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Low prevalence of epilepsy and onchocerciasis after more than 20 years of ivermectin treatment in the imo River Basin in Nigeria

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infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第1期8卷 36-44页

作者： Joseph N.F.Siewe Chinyere N.Ukaga Ernest O.Nwazor Murphy O.Nwoke Modebelu C.Nwokeji Blessing C.Onuoha Simon O.Nwanjor Joel Okeke Kate Osahor Lilian Chimechefulam ann i.ogomaka Augustine A.Amaechi Chika i.Ezenwa Monika N.Ezike Chidimma i.kpeama Ogechi Nwachukwu Austine i.Eriama-Joseph Berthram E.B.Nwoke Robert Colebunders Global Health institute University of AntwerpCam pus Drie EikenDoornstraat 3312610 WilrijkAntwerpBelgium imo State University OwerriNigeria Federal Medical Centre OwerriNigeria Madonna University Teaching Hospital EleleNigeria imo State Ministry of Health OwerriNigeria

Background:High epilepsy prevalence and incidence have been reported in areas with high onchocerciasis *** findings suggest that proper community-directed treatment with ivermectin(CDTi)is potentially able to prevent onchocerciasis-associated epilepsy(OAE).We assessed the epilepsy prevalence and onchocerciasis transmission in two Nigerian villages following more than 20 years of ***:A cross-sectional door-to-door survey was performed in two villages in the imo River Basin reported to be mesoendomic for onchocerciasis(Umuoparaodu and Umuezeala).individuals were screened for epilepsy using a validated 5-item *** suspected to have epilepsy were examined by a neurologist or a physician with training in epilepsy for *** was investigated via skin snip microscopy and rapid diagnostic tests for Ov16 *** were compared with previous findings from the imo river ***:A total of 843 individuals from 257 households in the two villages were *** detected four persons with epilepsy(PWE)giving a crude epilepsy prevalence of 0.5%.This finding differs from observations reported 14 years ago which showed an epilepsy prevalence of 2.8%in the neighbouring village of Umulolo(P=0.0001),and 1.2%from 13 villages in the imo river basin(P=0.07).The seroprevalence of Ov16 antibodies was found to be 0%.Only 4.6%of skin snips were positive compared to 26.8%in previous surveys(Pivermectin mass distribution coverage in the study sites in 2017 was 79.7%.Conclusions:A low epilepsy and onchocerciasis prevalence was observed following more than 20 years of CDTi in the imo River *** of Ov16 antibodies indicates minimal transmission of *** results contrast with observations from areas of high onchocerciasis transmission,where epilepsy prevalence and incidence remain *** from this study suggest that sustained efforts could eventually achieve elimination of onch

关键词： Epilepsy Onchocerciasis Nigeria ivermectin Ov16

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Multisensory mechanisms of gait and balance in Parkinson’s disease:an integrative review

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 82-92页

作者： Stiven Roytman Rebecca Paalanen Giulia Carli Uros Marusic Prabesh Kanel Teus van Laar Nico i.Bohnen Department of Radiology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Morris K.Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson’s Disease Research University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA institute for Kinesiology Research Science and Research Centre KoperKoperSlovenia Department of Health Sciences Alma Mater Europaea–ECMMariborSlovenia Parkinson’s Foundation Research Center of Excellence University of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA Department of Neurology University of GroningenUniversity Medical Center GroningenGroningenThe Netherlands Neurology Service and GRECC VA Ann Arbor Healthcare SystemAnn ArborMIUSA

Understanding the neural underpinning of human gait and balance is one of the most pertinent challenges for 21st-century translational neuroscience due to the profound impact that falls and mobility disturbances have on our aging *** and gait control does not happen automatically,as previously believed,but rather requires continuous involvement of central nervous *** effectively exert control over the body,the brain must integrate multiple streams of sensory information,including visual,vestibular,and somatosensory *** mechanisms which underpin the integration of these multisensory signals are the principal topic of the present *** multisensory integration theories focus on how failure of cognitive processes thought to be involved in multisensory integration leads to falls in older *** emphasis,however,has been placed on specific contributions of individual sensory modalities to multisensory integration processes and cross-modal interactions that occur between the sensory modalities in relation to gait and *** the present work,we review the contributions of somatosensory,visual,and vestibular modalities,along with their multisensory intersections to gait and balance in older adults and patients with Parkinson’s *** also review evidence of vestibular contributions to multisensory temporal binding windows,previously shown to be highly pertinent to fall risk in older ***,we relate multisensory vestibular mechanisms to potential neural substrates,both at the level of neurobiology(concerning positron emission tomography imaging)and at the level of electrophysiology(concerning electroencephalography).We hope that this integrative review,drawing influence across multiple subdisciplines of neuroscience,paves the way for novel research directions and therapeutic neuromodulatory approaches,to improve the lives of older adults and patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

关键词： aging balance encephalography functional magnetic resonance imaging gait multisensory integration Parkinson’s disease positron emission tomography somatosensory vestibular visual

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Holistic Acupuncture approach to idiopathic refractory nausea,abdominal pain and bloating

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第40期13卷 5360-5366页

作者： ann Ouyang Division of Gastroenterology Hepatology Department of MedicineThe Milton S.Hershey Medical CenterCollege of MedicinePennsylvania State UniversityHersheyPA 17033United States

AiM： To evaluate the effectiveness of a holistic acupuncture approach on nausea, pain, bloating and electrogastrogram （EGG） parameters in patients with intractable symptoms.METHODS： Twelve patients with no or mild nausea （those without nausea had bloating or pain） and 10 with a histool of moderate to severe nausea were referred for acupuncture. All underwent an EGG and were treated at acupuncture points PC6, SP4 and DU20. Visual analog scales （VAS） assessing severity of nausea, pain and bloating were obtained before and after acupuncture treatment. Nineteen patients received three and three patients received two treatments.RESULTS： VAS scores for nausea reflected the clinical assessment and differed significantly between mild and moderate/severe nausea groups. Acupuncture significantly improved severity of nausea in both groups with improved pre-treatment nausea between the first and third treatments in the moderate/severe nausea group. Pain scores improved with acupuncture in the mild nausea group only and bloating improved only with the first treatment in this group. Patients with bloating with VAS scores greater than 35 pre-treatment improved with acupuncture and over all VAS scores for pain improved with treatment. Acupuncture increased the power in the 2.7 to 3.5 cpm range in the EGG.CONCLUSiON： in this uncontrolled clinical study, a holistic acupuncture approach significantly improved nausea in patients with refractory symptoms and increased the power in the 2,7-3,5 cpm component of the electrogastrogram, Bloating and pain VAS scores improved acutely with treatment, This study suggests that acupuncture may be effective in this refractory group of patients and further study using appropriate controls is warranted,

关键词： Acupuncture Functional bowel disorder nausea Pain Holistic medicine

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Targeting sepsis through inflammation and oxidative metabolism

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2025年第1期14卷 69-81页

作者： Salena Jacob Sanjana ann Jacob Joby Thoppil Halmos College of Arts and Sciences Nova Southeastern UniversityFort LauderdaleFL 33328United States Dell School of Medicine University of Texas at Austin Medical SchoolAustinTX 78712United States Emergency Medicine UT Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75390United States

infection is a public health problem and represents a spectrum of disease that can result in sepsis and septic *** is characterized by a dysregulated immune response to *** shock is the most severe form of sepsis which leads to distributive shock and high mortality *** have been significant advances in sepsis management mainly focusing on early identification and ***,complicating matters is the lack of reliable diagnostic tools and the poor specificity and sensitivity of existing scoring tools i.e.,systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria,sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA),or quick *** limitations have underscored the modest progress in reducing sepsis-related *** review will focus on novel therapeutics such as oxidative stress targets,cytokine modulation,endothelial cell modulation,etc.,that are being conceptualized for the management of sepsis and septic shock.

关键词： Sepsis inflammation Oxidative Metabolism infection Reactive oxygen species

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HFE gene in primary and secondary hepatic iron overload

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第35期13卷 4673-4689页

作者： Giada Sebastiani ann P Walker Venetian institute of Molecular Medicine(ViMM) Padova and Digestive DiseasesHepatology and Clinical Nutrition DepartmentUmberto I HospitalVeniceItaly Department of Medicine University College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom

Distinct from hereditary haemochromatosis, hepatic iron overload is a common finding in several chronic liver diseases. Many studies have investigated the prevalence, distribution and possible contributory role of excess hepatic iron in non-haemochromatotic chronic liver diseases. indeed, some authors have proposed iron removal in liver diseases other than hereditary haemochromatosis. However, the pathogenesis of secondary iron overload remains unclear. The High Fe （HFE） gene has been implicated, but the reported data are controversial. in this article, we summarise current concepts regarding the cellular role of the HFE protein in iron homeostasis. We review the current status of the literature regarding the prevalence, hepatic distribution and possible therapeutic implications of iron overload in chronic hepatitis C, hepatitis B, alcoholic and non- alcoholic fatty liver diseases and porphyria cutanea tarda. We discuss the evidence regarding the role of HFE gene mutations in these liver diseases. Finally, we summarize the common and specific features of iron overload in liver diseases other than haemochromatosis.

关键词： Hereditary haemochromatosis Chronic liverdiseases, Chronic hepatitis C Hepatic iron overload HFE gene

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influence of staff number and internal constellation on surgical site infection in an operating room

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Particuology 2014年第2期12卷 42-51页

作者： Sasan Sadrizadeh ann Tammelin Peter Ekolind Sture Holmberg Division of Fluid and Climate Technology School of Architecture ang the Built EnvironmentKTH Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden Department of Medicine Solna(MedS)Unit of Infectious DiseasesKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden CEO Avidicare ABLundSweden

Prediction of bacteria-carrying particle （BCP） dispersion and particle distribution released from staffmem- bers in an operating room （OR） is very important for creating and sustaining a safe indoor environment. Postoperative wound infections cause significant morbidity and mortality, and contribute to increased hospitalization time. increasing the number of personnel within the OR disrupts the ventilation airflow pattern and causes enhanced contamination risk in the area of an open wound. Whether the amount of staffwithin the OR influences the BCP distribution in the surgical zone has rarely been investigated. This study was conducted to explore the influence of the number of personnel in the OR on the airflow field and the BCP distribution. This was performed by applying a numerical calculation to map the airflow field and Lagrangian particle tracking （LPT） for the BCP phase. The results are reported both for active sampling and passive monitoring approaches. Not surprisingly, a growing trend in the BCP concentration （cfu/ms） was observed as the amount of staff in the OR increased. Passive sampling shows unpredictable results due to the sedimentation rate, especially for small particles （5-10 i^m）. Risk factors for surgical site infections （SSls） must be well understood to develop more effective prevention programs.

关键词： Air quality Surgical site infection Airborne particle control Hospital operating room Ventilation system

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Homing and migration of mesenchymal stromal cells: How to improve the efficacy of cell therapy?

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2016年第3期8卷 73-87页

作者： ann De Becker ivan Van Riet Department Clinical HematologyStem Cell Laboratory Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)

Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs) are currently being investigated for use in a wide variety of clinical applications. For most of these applications, systemic delivery of the cells is preferred. However, this requires the homing and migration of MSCs to a target tissue. Although MSC hominghas been described, this process does not appear to be highly efficacious because only a few cells reach the target tissue and remain there after systemic administration. This has been ascribed to low expression levels of homing molecules, the loss of expression of such molecules during expansion, and the heterogeneity of MSCs in cultures and MSC culture protocols. To overcome these limitations, different methods to improve the homing capacity of MSCs have been examined. Here, we review the current understanding of MSC homing, with a particular focus on homing to bone marrow. in addition, we summarize the strategies that have been developed to improve this process. A better understanding of MSC biology, MSC migration and homing mechanisms will allow us to prepare MSCs with optimal homing capacities. The efficacy of therapeutic applications is dependent on efficient delivery of the cells and can, therefore, only benefit from better insights into the homing mechanisms.

关键词： Mesenchymal stromal cells Homing Bone marrow Homing receptors Extravasation

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Functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome,are they different entities and does it matter?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第17期12卷 2708-2712页

作者： Kok-ann Gwee Andrew Seng Boon Chua Stomach Liver & Bowel Clinic Gleneagles Hospital Singaporeand the Department of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore ipoh Gastro Centre 31 Lebuh Raya Taman ipoh Ipoh Garden South31400 IpohPerakMalaysia

A high prevalence of overlap between functional dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome has been consistently and universally reported. Recent studies demonstrating shared common pathophysiological disturbances including delayed gastric emptying and visceral hypersensitivity involving more than one region, suggest that these patients have a generalised rather than regional, disorder of the gut. Furthermore, a study of the natural history of dyspepsia suggests that with time, a substantial proportion will evolve into iBS. The recognition of iBS in dyspeptic patients has potentially profound therapeutic importance. it could help to reduce the risk of unnecessary cholecystectomy in iBS patients. The ability to appreciate the extent of involvement could allow us to address the disturbances more comprehensively, and thereby achieve greater patient satisfaction with their treatment.

关键词： Functional dyspepsia irritable bowel syndrome Common pathophysiology Asian Epidemiology

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Mechanisms involved in Helicobacter pylori induced duodenal ulcer disease:an overview

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第5期6卷 619-623页

作者： Lars Olbe Lars Fndriks annika Hamlet ann-Mari Svennerholm ann-Catrin Thoreson Centre for Gastroenterological Research University of GteborgSweden

Duodenal ulcer (DU) can be developed viaseveral different *** ofgastric acid is,however,a common *** hypersecretion of acid can by itself evoke aDU,*** the Zollinger-Ellison *** of the mechanism behind thedevelopment ... 详细信息

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter infection gastric acid gastric mucosa duodenal ulcer bicarbonates gastric metaplasia

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Surgical perspectives in gastrointestinal disease: A study of quality of life outcomes in esophageal, pancreatic, colon, and rectal cancers

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第20期12卷 3213-3218页

作者： Kate V Viola Charlotte Ariyan Julie ann Sosa Department of Surgery Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520-8062United States MD Department of Surgery Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520-8062United States MD FACS

Outcomes assessment in surgery traditionally has included data regarding peri-operative mortality and morbidity, as well as long-term survival and recurrence in surgical oncology. However, quality of life （QOL） is another important patient-related outcome measure. QOL data can be used to tailor treatment and improve clinical outcomes by detecting physical or psychological problems in patients that otherwise might be overlooked, but which have profound implications for the effective delivery of care. We review several well-validated QOL instruments developed specifically for use in patients with gastrointestinal malignancies, including esophageal, pancreatic and colorectal cancers, and conclude that QOL assessment routinely should be included in clinical trials of novel treatments.

关键词： Gastrointestinal malignancy Quality of life Patient-related outcomes

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