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High non-photochemical quenching of VPZ transgenic potato plants limits CO_(2) assimilation under high light conditions and reduces tuber yield under fluctuating light

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2022年第9期64卷 1821-1832页

作者： Günter G.Lehretz anja schneider Dario Leister Uwe Sonnewald Department of Biology Division of BiochemistryFriedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-NürnbergStaudtstrasse 5Erlangen91058 Germany Plant Molecular Biology Faculty of BiologyLudwig Maximilians University of MunichGroßhaderner Str.2-482152 Planegg-MartinsriedMunichGermany

Under natural conditions,photosynthesis has to be adjusted to fluctuating light *** exposed to high light dissipate excess light energy in form of heat at photosystem II(PSII)by a process called non-photochemical quenching(NPQ).Upon fast transition from light to shade,plants lose light energy by a relatively slow relaxation from *** overexpression of violaxanthin de-epoxidase(VDE),PSII subunit S(PsbS)and zeaxanthin epoxidase(ZEP)in tobacco accelerates relaxation from photoprotection,and increases photosynthetic *** Arabidopsis,expression of the same three genes(VPZ)resulted in a more rapid photoprotection but growth of the transgenic plants was *** we report on VPZ expressing potato plants grown under various light *** to tobacco and Arabidopsis,induction and relaxation of NPQ was accelerated under all growth conditions tested,but did not cause an overall increased photosynthetic rate or growth of transgenic *** yield of VPZ expressing plants was unaltered as compared to control plants under constant light conditions and even decreased under fluctuating light *** control conditions,levels of the phytohormone abscisic acid(ABA)were found to be elevated,indicating an increased violaxanthin availability in VPZ ***,the increased basal ABA levels did not improve drought tolerance of VPZ transgenic potato plants under greenhouse *** failure to benefit from improved photoprotection is most likely caused by a reduced radiation use efficiency under high light conditions resulting from a too strong NPQ *** this negative effect in the future might help to improve photosynthetic performance in VPZ expressing potato plants.

关键词： drought photosynthesis potato non-photochemical quenching xanthophyll cycle

The Plastid Envelope CHLOROPLAST MANGANESE TRANSPORTER1 Is Essential for Manganese Homeostasis in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2018年第7期11卷 955-969页

作者： Marion Eisenhut Natalie Hoecker Sidsel Birkelund Schmidt Rubek Merina Basgaran Samantha Flachbart Peter Jahns Tabea Eser Stefan Geimer Seren Husted Andreas P.M. Weber Dario Leister anja schneider Biochemie der Pflanzen Cluster of Excellence on Plant Science (CEPLAS) Heinrich-Heine-University Di3sseldorf 40225 Desseldorf Germany Molekularbiologie der Pflanzen (Botanik) Department Biologie I Ludwig-Maximilians-University Mernchen 82152 Martinsried Germany Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences and Copenhagen Plant Science Centre (CPSC) Faculty of Science University of Copenhagen 1871 Frederiksberg Denmark Zellbiologie/Elektronenmikroskopie NW I/B1 Universit&t Bayreuth 95447 Bayreuth Germany These authors contributed equally to this article.

The transition metal manganese （Mn） is indispensable for photoautotrophic growth since photosystem II （PSII） employs an inorganic Mn4CaOs cluster for water splitting. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis membrane protein CHLOROPLAST MANGANESE TRANSPORTER1 （CMT1） is involved in chloroplast Mn homeostasis. CMT1 is the closest homolog of the previously characterized thylakoid Mn transporter PHOTOSYNTHESIS-AFFECTED MUTANT71 （PAM71）. In contrast to PAM71, CMT1 resides at the chloro- plast envelope and is ubiquitously expressed. Nonetheless, like PAM71, the expression of CMT1 can also alleviate the Mn-sensitive phenotype of yeast mutant qomrl. The cmtl mutant is severely suppressed in growth, chloroplast ultrastructure, and PSII activity owing to a decrease in the amounts of pigments and thylakoid membrane proteins. The importance of CMT1 for chloroplast Mn homeostasis is demonstratedby the significant reduction in chloroplast Mn concentrations in cmtl-1, which exhibited reduced Mn binding in PSII complexes. Moreover, CMT1 expression is downregulated in Mn-surplus conditions. The pam71 cmtl-ldouble mutant resembles the cmtl-f single mutant rather than pare71 in most respects. Taken together, our results suggest that CMT1 mediates Mn2 uptake into the chloroplast stroma, and that CMT1 and PAM71 function sequentially in Mn delivery to PSII across the chloroplast envelope and the thylakoid membrane.

关键词： manganese transporter envelope chloroplast photosynthesis Arabidopsis

Proton pump inhibitors and all-cause mortality risk among cancer patients

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2025年第1期16卷 34-42页

作者： Arunkumar Krishnan Carolin Victoria schneider Declan Walsh Department of Supportive Oncology Atrium Health Levine CancerCharlotteNC 28204United States Department of Medicine Section of Hematology and OncologyWake Forest University School of MedicineWinston-SalemNC 27101United States Department of Medicine Ⅲ GastroenterologyMetabolic Diseasesand Intensive CareUniversity Hospital RWTH AachenAachen 52074Germany

BACKGROUND Proton pump inhibitors(PPIs)are widely used,including among cancer patients,to manage gastroesophageal reflux and other gastric acid-related *** evidence suggests associations between long-term PPI use and higher risks for various adverse health outcomes,including greater *** To investigate the association between PPI use and all-cause mortality among cancer patients by a comprehensive analysis after adjustment for various confounders and a robust methodological approach to minimize *** This retrospective cohort study used data from the TriNetX research network,with electronic health records from multiple healthcare *** study employed a new-user,active comparator design,which compared newly treated PPI users with non-users and newly treated histamine2 receptor antagonists(H2RA)users among adult cancer *** prescribed PPIs(esomeprazole,lansoprazole,omeprazole,pantoprazole,or rabeprazole)users were compared to non-users or newly prescribed H2RAs(cimetidine,famotidine,nizatidine,or ranitidine)*** primary outcome was all-cause *** patient in the main group was matched to a patient in the control group using 1:1 propensity score matching to reduce confounding *** Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios(HRs)and 95% confidence interval(CI).RESULTS During the follow-up period(median 5.4±1.8 years for PPI users and 6.5±1.0 years for non-users),PPI users demonstrated a higher all-cause mortality rate than non-users after 1 year,2 years,and at the end of follow up(HRs:2.34-2.72).Compared with H2RA users,PPI users demonstrated a higher rate of all-cause mortality HR:1.51(95%CI:1.41-1.69).Similar results were observed across sensitivity analyses by excluding deaths from the first 9 months and 1-year post-exposure,confirming the robustness of these *** a sensitivity analysis,we analyzed all-cause mortality outcomes between former PPI users and individual

关键词： All-cause mortality Cancer Histamine-2 receptor antagonists Mortality Malignancy Proton pump inhibitors Carcinoma Outcome

Application of Electron Beam Surface Technologies in the Automotive Industry

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 573-578页

作者： Rolf Zenker anja Buchwalder TU Bergakademie Freiberg /Zenker Consult Mittweida GermanyTU Bergakademie Freiberg Germany

Progress in the beam deflection technique opens up new possibilities for the application of electron beam (EB) surface and welding technologies in the automotive industry. This development is based on three-dimensional high-speed beam deflection and fully automatic online process control. So, in the EB surface treatment three-dimensional energy transfer fields can be realised which take into account the contour of a component, the conditions of heat conduction and the load conditions. High flexibility, precision and reproducibility are typical characteristics. High productivity is achieved by the simultaneous interaction of the EB in several processing areas or by carrying out several processes simultaneously. EB surface treatment is becoming more and more attractive and important especially in the automotive industry, and also in comparison to laser technologies. This paper deals with different EB surface technologies, for example hardening, remelting, surface alloying, dispersing or cladding of different materials such as steel, cast iron and different alloys of Al, Mg and Ti. Examples of applications in the automotive industry, especially engine components, will be discussed.

关键词：电子注铸铁 3D射束偏移表面热处理

Pathology-induced NG2 proteoglycan expression in microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 801-802页

作者： Erika Meyer anja Scheller Molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular MedicineUniversity of SaarlandHomburgGermany(Meyer EScheller A)Laboratory of Brain Ischemia and NeuroprotectionDepartment of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsState University of MaringáMaringáBrazil

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)and microglia are two very fascinating cell types with a multitude of important but different *** a first glance,they appear not to share many cellular properties,nor are directly related to one another or derived from a common *** all differences,emerging data show that both cell types express the protein nerve/glial antigen 2(NG2)after pathological insults(Figure 1).For years,it remained controversial whether microglia really could express NG2 upon injury,with contradictory results reported among different disease *** this question,we could recently show by using triple transgenic knock-in mice and either an acute injury model(stab wound injury)or the middle cerebral artery occlusion combined with immunohistochemistry that a subset of microglia activates the cspg4 gene in a disease dependent manner leading to a bonafide microglia-specific NG2 protein expression besides OPCs and *** data show that the cspg4 gene not only gets transcribed in microglia based on reporter expression after recombination,but also the protein itself is expressed(Huang et al.,2020).

关键词： NG2 wound Figure

Progenies of NG2 glia: what do we learn from transgenic mouse models ?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 43-48页

作者： Qilin Guo anja Scheller Wenhui Huang Molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine(CIPMM)University of SaarlandHomburgGermany

In the mammalian central nervous system,nerve-glia antigen 2(NG2)glia are considered the fourth glial population in addition to astrocytes,oligodendrocytes and *** fate of NG2 glia in vivo has been carefully studied in several transgenic mouse models using the Cre/loxP *** is a clear agreement that NG2 glia mainly serve as progenitors for oligodendrocytes and a subpopulation of astrocytes mainly in the ventral forebrain,whereas the existence of a neurogenic potential of NG2 glia is lack of adequate *** mini review summarizes the findings from recent studies regarding the fate of NG2 glia during *** will highlight the age-and-region-dependent heterogeneity of the NG2 glia differentiation *** will also discuss putative reasons for inconsistent findings in various transgenic mouse lines of previous studies.

关键词： astrogliogenesis cell fate Cre/loxP system development differentiation embryonic brain neurogenesis NG2 glia oligodendrocyte lineage oligodendrocyte precursor cells

Oligodendroglial GABAergic Signaling:More Than Inhibition!

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第7期37卷 1039-1050页

作者： Xianshu Bai Frank Kirchhoff anja Scheller Molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine(CIPMM)University of Saarland66421 HomburgGermany

GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS acting at two distinct types of receptor:ligand-gated ionotropic GABAA receptors and G protein-coupled metabotropic GABAB receptors,thus mediating fast and slow inhibition of excitability at central *** signal transmission has been intensively studied in neurons in contrast to oligodendrocytes and their precursors(OPCs),although the latter express both types of GABA *** studies focusing on interneuron myelination and interneuron-OPC synapses have shed light on the importance of GABA signaling in the oligodendrocyte *** this review,we start with a short summary on GABA itself and neuronal GABAergic ***,we elaborate on the physiological role of GABA receptors within the oligodendrocyte lineage and conclude with a description of these receptors as putative targets in treatments of CNS diseases.

关键词： GABA GABAA receptor GABAB receptor OPC Oligodendrocyte lineage

Prey-mediated effects of mCry51Aa2-producing cotton on the predatory nontarget bug Orius majusculus(Reuter)

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Insect Science 2023年第4期30卷 1191-1206页

作者： anja Boss Jorg Romeis Michael Meissle Research Division Agroecology and Environment AgroscopeZurichSwitzerland Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernBernSwitzerland

Genetically engineered(GE)cotton,MON 88702,is protected against cer-tain sucking pests,such as plant bugs and thrips,by producing mCry51Aa2,a mod-ified protein from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt).Predatory pirate bugs(Orius spp.),natural enemies contributing to biological pest control,are also sensitive to the insecti-cidal protein when exposed continuously to high *** evaluated effects of MON 88702 on Orius majusculus when fed prey types with different mCry51Aa2 *** neonates were provided exclusively Tetranychus urticae spider mites reared on MON 88702(high mCry51Aa2 content),adverse effects on predator survival and de-velopment were confirmed,compared with specimens fed prey from near-isogenic non-Bt *** fed a mixture of *** and Ephestia kuehniella eggs(mCry51Aa2-free),predator life table parameters were similar to the treatment where eggs were fed *** mCry51Aa2-containing spider mites were provided for a limited time at the beginning or the end of juvenile development,effects were less *** pirate bug nymphs showed similar consumption rates for prey from Bt and non-Bt cotton,choice experiments revealed a preference for *** eggs over spider *** larvae(Spodoptera littoralis,high mCry51Aa2 content)or cotton aphids(Aphis gossypii,mCry51Aa2-free)reared on MON 88702 as alternative prey did not result in adverse ef-fects on *** study suggests limited risk of mCry51Aa2-producing cotton for ***,because its sensitivity for the Bt protein is relatively low and its natural food consists of diverse prey species with varying concentrations of Bt protein.

关键词： ecosystem services environmental risk assessment enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay(ELISA) genetically modified crops Heteroptera Anthocoridae tritrophic interactions

Modulation of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor activity: the key to successful neural regeneration?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第1期15卷 53-54页

作者： Isabel Gross anja U.Brauer Research Group Anatomy School for Medicine and Health ScienceCarl von Ossietzky University OldenburgOldenburgGermany Research Center for Neurosensory Science Carl von Ossietzky University OldenburgOldenburgGermany

The central nervous system(CNS)is characterized by a remarkably elaborate cellular architecture comprising large numbers of glial and neuronal cells with enormous functional diversity,organized into highly complex and specific *** development,the various neural cell types must first be correctly specified,then assume their appropriate positions through carefully choreographed cellular migration,and finally establish and refine their functional connections,often over long *** end result of all these processes is an extraordinarily intricate anatomical structure,able to receive,integrate,and store information and orchestrate appropriate responses.

关键词： neural specified finally