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Nonlinear interference in crystal superlattices

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Light(Science & Applications) 2020年第1期9卷 1239-1245页

作者： anna v.Paterova Leonid A.Krivitsky Institute of Materials Research and Engineering(IMRE) Agency for Science Technology and Research(A*STAR)138634 SingaporeSingapore

Nonlinear interferometers with correlated photons hold promise to advance optical characterization and metrology techniques by improving their performance and *** interferometers offer subshot noise phase sensitivity and enable measurements in detection-challenging regions using inexpensive and efficient *** sensitivity of nonlinear interferometers,defined by the ability to measure small shifts of interference fringes,can be significantly enhanced by using multiple nonlinear elements,or crystal ***,to date,experiments with more than two nonlinear elements have not been realized,thus hindering the potential of nonlinear ***,we build a nonlinear interferometer with up to five nonlinear elements,referred to as superlattices,in a highly stable and versatile *** study the modification of the interference pattern for different configurations of the superlattices and perform a proof-of-concept gas sensing experiment with enhanced *** approach offers a viable path towards broader adoption of nonlinear interferometers with correlated photons for imaging,interferometry,and spectroscopy.

关键词： spectroscopy nonlinear Nonlinear

Reducing intrathecal pressure after traumatic spinal cord injury: a potential clinical target to promote tissue survival

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Neural Regeneration Research 2015年第3期10卷 380-382页

作者： anna v Leonard Robert vink School of Medical Sciences University of Adelaide Division of Health Sciences University of South Australia

Spinal cord injury （SCI） is an unexpected event that is both devastating and debilitating, resulting in not just motor and sensory loss, but also autonomic dysfunction of the bladder, bowel and sexual organs. Currently, there are no treatments available to improve outcome follow- ing SCI, leaving individuals with permanent and lifelong physical disability. Worldwide it is estimated that more than 500,000 people sustain a SCI each year, with average lifetime cost of paraplegia and quadriplegia estimated at $5 million and $9.5 million respectively. We therefore urgently need effective therapies to improve quality of life following SCI, and this requires a greater understanding of how cell and axonal injury develops after the traumatic event.

关键词： ITP TBI a potential clinical target to promote tissue survival Reducing intrathecal pressure after traumatic spinal cord injury SCI

Structural traits of woody plants and geomorphological conditions to the vegetation recovery at Ksudach caldera(Southern Kamchatka) since the explosive eruption in 1907

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第7期17卷 1613-1635页

作者： KOPANINA anna v LEBEDEvA Ekaterina v vLASOvA Inna I TALSKIKH Anastasia v Institute of Marine Geology and Geophysics Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesNauka street1 B693022Yuzhno-SakhalinskRussia Institute of Geography Russian Academy of SciencesStaromonetny s-str.29119017MoscowRussia

This study considers the restoration of the plant cover destroyed by a catastrophic volcano eruption in the south of Kamchatka Peninsula(the Ksudach caldera,Shtyubel cone),with a particular attention to the role of woody *** aims to qualitatively estimate(at a qualitative level)the rate of the primary succession development depending on the microrelief and the modern relief-forming *** vegetation recovery in the caldera after the Shtyubel cone eruption 109 years ago proceeds slowly and *** proceeds most slowly on a thick tephra mantle continuously disturbed by water and wind erosion,lahars,debris flows,landslides,*** conditions are most typical of the western part of the caldera dominated by pumice fields with occasional patches of pioneer herbs and dwarf *** tundra communities with gradually expanding patches of shrub alder develop in the southern,eastern and northeastern parts of the Ksudach *** 1997 the area of the shrub alder communities has increased by 1.9 times,while the alpine tundra–by 1.3 times *** woody plants(dwarf shrubs and prostrate shrubs)are of particular importance in the process of the vegetation recovery on pumice *** suggest that the bark thickness of woody plants is an integrated indicator,which may serve for estimating the state of ecosystem in the course of the primary succession development on juvenile *** extremely inhospitable environments cause changes in physiological processes in the plant body and in its bark in *** results show that woody plants have a"thin"bark and develop some structural-functional arrangements for keeping bark tissues at their ***,the woody plant structure and the rate of changes in plant communities are under control of the geomorphic conditions and primarily–of physicochemical features of the pyroclastic cover.

关键词： Ksudach caldera Pioneer species Woody plants Bark Pyroclastic deposits Geomorphological processes

Interactive effects of metal pollution and ocean acidification on physiology of marine organisms

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 653-668页

作者： anna v. Ivanina Inna M. Sokolova Department of Biological Sciences University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC 28223 USA

Changes in the global environment such as ocean acidification （OA） may interact with anthropogenic pollutants including trace metals threatening the integrity of marine ecosystems. We analyze recent studies on the interactive effects of OA and trace metals on marine organisms with a focus on the physiological basis of these interactions. Our analysis shows that the responses to elevated CO2 and metals are strongly dependent on the species, developmental stage, metal biochemistry and the degree of environmental hypercapnia, and cannot be directly predicted from the CO2-induced changes in metal solubility and speciation. The key physiological functions affected by both the OA and trace metal exposures involve acid-base regulation, pro- tein turnover and mitochondrial bioenergetics, reflecting the sensitivity of the underlying molecular and cellular pathways to CO2 and metals. Physiological interactions between elevated CO2 and metals may impact the organisms＇ capacity to maintain ac- id-base homeostasis and reduce the amount of energy available for fitness-related functions such as growth, development and re- production thereby affecting survival and performance of estuarine populations. Environmental hypercapnia may also affect the marine food webs by altering predator-prey interactions and the trophic transfer of metals in the food chain. However, our under- standing of the degree to which these effects can impact the function and integrity of marine ecosystems is limited due the scar- city of the published research and its bias towards certain taxonomic groups. Future research priorities should include studies of metal x Pco2 interactions focusing on critical physiological functions （including acid-base, protein and energy homeostasis） in a greater range of ecologically and economically important marine species, as well as including the field populations naturally ex- posed （and potentially adapted） to different levels of metals and CO2 in their environments [Curre

关键词： CO2 Trace metals Metal accumulation Acid-base homeostasis Bioenergetics Estuaries

The role of mRNA splicing in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第4期16卷 515-521页

作者： anna v Lapuk Stanislav v volik Yuzhuo Wang Colin C Collins vancouver Prostate CentreUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada. Department of Experimental Therapeutics BC Cancer AgencyUniversity of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada. Department of Urologic Sciences University of British Columbia Vancouver BC Canada.

Alternative splicing （AS） is a crucial step in gene expression. It is subject to intricate regulation, and its deregulation in cancer can lead to a wide array of neoplastic phenotypes. A large body of evidence implicates splice isoforms in most if not all hallmarks of cancer, including growth, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis, angiogenesis, and metabolism. AS has important clinical implications since it can be manipulated therapeutically to treat cancer and represents a mechanism of resistance to therapy. In prostate cancer （PCa） AS also plays a prominent role and this review will summarize the current knowledge of alternatively spliced genes with important functional consequences. We will highlight accumulating evidence on AS of the components of the two critical pathways in PCa： androgen receptor （AR） and phosphoinositide 3-kinase （PI3K）. These observations together with data on dysregulation of splice factors in PCa suggest that AR and PI3K pathways may be interconnected with previously unappreciated splicing regulatory networks. In addition, we will discuss several lines of evidence implicating splicing regulation in the development of the castration resistance.

关键词： alternative splicing prostate cancer androgen receptor PI3K pathway CRPC neuroendocrine transdifferentiation REST repressor complex

Deep Forest as a framework for a new class of machine-learning models

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National Science Review 2019年第2期6卷 186-187页

作者： Lev v.Utkin anna A.Meldo Andrei v.Konstantinov Laboratory of Neural Network Technology and Artificial Intelligence Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University

A new deep learning framework—the socalled Deep Forest (DF), proposed by Zhi-Hua Zhou and Ji Feng [1,2]—can be regarded as one of the important events of 2017 in machine learning, although it was unjustly unnoticed by a large number of researchers. The DF combines several ensemble-based methods, including Random Forests (RFs) and Stacking, into a structure that is similar to a multi-layer neural network, but each layer in the DF

关键词： Deep Forest as a framework for a new class of machine-learning models

Root structure syndromes of four families of monocots in the Middle Urals

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Plant Diversity 2023年第6期45卷 722-731页

作者： anna A.Betekhtina Daria E.Tukova Denis v.veselkin Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N.Yeltsin 19 Mira StreetEkaterinburg 620002Russia Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology8 Marta StreetEkaterinburg 620144Russia

The present article tests the following general assumption:plant taxa with different specializations towards mycorrhizal interactions should have different root *** of 61 species common in boreal zone were studied:16 species of Poaceae,24 species of Cyperaceae,14 species of Orchidaceae,and 7 species of *** a fixed material of 5 individuals of each species,the following was determined:number of orders of branching roots;transverse dimensions of root,stele and cortex;number of primary xylem vessels and exodermis layers;length of root hairs;abundance of *** of each family had well-defined *** of Orchidaceae and Iridaceae were thick with a large stele and developed *** had no branching roots and had long root *** Iridaceae,roots were branched,and root hairs were *** of Poaceae and Cyperaceae were thin with a relatively thin *** hairs were short in Poaceae and long in *** finding that root syndromes of four families of monocots differed is a new and unexpected *** high specificity of root syndromes in Cyperaceae,Iridaceae,Poaceae,and Orchidaceae indicates that species of these families use different strategies to obtain water and soil nutrients.

关键词： Monocots Poaceae Cyperaceae Orchidaceae Iridaceae Syndromes of roots structure

Gender identification using acoustic analysis in birds without external sexual dimorphism

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Chinese Birds 2015年第4期6卷 198-213页

作者： Ilya A.volodin Elena v.volodina anna v.Klenova vera A.Matrosova Department of vertebrate Zoology Faculty of BiologyLomonosov Moscow State University Scientific Research Department Moscow Zoo Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology RAS

Zoo and wildlife management faces a problem with bird sexing,as many bird taxa have indiscernible gender differences in size and *** groups are geese,cranes,rails,raptors,owls,parrots,doves,auks,shearwaters and some *** accepted invasive sexing techniques based on genetics,laparoscopy,morphometric and on cloacal inspection,are all needed in bird capturing and *** and subsequent manipulations may be inapplicable for free-ranging birds,whereas distant voice-based sexing is relevant for many *** review evaluates the potential for noninvasive sexing by separate calls or duet calls,for adult birds of 69 species from 16 orders and for chicks of 11 species from 7 *** adult birds of 25 species,a single call per individual was sufficient for 100 % reliable sexing by ear or using spectrographic *** chicks,the potential for voice-based sexing seems to be very *** birds calling rarely or unpredictably,we propose a simple way of provoking vocalization using playbacks of species-specific calls that are available from sound *** conclude that sexing by voice may represent a feasible alternative to the classical sexing techniques,both in the wild and in captivity.

关键词： vocalization Monomorphic birds Call-based sexing Sexing by sound

Amur tiger conservation education program:A pilot study on program effectiveness

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Integrative Zoology 2015年第4期10卷 403-407页

作者： anna S.MUKHACHEvA vasilissa v.DERUGINA Galina D.MAKSIMOvA Svetlana v.SOUTYRINA Sikhote-Alin Biosphere Zapovednik Primorskii KraiTerneiRussia Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA Youth Creative Arts Center of Ternei Uragus Ecological ClubTerneiPrimorskii KraiRussia

Anthropogenic impacts are the primary threats to Amur tigers(Panthera tigris altaica)and their *** living in proximity to tigers tend to view them negatively and,often,as a source of revenue on black *** aim to reduce human–tiger conflict by working with young students of Ternei County in the heart of tiger habitat in Primorskii Krai(Province).To inform and influence Ternei County’s future decision-makers,we developed“Safe Conduct”,a year-long education program held in 6 villages,culminating in a multi-school *** tested the efficacy of Safe Conduct as a potential model for tiger conservation educational *** measured levels of student knowledge about tiger ecology,their attitude towards tigers,and their willingness to engage in tiger conservation activites prior to,immediately after and 6 months following the completion of our *** supported the fundamental premise of Safe Conduct that knowledge and attitude towards tigers are *** of tiger ecology and attitude towards tigers increased by the project’s completion;both remained high after 6 ***,commitment to participation in conservation efforts rose temporarily post-program and then *** varied by *** recommend that the reasons for the high performance measures of students in 2 villages be investigated,and that lessons learned be applied to villages that *** Conduct represents a potential model for environmental education programs in Ternei County and elsewhere to educate future generations,to eventually develop a strong commitment to Amur tiger conservation at the community level.

关键词： Amur tiger behavior change conservation children education programs