lerso Parkalle 1052100 Copenhagen 0Denmark Department of Clinical Microbiology Hvidovre HospitalKettegdrd Alle 302650 HvidovreDenmark The Danish Working Environment Authority Landskronagade 332100 CopenhagenDenmark University Medical Center Groningen Department of Health SciencesCommunity&Occupational MedicineUniversity of Groningen9700 GroningenThe Netherlands

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)is an increasing health concern across the globe and is often prevalent at long-term care facilities,such as nursing ***,we know little of whether nursing home staff is exposed to MRSA via air and *** investigated whether staff members at nursing homes are colonised with and exposed to culturable MRSA,and assessed staff members'self-reported knowledge of MRSA and compliance with infection hygiene *** nursing homes with MRSA positive residents were visited in Copenhagen,*** bioaerosol exposure samples and environmental samples from surfaces,sedimented dust and bioaerosols were examined for MRSA and methicillin-suscqjtible ***(MSSA)to determine occupational *** were taken from staffs*nose,throat,and hands to determine whether they were colonised with *** online questionnaire about MRSA and infection control was *** staff members were colonised with MRSA,but MRSA was detected in the rooms of the colonised residents in two out of the five nursing *** was observed in air(n=4 out of 42,ranging from 2.9-1.9 CFU/m^(3)),sedimented dust(n=1 out of 58,1.1 ×10^(3) CFU/m^(2)/d),and on surfaces(n=9 out of 113,0.04-70.8 CFU/m^(2)).The questionnaire revealed that half of the staff members worry about spreading MRSA to *** aspects for improvement were improved availability and use of protective equipment,not transferring cleaning supplies(e.g.,vacuum cleaners)between residents'rooms and to reduce worry of MRSA,e.g.,through education.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance Airborne MRSA Bioaerosols Healthcare-associated infections Healthcare worker Occupational health

Screw osteosynthesis of transverse fracture of the patella in children

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World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2019年第2期2卷 6-8页

作者： Simon Oksbjerre Mortensen anne mette Stausholm Rikke Thorninger Orthopedic Surgery Regions hospitalet RandersRandersDenmark Orthopedic Surgery Aalborg Universitets hospitalAalborgDenmark

Objective Patella fractures in children are rare,with an incidence of less than 1%of all pediatric *** describes different surgical techniques and outcomes,but there is not a specified superior technique for *** aim of this study is to assess the functional outcome after screw fixation of transverse patella fractures in *** Two boys at 11 years of age were presented with a transverse fracture of the patella within the same *** reduction and fixation of the fractured patella with periost sutures and a 4.0 mm titanium screw inserted from the distal ***,the quadriceps expansion was meticulously repaired with *** The patients could fully weight bear immediately on a fully extended knee in an *** 4 weeks,radiological healing was *** the 8-week and 6-month follow-up,the modified Hospital of Special Surgery knee score was 100 points in both *** Single screw fixation provides an excellent outcome after 8 weeks with a full range of motion and full weight bearing,providing a faster recovery.

关键词： Surgery transverse fracture

Global transcriptional changes in response to cGAMP depend on STING in human THP-1 cells

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第11期15卷 983-985页

作者： anne Louise Hansen Aske M.Brandtoft mette Nyegaard anne L.Thielke David Olagnier Christian K.Holm Department of Biomedicine Aarhus Research Center for Innate ImmunologyAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark

Cytosolic detection of foreign or misplaced self-DNA through the cGAS-STING pathway leads to cGAS-mediated synthesis of the second messenger molecule *** immune signaling molecule STING binds cGAMP directly,and thus functions as a cGAMP *** of cGAMP induces the activation of STING with the subsequent induction of anti-viral and proinflammatory ***,it is not known whether STING is the only cellular sensor of cGAMP,and it has not been reported whether stimulation with cGAMP can induce gene transcription independently of *** we analyzed the global cGAMP-induced transcriptional gene program in STING-deficient human monocyte-derived THP-1 *** found that the global cGAMP-induced transcriptional response was dependent on STING and failed to identify groups of genes that were affected by cGAMP in the absence of *** data therefore strongly indicate that STING is the sole receptor for cGAMP in human macrophages.

关键词： stimulation STING transcriptional

Impacts of prenatal nutrition on animal production and performance： a focus on growth and metabolic and endocrine function in sheep

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 10-23页

作者： Prabhat Khanal mette Olaf Nielsen Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of Copenhagen Gronnegardsvey 31st floorDK-1870 Frederiksberg CDenmark Department of Nutrition Faculty of MedicineTransgenic Animal and Lipid StorageNorwegian Transgenic Centre(NTS)University of OsloOsloNotway

The concept of foetal programming（FP） originated from human epidemiological studies, where foetal life nutrition was linked to health and disease status later in life. Since the proposal of this phenomenon, it has been evaluated in various animal models to gain further insights into the mechanisms underlying the foetal origins of health and disease in humans. In FP research, the sheep has been quite extensively used as a model for humans. In this paper we will review findings mainly from our Copenhagen sheep model, on the implications of late gestation malnutrition for growth, development, and metabolic and endocrine functions later in life, and discuss how these implications may depend on the diet fed to the animal in early postnatal life. Our results have indicated that negative implications of foetal malnutrition, both as a result of overnutrition and, particularly, late gestation undernutrition, can impair a wide range of endocrine functions regulating growth and presumably also reproductive traits. These implications are not readily observable early in postnatal life, but are increasingly manifested as the animal approaches adulthood. No intervention or cure is known that can reverse this programming in postnatal life. Our findings suggest that close to normal growth and slaughter results can be obtained at least until puberty in animals which have undergone adverse programming in foetal life, but manifestation of programming effects becomes increasingly evident in adult *** to the risk of transfer of the adverse programming effects to future generations, it is therefore recommended that animals that are suspected to have undergone adverse FP are not used for reproduction. Unfortunately, no reliable biomarkers have as yet been identified that allow accurate identification of adversely programmed offspring at birth,except for very low or high birth weights, and, in pigs, characteristic changes in head shape（dolphin head）. Future efforts should be therefo

关键词： Adipose tissue Endocrine function Foetal programming Metabolic function Sheep

Anorexia nervosa:Outpatient treatment and medical management

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第4期12卷 558-579页

作者： Stein Frostad mette Bentz Department of Mental Health Research Division of PsychiatryHaukeland University HospitalBergen 5021Norway Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre Capital Region of DenmarkUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2400Denmark

Anorexia nervosa(AN)is a disabling,costly and potentially deadly *** failure and relapse are common after completing treatment,and a substantial proportion of patients develop severe and enduring *** time from AN debut to the treatment initiation is normally unreasonably *** the past 20 years there has been empirical support for the efficacy of several treatments for ***,outpatient treatment with family-based therapy or individual psychotherapy is associated with good outcomes for a substantial proportion of *** intervention improves outcomes and should be a priority for all *** treatment is usually the best format for early intervention,and it has been demonstrated that even patients with severe or extreme AN can be treated as outpatients if they are medically *** care is more disruptive,more costly,and usually has a longer waiting list than does outpatient *** decision as to whether to proceed with outpatient treatment or to transfer the patient for inpatient therapy may be *** core aim of this opinion review is to provide the knowledge base needed for performing safe outpatient treatment of *** scientific essentials for outpatient treatment are described,including how to assess and manage the medical risks of AN and how to decide when transition to inpatient care is *** following aspects are discussed:early intervention,outpatient treatment of AN,including outpatient psychotherapy for severe and extreme AN,how to determine when outpatient treatment is safe,and when transfer to inpatient healthcare is *** treatments,ethical issues and outstanding research questions are also addressed.

关键词： Anorexia nervosa Outpatient treatment Medical management Outpatient psychotherapy Inpatient healthcare

Plasma metabolomic profiles and immune responses of piglets after weaning and challenge with ***

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 291-298页

作者： Sugiharto Sugiharto mette S Hedemann Charlotte Lauridsen Department of Animal Science Faculty of Science and TechnologyAarhus University Faculty of Animal Science and Agriculture Diponegoro UniversitySemarang Central Java 50275Indonesia

Background： The processes of weaning and exposure to pathogenic bacteria induce stress responses, which may alter the metabolism. In this study, we investigated the changes in plasma metabolites and immune responses in piglets in response to the stress induced by weaning and Escherichia coli challenge. Results： Fecal dry matter decreased （P = 0.003） and nearly half （44.4%） the piglets developed diarrhea on day 2 and 3 postweaning. The concentration of plasma immunoglobulin A was higher （P 〈 0.001） on day 11 postweaning than on day 0 or 4 postweaning. The levels of white blood cells increased continuously （P〈 0.001） from day 0 to day 11 postweaning. Differences in the percentages of neutrophils （P = 0.029） and lymphocytes （P = 0.022） were seen, but the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio did not differ in the period after weaning. A clear separation of the metabolomic profile data for day 0 and day 4 postweaning was observed with a principal components analysis （PCA） scores plot, and the data for day 11 were located between those for day 0 and day 4 postweaning. The plasma levels of proline, taurine, and carnitine were higher, whereas those of betaine, creatine, L-arginine and acetylcarnitine were lower on day 4 postweaning than on day 0. Levels of lysophosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylcholine were either higher or lower after weaning, depending on the chain lengths or characters of these metabolites. Conclusions： Our results show a clear separation in the plasma metabolomic profiles of piglets that corresponded to the fecal responses to stress on the piglets induced by weaning or exposure to a pathogen （E. coli）. These plasma metabolite profiles suggest that the challenges induced proinflammatory responses in the piglets, resulting in postweaning diarrhea, which was associated with higher concentrations of IgA in the plasma.

关键词： E. coil F18 Immunity Metabolite Piglet Weaning

User Driven Innovation in the Building Process

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2008年第S1期13卷 248-254页

作者： Per Christiansson Kistian Birch Sφrensen mette Rφdtness mette Abrahamsen Lars Ostenfeld Riemnann Morten Alsdorf Aalborg University Department of Civil Engineering Rambφll A/S Arkitema A/S

During the late years there has been an ever-increasing focus on the possibilities to change the building process to raise quality on the final building products as well as the activities of actors involved in the building process. One reason for this interest is the new opportunities evolving due to introduction of advanced information and communication technology (ICT). The paper focuses on creative changes of the building process powered by user driven innovation activities. An overview of existing user driven innovation methodologies is given as well experiences from the ongoing Virtual Innovation in Construction (VIC) project. One important driving force for change is the opportunity for users to develop and articulate real needs concerning for example different functionalities of a building and its parts, but also on artifacts supporting the actual needs capture and requirements formulation during building design. A general methodological framework and meta ontology for Virtual Innovation in Construction is presented as well as findings from implementation of the method.

关键词： innovation user driven needs requirements creative design construction system development

i2dash:Creation of Flexible,Interactive,and Web-based Dashboards for Visualization of Omics Data

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2022年第3期20卷 568-577页

作者： Arsenij Ustjanzew Jens Preussner mette Bentsen Carsten Kuenne Mario Looso Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research Bioinformatics UnitD-61231 Bad NauheimGermany

Data visualization and interactive data exploration are important aspects of illustrating complex concepts and results from analyses of omics data.A suitable visualization has to be intuitive and ***-based dashboards have become popular tools for the arrangement,consolidation,and display of such ***,the combination of automated data processing pipelines handling omics data and dynamically generated,interactive dashboards is poorly ***,we present i2dash,an R package intended to encapsulate functionality for the programmatic creation of customized *** supports interactive and responsive(linked)visualizations across a set of predefined graphical layouts.i2dash addresses the needs of data analysts/software developers for a tool that is compatible and attachable to any R-based analysis pipeline,thereby fostering the separation of data visualization on one hand and data analysis tasks on the other *** addition,the generic design of i2dash enables the development of modular extensions for specific *** a proof of principle,we provide an extension of i2dash optimized for single-cell RNA sequencing analysis,supporting the creation of dashboards for the visualization needs of such *** with these features,i2dash is suitable for extensive use in large-scale sequencing/bioinformatics *** this line,we provide i2dash as a containerized solution,enabling a straightforward large-scale deployment and sharing of dashboards using cloud services.i2dash is freely available via the R package archive CRAN(https://***/package=i2dash).

关键词： Data visualization Dashboard Cloud Data analysis Automation