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Expression of the Viral Antigen VP60 in Transgenic Potatoes and its Effect on the Nutritional Composition of Tubers

Food and Nutrition Sciences 2011年第2期2卷 74-86页

作者： Heike Mikschofsky anja hartmann Pawel Janczyk Günther M.Keil Patricia Konig Horst Schirrmeier Martin Hammer Holger Junghans Kerstin Schmidt Jorg Schmidtke Wolfgang B.Souffrant Manfred Schwerin Inge Broer Agrobiotechnologie Universitat RostockJustus-von-Liebig-WegGermany Research Group Functional Genomics Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals DummerstorfGermany Research Group Nutritional Physiology Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals DummerstorfGermany Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut SüduferGreifswald-Insel RiemsGermany Norika GmbH ParkwegGroB LüsewitzGermany BioMath GmbH ThünenplatzGroßLüsewitzGermany

Recombinant plant-derived pharmaceuticals have been investigated for the last two decades and some products will soon be brought to market. Since veterinary pharmaceuticals seem to be the front-runners of plant-derived vaccines, we selected one model subunit vaccine, the structural capsid protein VP60 against rabbit haemorrhagic disease, and ana-lyzed the expression of three different sequences representing the vp60 open reading frame in potato plants. The gen-eration of antigenic VP60 molecules in the leaf and tuber tissue of potato was tremendously enhanced by replacing virus-derived sequences with plant-optimized codons. In order to identify potentially undesirable alterations in the composition of these genetically modified food components, we studied their nutrient composition and nutritional value in comparison to two parental conventional breeding varieties (Albatros and Desiree). The largest differences in nutrient composition were found between the two conventional breeds and between conventional Desiree and its near-isogenic genetically modified potato plant, indicating that genetic modification as well as conventional breeding can influence nutrient composition. Nevertheless, most parameters of nutritional value seemed to be more affected by conventional breeding than by genetic modification.

关键词： Recombinant Plant-Derived Vaccines VP60 RHDV Animal Nutrition Nutritional Assessment

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Application of Electron Beam Surface Technologies in the Automotive Industry

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材料热处理学报 2004年第5期25卷 573-578页

作者： Rolf Zenker anja Buchwalder TU Bergakademie Freiberg /Zenker Consult Mittweida GermanyTU Bergakademie Freiberg Germany

Progress in the beam deflection technique opens up new possibilities for the application of electron beam (EB) surface and welding technologies in the automotive industry. This development is based on three-dimensional high-speed beam deflection and fully automatic online process control. So, in the EB surface treatment three-dimensional energy transfer fields can be realised which take into account the contour of a component, the conditions of heat conduction and the load conditions. High flexibility, precision and reproducibility are typical characteristics. High productivity is achieved by the simultaneous interaction of the EB in several processing areas or by carrying out several processes simultaneously. EB surface treatment is becoming more and more attractive and important especially in the automotive industry, and also in comparison to laser technologies. This paper deals with different EB surface technologies, for example hardening, remelting, surface alloying, dispersing or cladding of different materials such as steel, cast iron and different alloys of Al, Mg and Ti. Examples of applications in the automotive industry, especially engine components, will be discussed.

关键词：电子注铸铁 3D射束偏移表面热处理

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Insights into manganese transport: A matter of phosphorylation

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Molecular Plant 2022年第3期15卷 385-387页

作者： anja Schneider Plant Science Faculty of BiologyLudwig-Maximilians-Universität MünchenMunichGermany

Manganese(Mn)is an essential element required for the growth of all known living *** plants acquire Mn from the rhizosphere,and its translocation into,and distribution within,the plant involves a multitude of transporters(Alejandro et al.,2020).In the aerial part of the green plant,the most prominent reaction that depends on Mn is the water-splitting reaction of photosystem II,which employs a tetra-Mn cluster located in the thylakoid lumen of ***,no less important reactions take place in mitochondria,where a Mn superoxide dismutase acts as a scavenger of reactive oxygen species,and in the Golgi apparatus,where Mn-dependent glycosyltransferases are involved in cell wall biosynthesis.

关键词： manganese apparatus splitting

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Pathology-induced NG2 proteoglycan expression in microglia

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第4期18卷 801-802页

作者： Erika Meyer anja Scheller Molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular MedicineUniversity of SaarlandHomburgGermany(Meyer EScheller A)Laboratory of Brain Ischemia and NeuroprotectionDepartment of Pharmacology and TherapeuticsState University of MaringáMaringáBrazil

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells(OPCs)and microglia are two very fascinating cell types with a multitude of important but different *** a first glance,they appear not to share many cellular properties,nor are directly related to one another or derived from a common *** all differences,emerging data show that both cell types express the protein nerve/glial antigen 2(NG2)after pathological insults(Figure 1).For years,it remained controversial whether microglia really could express NG2 upon injury,with contradictory results reported among different disease *** this question,we could recently show by using triple transgenic knock-in mice and either an acute injury model(stab wound injury)or the middle cerebral artery occlusion combined with immunohistochemistry that a subset of microglia activates the cspg4 gene in a disease dependent manner leading to a bonafide microglia-specific NG2 protein expression besides OPCs and *** data show that the cspg4 gene not only gets transcribed in microglia based on reporter expression after recombination,but also the protein itself is expressed(Huang et al.,2020).

关键词： NG2 wound Figure

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Progenies of NG2 glia: what do we learn from transgenic mouse models ?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第1期16卷 43-48页

作者： Qilin Guo anja Scheller Wenhui Huang Molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine(CIPMM)University of SaarlandHomburgGermany

In the mammalian central nervous system,nerve-glia antigen 2(NG2)glia are considered the fourth glial population in addition to astrocytes,oligodendrocytes and *** fate of NG2 glia in vivo has been carefully studied in several transgenic mouse models using the Cre/loxP *** is a clear agreement that NG2 glia mainly serve as progenitors for oligodendrocytes and a subpopulation of astrocytes mainly in the ventral forebrain,whereas the existence of a neurogenic potential of NG2 glia is lack of adequate *** mini review summarizes the findings from recent studies regarding the fate of NG2 glia during *** will highlight the age-and-region-dependent heterogeneity of the NG2 glia differentiation *** will also discuss putative reasons for inconsistent findings in various transgenic mouse lines of previous studies.

关键词： astrogliogenesis cell fate Cre/loxP system development differentiation embryonic brain neurogenesis NG2 glia oligodendrocyte lineage oligodendrocyte precursor cells

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Oligodendroglial GABAergic Signaling:More Than Inhibition!

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第7期37卷 1039-1050页

作者： Xianshu Bai Frank Kirchhoff anja Scheller Molecular Physiology Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine(CIPMM)University of Saarland66421 HomburgGermany

GABA is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS acting at two distinct types of receptor:ligand-gated ionotropic GABAA receptors and G protein-coupled metabotropic GABAB receptors,thus mediating fast and slow inhibition of excitability at central *** signal transmission has been intensively studied in neurons in contrast to oligodendrocytes and their precursors(OPCs),although the latter express both types of GABA *** studies focusing on interneuron myelination and interneuron-OPC synapses have shed light on the importance of GABA signaling in the oligodendrocyte *** this review,we start with a short summary on GABA itself and neuronal GABAergic ***,we elaborate on the physiological role of GABA receptors within the oligodendrocyte lineage and conclude with a description of these receptors as putative targets in treatments of CNS diseases.

关键词： GABA GABAA receptor GABAB receptor OPC Oligodendrocyte lineage

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Prey-mediated effects of mCry51Aa2-producing cotton on the predatory nontarget bug Orius majusculus(Reuter)

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Insect Science 2023年第4期30卷 1191-1206页

作者： anja Boss Jorg Romeis Michael Meissle Research Division Agroecology and Environment AgroscopeZurichSwitzerland Institute of Plant Sciences University of BernBernSwitzerland

Genetically engineered(GE)cotton,MON 88702,is protected against cer-tain sucking pests,such as plant bugs and thrips,by producing mCry51Aa2,a mod-ified protein from Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt).Predatory pirate bugs(Orius spp.),natural enemies contributing to biological pest control,are also sensitive to the insecti-cidal protein when exposed continuously to high *** evaluated effects of MON 88702 on Orius majusculus when fed prey types with different mCry51Aa2 *** neonates were provided exclusively Tetranychus urticae spider mites reared on MON 88702(high mCry51Aa2 content),adverse effects on predator survival and de-velopment were confirmed,compared with specimens fed prey from near-isogenic non-Bt *** fed a mixture of *** and Ephestia kuehniella eggs(mCry51Aa2-free),predator life table parameters were similar to the treatment where eggs were fed *** mCry51Aa2-containing spider mites were provided for a limited time at the beginning or the end of juvenile development,effects were less *** pirate bug nymphs showed similar consumption rates for prey from Bt and non-Bt cotton,choice experiments revealed a preference for *** eggs over spider *** larvae(Spodoptera littoralis,high mCry51Aa2 content)or cotton aphids(Aphis gossypii,mCry51Aa2-free)reared on MON 88702 as alternative prey did not result in adverse ef-fects on *** study suggests limited risk of mCry51Aa2-producing cotton for ***,because its sensitivity for the Bt protein is relatively low and its natural food consists of diverse prey species with varying concentrations of Bt protein.

关键词： ecosystem services environmental risk assessment enzyme-linked im-munosorbent assay(ELISA) genetically modified crops Heteroptera Anthocoridae tritrophic interactions

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Efficient Dynamic Floor Field Methods for Microscopic Pedestrian Crowd Simulations

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Communications in Computational Physics 2014年第6期16卷 264-286页

作者： Dirk hartmann Peter Hasel Siemens AG Corporate Technology80200 MunichGermany

Floor field methods are one of the most popular medium-scale navigation concepts in microscopic pedestrian *** introduced dynamic floor field methods have significantly increased the realism of such simulations,*** of spatio-temporal patterns of pedestrian densities in simulations with real world *** methods update floor fields continuously taking other pedestrians into *** implies that computational times are mainly determined by the calculation of floor *** this work,we propose a new computational approach for the construction of dynamic floor *** approach is based on the one hand on adaptive grid concepts and on the other hand on a directed calculation of floor fields,*** calculation is restricted to the domain of *** both techniques the computational complexity can be reduced by a factor of 10 as demonstrated by several realistic *** on-line simulations,a requirement of many applications,are possible for moderate realistic scenarios.

关键词： Pedestrian dynamics cellular automata adaptive grids floor field methods fast marching method navigation.

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Modulation of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor activity: the key to successful neural regeneration?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第1期15卷 53-54页

作者： Isabel Gross anja U.Brauer Research Group Anatomy School for Medicine and Health ScienceCarl von Ossietzky University OldenburgOldenburgGermany Research Center for Neurosensory Science Carl von Ossietzky University OldenburgOldenburgGermany

The central nervous system(CNS)is characterized by a remarkably elaborate cellular architecture comprising large numbers of glial and neuronal cells with enormous functional diversity,organized into highly complex and specific *** development,the various neural cell types must first be correctly specified,then assume their appropriate positions through carefully choreographed cellular migration,and finally establish and refine their functional connections,often over long *** end result of all these processes is an extraordinarily intricate anatomical structure,able to receive,integrate,and store information and orchestrate appropriate responses.

关键词： neural specified finally

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Importing Manganese into the Chloroplast： Many Membranes to Cross

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Molecular Plant 2018年第9期11卷 1109-1111页

作者： anja Krieger-Liszkay Sebastien Thomine Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (12BC) CEA CNRS Universite Paris-Sud Universite Paris-Saclay Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex 91198 France

Manganese （Mn） plays a wealth of roles in living systems. It is ubiquitously involved in the antioxidant response because of its ability to catalyze the dismutation of superoxide anions. In eukaryotic cells, Mn also plays a role in protein glycosylation in the secretory system. However, arguably, in photosynthetic organisms, the most important role of Mn is in the oxygen evolving complex at photosystem IL （PS Ⅱ）. Atthe global level, atmospheric oxygen is derived from the splitting of water, a reaction that relies strictly on the tetra-manganese cluster （Mn405Ca） bound to photosystem II at the lumen side of the thylakoid membrane.

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