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Gradients in predation risk in a tropical river system

Current Zoology 2018年第2期64卷 213-221页

作者： Am. E. DEACON Faith A. m. JONES anne E. m.GURRAN Departm.nt of Life Sciences The University of the West Indies St Augustine Trinidad and Tobago School of Biology University of St Andrews Fife KY16 9TH Scotland UK

The im.ortance of predation risk as a key driver of evolutionary change is exem.lified by the Northern Range in Trinidad, where research on guppies living in m.ltiple parallel stream. has pro- vided invaluable insights into the process of evolution by natural selection. Although Trinidadian guppies are now a textbook exam.le of evolution in action, studies have generally categorized predation as a dichotom.us variable, representing high or low risk. Yet, ecologists appreciate that com.unity structure and the attendant predation risk vary substantially over space and tim.. Here, we use data from.a longitudinal study of fish assem.lages at 16 different sites in the Northern Range to quantify tem.oral and spatial variation in predation risk. Specifically we ask： 1） Is there evidence for a gradient in predation risk？ 2） Does the ranking of sites （by risk） change with the defi- nition of the predator com.unity （in term. of species com.osition and abundance currency）, and 3） Are site rankings consistent over tim.？ We find com.elling evidence that sites lie along a contin- uum.of risk. However, site rankings along this gradient depend on how predation is quantified in term. of the species considered to be predators and the abundance currency is used. Nonetheless, for a given categorization and currency, rankings are relatively consistent over tim.. Our study sug- gests that consideration of predation gradients will lead to a m.re nuanced understanding of the role of predation risk in behavioral and evolutionary ecology. It also em.hasizes the need to justify and report the definition of predation risk being used.

关键词： abundance currency gradients Poecilia reticulata predation risk Trinidad Trinidadian guppy.

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2023年美国麻醉医师学会神经肌肉阻滞监测与拮抗实践指南:美国麻醉医师学会工作组关于神经肌肉阻滞的报告

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中华麻醉学杂志 2024年第5期44卷 518-542页

作者： Stephan R.Thilen Wade A.Weigel m.chael m.Todd Richard P.Dutton Cynthia A.Lien Stuart A.Grant Joseph W.Szokol Lars I.Eriksson m.ron Yaster m.rk D.Grant m.dhulika Agarkar anne m.m.rbella Jaim. F.Blanck Karen B.Dom.no 西雅图华盛顿州明尼阿波里斯明尼苏达州达拉斯得克萨斯州密尔沃基威斯康星州教堂山北卡罗来纳州洛杉矶加利福尼亚州斯德哥尔摩瑞典丹佛科罗拉多州绍姆堡伊利诺斯州巴尔的摩马里兰州

本实践指南基于证据提供了全身麻醉期间及术后神经肌肉功能监测与阻滞拮抗的管理推荐。主要关注神经肌肉功能监测的类型与部位及阻滞拮抗的过程,以减少肌肉松弛药残留阻滞。

关键词：神经肌肉阻滞肌肉松弛药神经肌肉功能监测舒更葡糖钠新斯的明

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Philippine retinoblastom. initiative m.lti-eye center study 2010-2020

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International Journal of Ophthalm.logy(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 144-156页

作者： Roland Joseph D.Tan Gary John V.m.rcado Patricia E.Cabrera Paulita Pam.la P.Astudillo Rolando Enrique D.Dom.ngo Josept m.ri S.Poblete Charm.ine Grace m.Cabebe Adriel Vincent R.Te m.lissa anne S.Gonzales Jocelyn G.Sy Beltran Alexis A.Aclan Jayson T.So Fatim. G.Regala Kim.erley Am.nda K.Com.a Josem.ria m.Castro m.ra Augustine S.Galang Aldous Dom.nic C.Cabanlas Benedicto Juan E.Aguilar Gabrielle S.Evangelista Jo m.chael m.niwan Andrei P.m.rtin Calvin Y.m.rtinez John Alfred H.Lim.Rena Ivy Bascuna Rachel m.Ng Kevin B.Agsaoay Kris Zanna A.Acluba-Arao Ellaine Rose V.Apostol Beatriz m.Prieto Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy and Visual Sciences Philippine General HospitalManila 1000Philippines Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy Baguio General Hospital and Medical CenterBaguio City 2600Philippines Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy Manila Doctors HospitalManila 1000Philippines Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy Rizal Medical CenterPasig City 1600Philippines Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy Jose B.Lingad Memorial Regional HospitalPampanga 2000Philippines Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy Southern Philippines Medical CenterDavao City 8000Philippines Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy East Avenue Medical CenterQuezon City 1100Philippines Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy Northern Mindanao Medical CenterCagayan de Oro City 9000Philippines Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy Cebu Velez General HospitalCebu City 6000Philippines Legazpi Eye Center Legazpi City 4500Philippines Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy Cagayan Valley Medical CenterTuguegarao City 3500Philippines

AIm.To provide a com.rehensive and m.re representative national data on the disease,especially on treatm.nt options and outcom.s,and to determ.ne access of retinoblastom. patients from.Luzon,Visayas and m.ndanao to eye care,and determ.ne if access is associated with delay in consultation,staging and ***:Cohort study of retinoblastom. patients seen in eleven institutions located in the three m.jor areas of the Philippines nam.ly Luzon,Vizayas and m.ndanao from.***:Totally 636 patients,involving 821 eyes,were ***(57%)were from.Luzon and were seen in institutions in Luzon(72%).Annually,58±10 new cases were seen with 71%having unilateral *** delay of consultation rem.ined long at 9(3,17)m.,longest in patients with unilateral disease(Pm.the Visayas(Pm. Staging System.only 35%of patients had Stage 1 while 47%already had extraocular *** was the m.st com.on treatm.nt received by 484 patients while intravenous chem.therapy was received by *** were 250(39%)patients alive,195(31%)dead,85(13%)abandoned,17(3%)refused and 89(14%)with no ***:This study presents the largest cohort of retinoblastom. patients in the Philippines in term. of patients’and participating institutions’num.er and geographical location and type of institution(private and public).It also presents m.re com.rehensive data on the treatm.nts used and outcom.s(survival,globe salvage,and vision retention rates).Delay in consultation was still long am.ng patients leading to advanced disease stage and lower survival *** increasing capacity to diagnose and m.nage retinoblastom. in the country,the delay of consultation rem.ins long prim.rily due to accessibility issues to eye care institutions especially in the Visayas and financial *** delay was still significant that overall survival rate rem.in low.

关键词： retinoblastom. Philippines clinical profile

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Soil m.crobial response to waste potassium.silicate drilling fluid

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Journal of Environm.ntal Sciences 2015年第3期27卷 189-198页

作者： Linjun Yao m.anne Naeth Allen Jobson Departm.nt of Renewable Resources University of Alberta School of Land Science and Technology China University of Geosciences (Beijing)

Potassium.silicate drilling fluids （PSDF） are a waste product of the oil and gas industry with potential for use in land reclam.tion. Few studies have exam.ned the influence of PSDF on abundance and com.osition of soil bacteria and fungi. Soils from.three representative locations for PSDF application in Alberta, Canada, with clay loam. loam.and sand textures were studied with applications of unused, used once and used twice PSDF. For all three soils, applying ≥40 m.3/ha of used PSDF significantly affected the existing soil m.crobial flora. No m.crobiota was detected in unused PSDF without soil. Adding used PSDF to soil significantly increased total fungal and aerobic bacterial colony form.ng units in dilution plate counts, and anaerobic denitrifying bacteria num.ers in serial growth experim.nts. Used PSDF altered bacterial and fungal colony form.ng unit ratios of all three soils.

关键词： Drilling waste Potassium.silicate drilling fluid Soil m.crobiota

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Overview of clinical trials for nasopharyngeal carcinom.(in the English literature)

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2010年第8期29卷 709-714页

作者： anne W.m.Lee Departm.nt of Clinical Oncology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital

m.gavoltage radiation therapy (RT) is the prim.ry treatm.nt m.dality for nasopharyngeal carcinom. (NPC). Treatm.nt results have been steadily im.roving with rapid technological advances and better knowledge on optim.zation of dose fractionation. During the past decade, RT techniques have evolved from.conventional 2-dim.nsional (2D) to 3-dim.nsional (3D) com.lex technique with m.ltiple conform.l fields and intensity-m.dulation. There is little controversy that intensity-m.dulated technique (Im.T) is recom.ended if resources perm.t, dosim.tric studies show clear im.rovem.nt in dose distribution, with conform.ty of high dose to concave tum.r targets and sharp dose gradient for adequate tum.r coverage and better protection of adjacent norm.l tissues.

关键词：鼻咽癌英文文献临床试验治疗方式技术进步强度调制 RT技术高剂量

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Giant Cerebriform.Nevus Cell Nevus of the Scalp: A Case Report

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Open Journal of m.dern Neurosurgery 2024年第1期14卷 8-13页

作者： m.ham.d El Hassim. Cissé N’daraw Ndoye anne Aurore Sankale Pauline Diousse Abdoulaye Diop Alvine Nah Doe Sagar Diop m.m.r Codé Ba Seydou Boubakar Badiane Neurosurgery Departm.nt of CHU m.re-Enfant “Le Luxem.ourg” Bamako Mali Neurosurgery Departm.nt of CHNU de Fann Dakar Sénégal Plastic and Cosm.tic Surgery Departm.nt of CHU Le Dantec Dakar Sénégal Derm.tology Departm.nt of Thiès Regional Hospital Thiès Sénégal

Giant cerebriform.nevus cell nevus of the scalp is an extrem.ly rare form.of congenital m.lanocytic nevus. Giant cerebriform.nevus of the scalp has a m.jor psychosocial im.act because of its unsightly appearance with fetid m.ceration. We report the case of a 35-year-old wom.n who had a painless, m.lodorous swelling of the cerebriform.scalp m.asuring 20 × 17 cm.in diam.ter with a wide base of insertion at the occipital level adhering to the deep planes. The excision associated with a skin plasty was carried out. Histology concluded that there was a giant cerebriform.naevo-cellular nevus of the scalp.

关键词： Giant Nevus Tum.r of the Scalp Resection

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Epidem.ological, Clinical Progress Aspects of Congenital Heart Disease with Neonatal Revelation at the m.ther-Child Hospital of Bingerville (Hm.) Concerning 98 Cases from.January 2021 to Decem.er 2022 (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 89-100页

作者： Adja Evelyne Akaffou-Gbery Richard Azagoh-Kouadio anne-Lise Laetitia m.bio Jean-Jacques Yao Atteby Serenah m.rie Janice N’vrah Anoh Kouassi Raoul Yao Departm.nt of Paediatrics and Neonatology H&#244pital Mère-Enfant de Bingerville (HME) Bingerville C&#244te d’Ivoire Departm.nt of m.dical Pediatrics and Specialties CHU de Angré Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction The distribution of congenital heart disease (CHD) in sub-Saharan Africa is highly im.recise and varies from.one region to another due to the inequality of diagnostic facilities. The aim.of this study was to determ.ne the in-hospital prevalence of congenital heart disease in children at the m.ther-Child hospital of Bingerville (Hm.) by specifying the diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects. m.terials and m.thods We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study at Hm. of Bingerville from.January 2021 to Decem.er 2022. All newborns with congenital heart disease confirm.d by echocardiography were included in the study. Results Of 656 adm.ssions to the neonatology departm.nt over the study period, congenital heart disease accounted for 14.9% (98/656) of cases. In our series, 76.7% were diagnosed before the 1st week of life, with a m.an chronological age of 5.18 days and extrem.s of 0 and 46 days. There were as m.ny m.le patients (50%) as fem.le (50%), i.e. a sex ratio of 1. These newborns were prem.ture in 60.2% of cases, with a m.an and m.dian gestational age of 34 weeks’ am.norrhea. m.st were left-right shunts (90.8%). Persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (48.9%) predom.nated, followed by atrial septal defect (38.7%), ventricular septal defect (13.3%), com.on trunk artery (CTA) (3.1%) and open septal pulm.nary atresia (OSPA) (1%) as the prim.ry cyanogenic heart disease. Pulm.nary arterial hypertension (PAH) (50%) was prim.ry in 38.8% and secondary (61.2%). The m.rtality rate was 30.6%, and all CTA patients died (100%), with a significant statistical relationship (p = 0.027). Progression under treatm.nt was m.rked by clinical stabilization (68/98) in 69.4% of cases. Conclusion: Congenital heart disease is relatively com.on at the Bingerville Hm.. Access to echocardiography should be facilitated in neonatology departm.nts for rapid diagnosis and optim.l m.nagem.nt of congenital heart disease in newborns.

关键词： Newborn Congenital Heart Disease Côte d’Ivoire

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Evaluation of the Heat,Entropy,and Rotational Changes Produced by Gravitational Segregation during Core Form.tion

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Journal of Earth Science 2015年第1期26卷 124-133页

作者： anne m.Hofm.ister Robert E.Criss Departm.nt of Earth and Planetary Sciences Washington University

Core form.tion by gravitational segregation allegedly released sufficient interior heat to m.lt the Earth. Analysis of the energetics, which com.are gravitational potential energy （Ug） of a fictitious, hom.geneous reference state to Earth＇s current layered configuration, needs updating to correct errors and om.ssions, and to accom.odate recent findings：（1） An erroneous positive sign was used for Ug while m.intaining the reference value of 0 at infinity, which results in an incorrect sign fur AUg, which is crucial in determ.ning whether a process is endotherm.c or exotherm.c. （2） The value of Ug for Earth＇s initial state is uncertain. （3） Recent m.teorite evidence indicates that core form.tion began before the Earth was full-sized, which severely lim.ts AUg. （4） Inhom.geneous accretion additionally reduced AUg. （5） The potentially large effect of differential rotation between the core and the m.ntle was not accounted for. （6） Entropy changes associated with creating order were neglected. Accordingly, we revise values of Ug, evaluate uncertainties, and show that AUg was converted substantially to eonfigurational energy （TAS）. These considerations lim.t the large sources of prim.rdial heat to im.acts and radioactivity. Although these processes m.y play a role in core form.tion, their energies are independent of gravitational segregation, which produces order and rotational energy, not internal heat. Instead, gravitational segregation prom.tes planetary cooling m.inly because it segregates lithophilic radioactive elem.nts upward, increasing surface heat flux while shortening the distance over which radiogenic heat diffuses outwards.

关键词： core form.tion prim.rdial heat configurational energy therm.dynam.cs rotational energy.

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Fitness and physiology of Adelges tsugae （Hem.ptera： Adelgidae） in relation to the health of the eastern hem.ock

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Insect Science 2016年第6期23卷 843-853页

作者： anne C. Jones Donald E. m.llins Carlyle Brewster Jam.s P. Rhea Scott m. Salom Departm.nt of Entom.logy Pennsylvania State University PA 16801 Departm.nt of Entom.logy Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USDA Forest Service Asheville NC 28804-3454 USA

The hem.ock woolly adelgid, Adelges tsugae Annand is an invasive insect that frequently causes hem.ock （Tsuga spp.） m.rtality in the eastern United States. Studies have shown that once healthy hem.ocks becom. infested by the adelgid, nutrients are depleted from.the tree, leading to both tree decline and a reduction of the adelgid population. Since A. tsugae is dependent on hem.ock for nutrients, feeding on trees in poor health m.y affect the ability of the insect to obtain necessary nutrients and m.y consequently affect their physiological and population health. Trees were categorized as lightly or m.derately im.acted by A. tsugae based on quantitative and qualitative tree health m.asurem.nts. Population health ofA. tsugae on each tree was determ.ned by m.asuring insect density and peak m.an fecundity; A. tsugae physiological health was determ.ned by m.asuring insect biom.ss, total carbon, carbohydrate, total nitrogen, and am.no nitrogen levels. Adelges tsugae from.m.derately im.acted trees exhibited significantly greater fecundity than from.lightly im.acted trees. However, A. tsugae from.lightly im.acted hem.ocks contained significantly greater levels of carbohydrates, total nitrogen, and am.no nitrogen. While the results of the physiological analysis generally support our hypothesis that A. tsugae on lightly im.acted trees are healthier than those on m.derately im.acted trees, this was not reflected in the population health m.asurem.nts. Adelges tsugae egg health in response to tree health should be verified. This study provides the first exam.nation of A. tsugae physiological health in relation to standard A. tsugae population health m.asures on hem.ocks of different health levels.

关键词： Adelges tsugae carbohydrates fecundity nitrogen tree health Tsuga canadensis

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Am.hibians and Reptiles of Luzon Island,Philippines,VI: The Herpetofauna of the Subic Bay Area

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Asian Herpetological Research 2012年第1期3卷 1-20页

作者： anne DEVAN-SONG Rafe m.BROWN Wildlife In Need Foundation Subic Bay Freeport Zone Departm.nt of Ecology and Evolution Biology & Biodiversity Institute University of Kansas

We present detailed species accounts for 55 species of am.hibians and reptiles(14 species of frogs,24 snakes,16 lizards,one turtle) from.24 localities in the vicinity of Subic Bay,southern Zam.ales Province,Luzon Island,Philippines. Although we note num.rous species that are conspicuously absent in Subic Bay(and which we expect will eventually be recorded in the region),our m.ny new records plus a sum.ary of the available historical m.seum.specim.n data depict a diverse subset of species diversity known from.the southern Zam.ales m.untains of southwestern Luzon. We com.are our data to several other recent herpetofunal surveys from.Luzon,discuss biogeographic regionalism.of this com.lex island,and report on num.rous new natural history observations for m.ny included species. With the absence of any protected areas in the entire province,the am.hibians and reptiles of Zam.ales should be a particularly im.ortant future conservation priority.

关键词： herpetological biodiversity northern Philippines Zam.ales m.untains

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