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Ovarian autoimmune disease： clinical concepts and anima models

Cellular & molecular Immunology 2014年第6期11卷 510-521页

作者： Bryce D Warren William K Kinsey Lynda K mcGinnis Lane K Christenson Susmita Jasti anne m Stevens Brian K Petroff margaret G Petroff Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA Department of molecular and Integrative Physiology University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA Research Center for Immunity and I mmunotherapies Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center and Division of Rheumatology Department of Pediatrics University of Washington Seattle WA USA Department of Internal medicine University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA Present address: Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation Michigan State University College of Veterinary Medicine East Lansing MI USA

The ovary is not an immunologically privileged organ, but a breakdown in tolerogenic mechanisms for ovary-specific antigens has disastrous consequences on fertility in women, and this is replicated in murine models of autoimmune disease. Isolated ovarian autoimmune disease is rare in women, likely due to the severity of the disease and the inability to transmit genetic information conferring the ovarian disease across generations. Nonetheless, autoimmune oophoritis is often observed in association with other autoimmune diseases, particularly autoimmune adrenal disease, and takes a toll on both society and individual health. Studies in mice have revealed at least two mechanisms that protect the ovary from autoimmune attack. These mechanisms include control of autoreactive T cells by thymus-derived regulatory T cells, as well as a role for the autoimmune regulator （aire）, a transcriptional regulator that induces expression of tissue-restricted antigens in medullary thymic epithelial cells during development of T cells. Although the latter mechanism is incompletely defined, it is well established that failure of either results in autoimmune-mediated targeting and depletion of ovarian follicles. In this review, we will address the clinical features and consequences of autoimmune-mediated ovarian infertility in women, as well as the possible mechanisms of disease as revealed by animal models.

关键词： Ovarian autoimmune clinical concepts animal models

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A multiplatform metabolomic approach to characterize fecal signatures of negative postnatal events in chicks: a pilot study

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2019年第2期10卷 424-434页

作者： Stéphane Beauclercq Antoine Lefèvre Frédéric montigny anne Collin Sophie Tesseraud Christine Leterrier Patrick Emond Laurence A.Guilloteau BOA INRAUniversitéde Tours37380 NouzillyFrance Universitéde Tours PST Analyse des systèmes biologiquesToursFrance PRC INRACNRSUniversitéde ToursIFCE37380 NouzillyFrance UmR 1253 iBrainUniversitéde ToursInsermToursFrance CHRU de Tours Service de Médecine Nucléaire In VitroToursFrance.

Background: Negative experiences in early life can induce long-lasting effects on the welfare, health, and performance of farm animals. A delayed placement of chicks in rearing houses has negative effects on their performance, and results in fecal-specific odors detectable by rats. Based on this observation, the volatile organic compounds(VOCs) and metabolites from the feces of 12-day-old chickens were screened for early markers of response to negative events using gas-chromatography and liquid-chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry(GC-mS, LC-HRmS).Results: The low reproducibility of solid-phase micro-extraction of the VOCs followed by GC-mS was not suitable for marker discovery, in contrast to liquid extraction of metabolites from freeze-dried feces followed by GC-mS or LC-HRmS analysis. Therefore, the fecal metabolome from 12-day-old chicks having experienced a normal or delayed placement were recorded by GC-mS and LC-HRmS in two genotypes from two experiments. From both experiments, 25 and 35 metabolites, respectively explaining 81% and 45% of the difference between delayed and control chickens, were identified by orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis from LC-HRmS and GC-mS ***: The sets of molecules identified will be useful to better understand the chicks’ response to negative events over time and will contribute to define stress or welfare biomarkers.

关键词： Biomarker Chick Feces GC-mS LC-HRmS Negative postnatal event

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