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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第12期4卷 111-125页

作者： anja Gerhardts Dirk Bockmühl Andrea Kyas anja hofmann Mirko Weide Ingrid Rapp Dirk Höfer William-Kü ster-Institut for Hygiene Environment & Medicine Hohenstein Institute for Textilinnovation gGmbH Boen-nigheim Germany Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences Hygiene and Microbiology Kleve Germany Henkel AG & Co. KGaA Corporate Scientific Services Duesseldorf Germany Labor Dr. Merk & Kollegen GmbH Ochsenhausen Germany Henkel AG & Co. KGaA International R&D Laundry & Home Care Duesseldorf Germany

Viral infections like Herpes simplex increasingly pose a serious threat to European health care systems and welfare of the population. Indirect transmission routes of infections via inanimate surfaces are often underestimated. In this study, we investigated the adhesion and persistence of Herpes simplex virus on cotton fabrics as well as its inactivation by domestic laundry. Virus adhesion to textile fibers was distinct, because viral DNA was detectable on fabrics for at least 48 hours after contamination as well as after home laundry. Particles remained infectious for several hours at room temperature and partially for 48 hours at 2℃ - 8℃. Nevertheless, domestic laundry was able to inactivate virus particles given that detergents were adequately used. This confirmed that standard household laundry processes, as established in Europe, are a suitable tool to reduce infectious Herpes virus particles from textiles, thereby supporting the prevention of infections circulating in the household and community.

关键词： Home Laundry Herpes Simplex Disinfectant Laundry Processes Inactivation of Viruses

Application of Electron Beam Surface Technologies in the Automotive Industry

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 573-578页

作者： Rolf Zenker anja Buchwalder TU Bergakademie Freiberg /Zenker Consult Mittweida GermanyTU Bergakademie Freiberg Germany

Progress in the beam deflection technique opens up new possibilities for the application of electron beam (EB) surface and welding technologies in the automotive industry. This development is based on three-dimensional high-speed beam deflection and fully automatic online process control. So, in the EB surface treatment three-dimensional energy transfer fields can be realised which take into account the contour of a component, the conditions of heat conduction and the load conditions. High flexibility, precision and reproducibility are typical characteristics. High productivity is achieved by the simultaneous interaction of the EB in several processing areas or by carrying out several processes simultaneously. EB surface treatment is becoming more and more attractive and important especially in the automotive industry, and also in comparison to laser technologies. This paper deals with different EB surface technologies, for example hardening, remelting, surface alloying, dispersing or cladding of different materials such as steel, cast iron and different alloys of Al, Mg and Ti. Examples of applications in the automotive industry, especially engine components, will be discussed.

关键词：电子注铸铁 3D射束偏移表面热处理

Quantitative Absolute Continuity of Harmonic Measure and the Dirichlet Problem: A Survey of Recent Progress

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2019年第6期35卷 1011-1026页

作者： Steve hofmann Department of Mathematics University of Missouri

It is a well-known folklore result that quantitative, scale invariant absolute continuity(more precisely, the weak-A∞ property) of harmonic measure with respect to surface measure, on the boundary of an open set Ω ? R^(n+1) with Ahlfors–David regular boundary, is equivalent to the solvability of the Dirichlet problem in Ω, with data in L^p (?Ω) for some p < ∞. Drawing an analogy to the famous Wiener criterion, which characterizes the domains in which the classical Dirichlet problem, with continuous boundary data, can be solved, one may seek to characterize the open sets for which L^psolvability holds, thus allowing for singular boundary *** has been known for some time that absolute continuity of harmonic measure is closely tied to rectifiability properties of ?Ω, but also that rectifiability alone is not sufficient to guarantee absolute continuity. In this note, we survey recent progress in this area, culminating in a geometric characterization of the weak-A∞ property, and hence of solvability of the L^p Dirichlet problem for some finite p. This characterization, obtained under rather optimal background hypotheses, follows from a combination of the present author's joint work with Martell, and the work of Azzam, Mourgoglou and Tolsa.

关键词： Harmonic measure Poisson kernel uniform rectifiability weak local John condition big pieces of chord-arc domains Carleson measures

Insights into manganese transport: A matter of phosphorylation

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Molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 385-387页

作者： anja Schneider Plant Science Faculty of BiologyLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunichGermany

Manganese(Mn)is an essential element required for the growth of all known living *** plants acquire Mn from the rhizosphere,and its translocation into,and distribution within,the plant involves a multitude of transporters(Alejandro et al.,2020).In the aerial part of the green plant,the most prominent reaction that depends on Mn is the water-splitting reaction of photosystem II,which employs a tetra-Mn cluster located in the thylakoid lumen of ***,no less important reactions take place in mitochondria,where a Mn superoxide dismutase acts as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species,and in the Golgi apparatus,where Mn-dependent glycosyltransferases are involved in cell wall biosynthesis.

关键词： manganese apparatus splitting

Review of accelerator driven heavy ion nuclear fusion

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2018年第1期3卷 1-11页

作者： Ingo hofmann GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH Planckstr64291 DarmstadtGermany

Using high energy accelerators for energy production by nuclear fission goes back to the 1950's with plans for“breeder accelerators”as well as with early ideas on subcritical reactors,which are currently pursued in China and other ***,fusion came in,when the idea emerged in the mid 1970's to use accelerators and their highly time and space compressed beams in order to generate the extremely high density and temperatures required for inertial fusion energy *** to the higher repetition rates and efficiencies of accelerators,this was seen as a promising alternative to using high power *** an introduction to nuclear fission applications of accelerators,this review summarizes some of the scientific developments directed towards this challenging application e with focus on the European HIDIF-study-and outlines parameters of future high energy density experiments after construction of the FAIR/Germany and HIAF/China heavy ion accelerator projects.

关键词： repetition accelerator heavy

Pathology-induced NG2 proteoglycan expression in microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 801-802页

作者： Erika Meyer anja Scheller Molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular MedicineUniversity of SaarlandHomburgGermany(Meyer EScheller A)Laboratory of Brain Ischemia and NeuroprotectionDepartment of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsState University of MaringáMaringáBrazil

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)and microglia are two very fascinating cell types with a multitude of important but different *** a first glance,they appear not to share many cellular properties,nor are directly related to one another or derived from a common *** all differences,emerging data show that both cell types express the protein nerve/glial antigen 2(NG2)after pathological insults(Figure 1).For years,it remained controversial whether microglia really could express NG2 upon injury,with contradictory results reported among different disease *** this question,we could recently show by using triple transgenic knock-in mice and either an acute injury model(stab wound injury)or the middle cerebral artery occlusion combined with immunohistochemistry that a subset of microglia activates the cspg4 gene in a disease dependent manner leading to a bonafide microglia-specific NG2 protein expression besides OPCs and *** data show that the cspg4 gene not only gets transcribed in microglia based on reporter expression after recombination,but also the protein itself is expressed(Huang et al.,2020).

关键词： NG2 wound Figure

Influence of water evaporation on elastohydrodynamic lubrication with water-containing polyalkylene glycols

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Friction 2024年第10期12卷 2370-2388页

作者： Stefan hofmann Thomas LOHNER Karsten STAHL Technical University of Munich School of Engineering and DesignDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringGear Research Center(FZG)Boltzmannstraße 1585748 Garching near MunichGermany

The reduction of frictional power losses in power transmitting gears takes a crucial role in the design of energy-and resource-efficient ***-containing lubricants like glycerol and polyalkylene glycols have shown great potential in achieving friction within the superlubricity regime with coefficients of friction lower than 0.01 under elastohydrodynamic ***,a bio-based production of the base stocks can lead to the development of green ***,one challenge associated with the application of water-containing lubricants to gearboxes is the evaporation of water and its impact on the lubricant *** this study,the influence of water evaporation on elastohydrodynamic friction and film thickness was investigated for three water-containing polyalkylene *** nominal water contents of 20 wt%and 40 wt%and two viscosities were *** results show that the friction increases continuously with higher evaporated water content,while the overall friction level remains low in nearly water-free states.A similar trend is observed for film thickness,where the strong increase in viscosity results in a notable increase in film ***,the sensitivity of friction and film thickness to water evaporation is low for small amounts of evaporated *** allows generous thresholds for permissible variations in water content.

关键词： friction superlubricity aqueous lubrication elastohydrodynamic lubrication(EHL) evaporation polyalkylene glycol

Single-mode and tunable VCSELs in the near-to mid-infrared Invited Paper

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Chinese Optics Letters 2008年第10期6卷 743-747页

作者： Markus-Christian Amann Werner hofmann Walter Schottky Institut Technische Universitt MnchenD-85748 GarchingGermany

Single-mode, long-wavelength vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers （VCSELs） in the near- to mid-infrared covering the wavelength range from 1.3 to 2.3 μm are presented. This wide spectral emission range opens applications in gas sensing and optical interconnects. All these lasers are monolithically grown in the InGaAlAs-InP material system utilizing a buried tunnel junction （BTJ） as current aperture. Fabricated with a novel high-speed design with reduced parasitics, bandwidths in excess of 10 GHz at 1.3 and 1.55 μm have been achieved. Therefore, the coarse wavelength division multiplexing （CWDM） wavelength range of 1.3 to 1.6 μm at 10 Gb/s can be accomplished with one technology. Error-free data-transmission at 10 Gb/s over a fiber link of 20 km is demonstrated. One-dimensional arrays have been fabricated with emission wavelengths addressable by current tuning. Micro-electro-mechanical system （MEMS） tunable devices provide an extended tuning range in excess of 50 nm with high spectral purity. All these devices feature continuous-wave （CW） operation with typical single-mode output powers exceeding 1 mW. The operation voltage is around 1 - 1.5 V and power consumption is as low as 10 - 20 mW. Furthermore, we have also developed VCSELs based on GaSb, targeting functionality of tunable diode laser spectroscopy （TDLS） applying a 1.84-μm VCSEL. at the wavelength range from 2.3 to 3.0 μm. The systems is shown by presenting a laser hygrometer

关键词： mode VCSEL Single-mode and tunable VCSELs in the near-to mid-infrared Invited Paper

Progenies of NG2 glia: what do we learn from transgenic mouse models ?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 43-48页

作者： Qilin Guo anja Scheller Wenhui Huang Molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine(CIPMM)University of SaarlandHomburgGermany

In the mammalian central nervous system,nerve-glia antigen 2(NG2)glia are considered the fourth glial population in addition to astrocytes,oligodendrocytes and *** fate of NG2 glia in vivo has been carefully studied in several transgenic mouse models using the Cre/loxP *** is a clear agreement that NG2 glia mainly serve as progenitors for oligodendrocytes and a subpopulation of astrocytes mainly in the ventral forebrain,whereas the existence of a neurogenic potential of NG2 glia is lack of adequate *** mini review summarizes the findings from recent studies regarding the fate of NG2 glia during *** will highlight the age-and-region-dependent heterogeneity of the NG2 glia differentiation *** will also discuss putative reasons for inconsistent findings in various transgenic mouse lines of previous studies.

关键词： astrogliogenesis cell fate Cre/loxP system development differentiation embryonic brain neurogenesis NG2 glia oligodendrocyte lineage oligodendrocyte precursor cells

Oligodendroglial GABAergic Signaling:More Than Inhibition!

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第7期37卷 1039-1050页

作者： Xianshu Bai Frank Kirchhoff anja Scheller Molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine(CIPMM)University of Saarland66421 HomburgGermany

GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS acting at two distinct types of receptor:ligand-gated ionotropic GABAA receptors and G protein-coupled metabotropic GABAB receptors,thus mediating fast and slow inhibition of excitability at central *** signal transmission has been intensively studied in neurons in contrast to oligodendrocytes and their precursors(OPCs),although the latter express both types of GABA *** studies focusing on interneuron myelination and interneuron-OPC synapses have shed light on the importance of GABA signaling in the oligodendrocyte *** this review,we start with a short summary on GABA itself and neuronal GABAergic ***,we elaborate on the physiological role of GABA receptors within the oligodendrocyte lineage and conclude with a description of these receptors as putative targets in treatments of CNS diseases.

关键词： GABA GABAA receptor GABAB receptor OPC Oligodendrocyte lineage